リーリン
(Reelin から転送)
出典: フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)』 (2024/04/13 05:17 UTC 版)
リーリン (Reelin) は、神経細胞の移動と発達中の脳での中での位置の固定の過程の制御を補助するタンパク質である。この初期の発達における重要な機能の他に、リーリンは成体においても長期増強の誘導によるシナプスの柔軟性の調節等を行う等、働きを続けている[5][6]。また、樹状突起[7]や樹状突起棘[8]の発達を促進し、脳室下帯等の成体の神経細胞新生箇所からの移動を調整し続ける。リーリンは脳だけで見られる訳ではなく、脊髄や血液、その他の器官や組織でも見られる。
- ^ a b c GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000189056 - Ensembl, May 2017
- ^ a b c GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000042453 - Ensembl, May 2017
- ^ Human PubMed Reference:
- ^ Mouse PubMed Reference:
- ^ Weeber EJ, Beffert U, Jones C, et al. (October 2002), “Reelin and ApoE receptors cooperate to enhance hippocampal synaptic plasticity and learning”, J. Biol. Chem. 277 (42): 39944–52, doi:10.1074/jbc.M205147200, PMID 12167620W
- ^ D'Arcangelo G (August 2005), “Apoer2: a reelin receptor to remember”, Neuron 47 (4): 471–3, doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2005.08.001, PMID 16102527
- ^ Niu S, Renfro A, Quattrocchi CC, Sheldon M, D'Arcangelo G (January 2004), “Reelin promotes hippocampal dendrite development through the VLDLR/ApoER2-Dab1 pathway”, Neuron 41 (1): 71–84, doi:10.1016/S0896-6273(03)00819-5, PMID 14715136
- ^ Niu S, Yabut O, D'Arcangelo G (October 2008), “The Reelin signaling pathway promotes dendritic spine development in hippocampal neurons”, J. Neurosci. 28 (41): 10339–48, doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1917-08.2008, PMC 2572775, PMID 18842893
- ^ Grayson DR, Guidotti A, Costa E (2008年1月17日). “Current Hypotheses”. Schizophrenia Research Forum. schizophreniaforum.org. 2008年9月17日時点のオリジナルよりアーカイブ。2008年8月23日閲覧。
- ^ Tochigi M, Iwamoto K, Bundo M, Komori A, Sasaki T, Kato N, Kato T (2007), “Methylation Status of the Reelin Promoter Region in the Brain of Schizophrenic Patients”, Biological Psychiatry 63 (5): 530–3, doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2007.07.003, PMID 17870056
- ^ Mill J, Tang T, Kaminsky Z, Khare T, Yazdanpanah S, Bouchard L, Jia P, Assadzadeh A, Flanagan J, Schumacher A, Wang SC, Petronis A (2008), “Epigenomic profiling reveals DNA-methylation changes associated with major psychosis”, Am. J. Hum. Genet. 82 (3): 696–711, doi:10.1016/j.ajhg.2008.01.008, PMC 2427301, PMID 18319075
- ^ a b Falconer DS, D. S. (January 1951), “Two new mutants, ‘trembler’ and ‘reeler’, with neurological actions in the house mouse (Mus musculus L.)”, Journal of Genetics 50 (2): 192–201, doi:10.1007/BF02996215
- ^ Tueting P, Doueiri MS, Guidotti A, Davis JM, Costa E (2006), “Reelin down-regulation in mice and psychosis endophenotypes”, Neurosci Biobehav Rev 30 (8): 1065–77, doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2006.04.001, PMID 16769115
- ^ Hamburgh M (October 1963), “Analysis of the postnatal developmental effects of "reeler", a neurological mutation in mice. A study in developmental genetics”, Dev. Biol. 19: 165–85, doi:10.1016/0012-1606(63)90040-X, PMID 14069672
- ^ Caviness VS (December 1976), “Patterns of cell and fiber distribution in the neocortex of the reeler mutant mouse”, J. Comp. Neurol. 170 (4): 435–47, doi:10.1002/cne.901700404, PMID 1002868
- ^ Miao GG, Smeyne RJ, D'Arcangelo G, Copeland NG, Jenkins NA, Morgan JI, Curran T (November 1994), “Isolation of an allele of reeler by insertional mutagenesis”, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 91 (23): 11050–4, doi:10.1073/pnas.91.23.11050, PMC 45164, PMID 7972007
- ^ D'Arcangelo G, Miao GG, Chen SC, Soares HD, Morgan JI, Curran T (April 1995), “A protein related to extracellular matrix proteins deleted in the mouse mutant reeler”, Nature 374 (6524): 719–23, doi:10.1038/374719a0, PMID 7715726
- ^ Ogawa M, Miyata T, Nakajima K, et al. (May 1995), “The reeler gene-associated antigen on Cajal-Retzius neurons is a crucial molecule for laminar organization of cortical neurons”, Neuron 14 (5): 899–912, doi:10.1016/0896-6273(95)90329-1, PMID 7748558
- ^ Trommsdorff M, Borg JP, Margolis B, Herz J (December 1998), “Interaction of cytosolic adaptor proteins with neuronal apolipoprotein E receptors and the amyloid precursor protein”, J. Biol. Chem. 273 (50): 33556–60, doi:10.1074/jbc.273.50.33556, PMID 9837937
- ^ Trommsdorff M, Gotthardt M, Hiesberger T, et al. (June 1999), “Reeler/Disabled-like disruption of neuronal migration in knockout mice lacking the VLDL receptor and ApoE receptor 2”, Cell 97 (6): 689–701, doi:10.1016/S0092-8674(00)80782-5, PMID 10380922
- ^ Sheldon M, Rice DS, D'Arcangelo G, et al. (October 1997), “Scrambler and yotari disrupt the disabled gene and produce a reeler-like phenotype in mice”, Nature 389 (6652): 730–3, doi:10.1038/39601, PMID 9338784
- ^ "Reelin" mentioned in the titles of scientific literature - a search in the Google Scholar
- ^ a b c d e Hossein S. Fatemi, ed. (2008), Reelin Glycoprotein: Structure, Biology and Roles in Health and Disease, Springer, p. 444, ISBN 978-0-387-76760-4
- ^ Lacor PN, Grayson DR, Auta J, Sugaya I, Costa E, Guidotti A (March 2000), “Reelin secretion from glutamatergic neurons in culture is independent from neurotransmitter regulation”, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 97 (7): 3556–61, doi:10.1073/pnas.050589597, PMC 16278, PMID 10725375
- ^ Meyer G, Goffinet AM, Fairén A (December 1999), “What is a Cajal-Retzius cell? A reassessment of a classical cell type based on recent observations in the developing neocortex”, Cereb. Cortex 9 (8): 765–75, doi:10.1093/cercor/9.8.765, PMID 10600995
- ^ a b Meyer G, Goffinet AM (July 1998), “Prenatal development of reelin-immunoreactive neurons in the human neocortex”, J. Comp. Neurol. 397 (1): 29–40, doi:10.1002/(SICI)1096-9861(19980720)397:1<29::AID-CNE3>3.3.CO;2-7, PMID 9671277
- ^ Schiffmann SN, Bernier B, Goffinet AM (May 1997), “Reelin mRNA expression during mouse brain development”, Eur. J. Neurosci. 9 (5): 1055–71, doi:10.1111/j.1460-9568.1997.tb01456.x, PMID 9182958
- ^ Pesold C, Impagnatiello F, Pisu MG, et al. (March 1998), “Reelin is preferentially expressed in neurons synthesizing gamma-aminobutyric acid in cortex and hippocampus of adult rats”, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 95 (6): 3221–6, doi:10.1073/pnas.95.6.3221, PMC 19723, PMID 9501244
- ^ Alcántara S, Ruiz M, D'Arcangelo G, et al. (1 October 1998), “Regional and cellular patterns of reelin mRNA expression in the forebrain of the developing and adult mouse”, J. Neurosci. 18 (19): 7779–99, PMID 9742148
- ^ Pesold C, Liu WS, Guidotti A, Costa E, Caruncho HJ (March 1999), “Cortical bitufted, horizontal, and Martinotti cells preferentially express and secrete reelin into perineuronal nets, nonsynaptically modulating gene expression”, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 96 (6): 3217–22, doi:10.1073/pnas.96.6.3217, PMC 15922, PMID 10077664
- ^ Suárez-Solá ML, González-Delgado FJ, Pueyo-Morlans M, Medina-Bolívar OC, Hernández-Acosta NC, González-Gómez M, Meyer G (2009), “Neurons in the white matter of the adult human neocortex”, Front Neuroanat 3: 7, doi:10.3389/neuro.05.007.2009, PMC 2697018, PMID 19543540
- ^ Smalheiser NR, Costa E, Guidotti A, et al. (February 2000), “Expression of reelin in adult mammalian blood, liver, pituitary pars intermedia, and adrenal chromaffin cells”, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 97 (3): 1281–6, doi:10.1073/pnas.97.3.1281, PMC 15597, PMID 10655522
- ^ Samama B, Boehm N (July 2005), “Reelin immunoreactivity in lymphatics and liver during development and adult life”, Anat Rec a Discov Mol Cell Evol Biol 285 (1): 595–9, doi:10.1002/ar.a.20202, PMID 15912522
- ^ a b Kobold D, Grundmann A, Piscaglia F, et al. (May 2002), “Expression of reelin in hepatic stellate cells and during hepatic tissue repair: a novel marker for the differentiation of HSC from other liver myofibroblasts”, J. Hepatol. 36 (5): 607–13, doi:10.1016/S0168-8278(02)00050-8, PMID 11983443
- ^ a b Pulido JS, Sugaya I, Comstock J, Sugaya K (June 2007), “Reelin expression is upregulated following ocular tissue injury”, Graefes Arch. Clin. Exp. Ophthalmol. 245 (6): 889–93, doi:10.1007/s00417-006-0458-4, PMID 17120005
- ^ Buchaille R, Couble ML, Magloire H, Bleicher F (September 2000), “A substractive PCR-based cDNA library from human odontoblast cells: identification of novel genes expressed in tooth forming cells”, Matrix biology : journal of the International Society for Matrix Biology 19 (5): 421–30, doi:10.1016/S0945-053X(00)00091-3, PMID 10980418
- ^ Allard B, Magloire H, Couble ML, Maurin JC, Bleicher F (September 2006), “Voltage-gated sodium channels confer excitability to human odontoblasts: possible role in tooth pain transmission”, J. Biol. Chem. 281 (39): 29002–10, doi:10.1074/jbc.M601020200, PMID 16831873
- ^ Maurin JC, Couble ML, Didier-Bazes M, Brisson C, Magloire H, Bleicher F (August 2004), “Expression and localization of reelin in human odontoblasts”, Matrix biology : journal of the International Society for Matrix Biology 23 (5): 277–85, doi:10.1016/j.matbio.2004.06.005, PMID 15464360
- ^ Yasui N, Nogi T, Kitao T, Nakano Y, Hattori M, Takagi J (June 2007), “Structure of a receptor-binding fragment of reelin and mutational analysis reveal a recognition mechanism similar to endocytic receptors”, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 104 (24): 9988–93, doi:10.1073/pnas.0700438104, PMC 1891246, PMID 17548821
- ^ a b Quattrocchi CC, Wannenes F, Persico AM, Ciafré SA, D'Arcangelo G, Farace MG, Keller F. (January 2002), “Reelin is a serine protease of the extracellular matrix”, J. Biol. Chem. 277 (1): 303–9, doi:10.1074/jbc.M106996200, PMID 11689558
- ^ a b Royaux I, Lambert de Rouvroit C, D'Arcangelo G, Demirov D, Goffinet AM (December 1997), “Genomic organization of the mouse reelin gene”, Genomics 46 (2): 240–50, doi:10.1006/geno.1997.4983, PMID 9417911
- ^ Nogi T, Yasui N, Hattori M, Iwasaki K, Takagi J (August 2006), “Structure of a signaling-competent reelin fragment revealed by X-ray crystallography and electron tomography”, EMBO J. 25 (15): 3675–83, doi:10.1038/sj.emboj.7601240, PMC 1538547, PMID 16858396
- ^ Nakano, Yoshimi; Kohno, Takao; Hibi, Terumasa; Kohno, Shiori; Baba, Atsushi; Mikoshiba, Katsuhiko; Nakajima, Kazunori; Hattori, Mitsuharu (2007-07-13). “The Extremely Conserved C-terminal Region of Reelin Is Not Necessary for Secretion but Is Required for Efficient Activation of Downstream Signaling” (英語). Journal of Biological Chemistry 282 (28): 20544–20552. doi:10.1074/jbc.M702300200. ISSN 0021-9258. PMID 17504759 .
- ^ a b Koie, Mari; Okumura, Kyoko; Hisanaga, Arisa; Kamei, Takana; Sasaki, Kazutomo; Deng, Mengyan; Baba, Atsushi; Kohno, Takao et al. (2014-05-02). “Cleavage within Reelin Repeat 3 Regulates the Duration and Range of the Signaling Activity of Reelin Protein” (英語). Journal of Biological Chemistry 289 (18): 12922–12930. doi:10.1074/jbc.M113.536326. ISSN 0021-9258. PMC 4007479. PMID 24644294 .
- ^ Sato, Yoshitaka; Kobayashi, Daichi; Kohno, Takao; Kidani, Yujiro; Prox, Johannes; Becker-Pauly, Christoph; Hattori, Mitsuharu (2015-10-21). “Determination of cleavage site of Reelin between its sixth and seventh repeat and contribution of meprin metalloproteases to the cleavage” (英語). Journal of Biochemistry 159 (3): mvv102. doi:10.1093/jb/mvv102. ISSN 0021-924X .
- ^ Lambert de Rouvroit C, de Bergeyck V, Cortvrindt C, Bar I, Eeckhout Y, Goffinet AM (March 1999), “Reelin, the extracellular matrix protein deficient in reeler mutant mice, is processed by a metalloproteinase”, Exp. Neurol. 156 (1): 214–7, doi:10.1006/exnr.1998.7007, PMID 10192793
- ^ a b Jossin Y, Gui L, Goffinet AM (April 2007), “Processing of Reelin by embryonic neurons is important for function in tissue but not in dissociated cultured neurons”, J. Neurosci. 27 (16): 4243–52, doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.0023-07.2007, PMID 17442808
- ^ Ogino, Himari; Hisanaga, Arisa; Kohno, Takao; Kondo, Yuta; Okumura, Kyoko; Kamei, Takana; Sato, Tempei; Asahara, Hiroshi et al. (2017-03-22). “Secreted Metalloproteinase ADAMTS-3 Inactivates Reelin” (英語). Journal of Neuroscience 37 (12): 3181–3191. doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.3632-16.2017. ISSN 0270-6474. PMID 28213441 .
- ^ a b Blake SM, Strasser V, Andrade N, et al. (October 2008), “Thrombospondin-1 binds to ApoER2 and VLDL receptor and functions in postnatal neuronal migration”, EMBO J. 27 (22): 3069–80, doi:10.1038/emboj.2008.223, PMC 2585172, PMID 18946489
- ^ Lennington JB, Yang Z, Conover JC (November 2003), “Neural stem cells and the regulation of adult neurogenesis”, Reprod. Biol. Endocrinol. 1: 99, doi:10.1186/1477-7827-1-99, PMC 293430, PMID 14614786
- ^ a b c d Nomura T, Takahashi M, Hara Y, Osumi N (2008), “Patterns of neurogenesis and amplitude of Reelin expression are essential for making a mammalian-type cortex”, PLoS ONE 3 (1): e1454, doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0001454, PMC 2175532, PMID 18197264
- ^ a b Hartfuss E, Förster E, Bock HH, et al. (October 2003), “Reelin signaling directly affects radial glia morphology and biochemical maturation”, Development 130 (19): 4597–609, doi:10.1242/dev.00654, PMID 12925587
- ^ Del R�o JA, Heimrich B, Borrell V, F�rster E, Drakew A, Alc�ntara S, Nakajima K, Miyata T et al. (January 1997), “A role for Cajal-Retzius cells and reelin in the development of hippocampal connections.”, Nature 385 (6611): 70–4, doi:10.1038/385070a0, PMID 8985248
- ^ Borrell V, Del R�o JA, Alc�ntara S, Derer M, Mart�nez A, D'arcangelo G, Nakajima K, Mikoshiba K et al. (February 1999), “Reelin regulates the development and synaptogenesis of the layer-specific entorhino-hippocampal connections.”, The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience 19 (4): 1345–58, PMID 9952412
- ^ a b Hack I, Bancila M, Loulier K, Carroll P, Cremer H (October 2002), “Reelin is a detachment signal in tangential chain-migration during postnatal neurogenesis”, Nat. Neurosci. 5 (10): 939–45, doi:10.1038/nn923, PMID 12244323
- ^ a b c d Yoshida M, Assimacopoulos S, Jones KR, Grove EA (February 2006), “Massive loss of Cajal-Retzius cells does not disrupt neocortical layer order”, Development 133 (3): 537–45, doi:10.1242/dev.02209, PMID 16410414
- ^ Yip YP, Mehta N, Magdaleno S, Curran T, Yip JW (March 2009), “Ectopic expression of reelin alters migration of sympathetic preganglionic neurons in the spinal cord”, J. Comp. Neurol. 515 (2): 260–268, doi:10.1002/cne.22044, PMID 19412957
- ^ a b Campo CG, Sinagra M, Verrier D, Manzoni OJ, Chavis P (2009), “Reelin secreted by GABAergic neurons regulates glutamate receptor homeostasis”, PLoS ONE 4 (5): e5505, doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0005505, PMC 2675077, PMID 19430527
- ^ Andrade N, Komnenovic V, Blake SM, et al. (May 2007), “ApoER2/VLDL receptor and Dab1 in the rostral migratory stream function in postnatal neuronal migration independently of Reelin”, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 104 (20): 8508–13, doi:10.1073/pnas.0611391104, PMC 1895980, PMID 17494763
- ^ Frotscher M, Haas CA, Förster E (June 2003), “Reelin controls granule cell migration in the dentate gyrus by acting on the radial glial scaffold”, Cereb. Cortex 13 (6): 634–40, doi:10.1093/cercor/13.6.634, PMID 12764039
- ^ INSERM - Olivier Manzoni - Physiopathology of Synaptic Transmission and Plasticity Archived 2006年11月25日, at the Wayback Machine. - Bordo neuroscience institute.
- ^ Sinagra M, Verrier D, Frankova D, Korwek KM, Blahos J, Weeber EJ, Manzoni OJ, Chavis P (June 2005), “Reelin, very-low-density lipoprotein receptor, and apolipoprotein E receptor 2 control somatic NMDA receptor composition during hippocampal maturation in vitro”, J. Neurosci. 25 (26): 6127–36, doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1757-05.2005, PMID 15987942
- ^ Groc L, Choquet D, Stephenson FA, Verrier D, Manzoni OJ, Chavis P (2007), “NMDA receptor surface trafficking and synaptic subunit composition are developmentally regulated by the extracellular matrix protein Reelin”, J. Neurosci. 27 (38): 10165–75, doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1772-07.2007, PMID 17881522
- ^ Liu XB, Murray KD, Jones EG (October 2004), “Switching of NMDA receptor 2A and 2B subunits at thalamic and cortical synapses during early postnatal development”, J. Neurosci. 24 (40): 8885–95, doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2476-04.2004, PMID 15470155
- ^ Bar I, Lambert de Rouvroit C, Goffinet AM (December 2000), “The evolution of cortical development. An hypothesis based on the role of the Reelin signaling pathway”, Trends Neurosci. 23 (12): 633–8, doi:10.1016/S0166-2236(00)01675-1, PMID 11137154
- ^ Molnár Z, Métin C, Stoykova A, et al. (February 2006), “Comparative aspects of cerebral cortical development”, Eur. J. Neurosci. 23 (4): 921–34, doi:10.1111/j.1460-9568.2006.04611.x, PMC 1931431, PMID 16519657
- ^ a b Pérez-García CG, González-Delgado FJ, Suárez-Solá ML, et al. (January 2001), “Reelin-immunoreactive neurons in the adult vertebrate pallium”, J. Chem. Neuroanat. 21 (1): 41–51, doi:10.1016/S0891-0618(00)00104-6, PMID 11173219
- ^ Costagli A, Kapsimali M, Wilson SW, Mione M (August 2002), “Conserved and divergent patterns of Reelin expression in the zebrafish central nervous system”, J. Comp. Neurol. 450 (1): 73–93, doi:10.1002/cne.10292, PMID 12124768
- ^ Goffinet AM (2006), “What makes us human? A biased view from the perspective of comparative embryology and mouse genetics”, J Biomed Discov Collab 1: 16, doi:10.1186/1747-5333-1-13, PMC 1769396, PMID 17132178
- ^ Pollard KS, Salama SR, Lambert N, et al. (September 2006), “An RNA gene expressed during cortical development evolved rapidly in humans”, Nature 443 (7108): 167–72, doi:10.1038/nature05113, PMID 16915236
- ^ Williamson SH, Hubisz MJ, Clark AG, Payseur BA, Bustamante CD, Nielsen R (2007), “Localizing Recent Adaptive Evolution in the Human Genome”, PLoS Genetics 3 (6): e90, doi:10.1371/journal.pgen.0030090, PMC 1885279, PMID 17542651
- ^ Wade N (2007年6月26日). “Humans Have Spread Globally, and Evolved Locally”. Science (New York Times) 2008年8月23日閲覧。
- ^ a b Zhang G, Assadi AH, McNeil RS, Beffert U, Wynshaw-Boris A, Herz J, Clark GD, D’Arcangelo G. (2007), “The Pafah1b complex interacts with the Reelin receptor VLDLR”, PLoS ONE 2 (2): e252, doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0000252, PMC 1800349, PMID 17330141
- ^ Schmid RS, Jo R, Shelton S, Kreidberg JA, Anton ES (October 2005), “Reelin, integrin and DAB1 interactions during embryonic cerebral cortical development”, Cereb. Cortex 15 (10): 1632–6, doi:10.1093/cercor/bhi041, PMID 15703255
- ^ Senzaki K, Ogawa M, Yagi T (December 1999), “Proteins of the CNR family are multiple receptors for Reelin”, Cell 99 (6): 635–47, doi:10.1016/S0092-8674(00)81552-4, PMID 10612399
- ^ a b Jossin Y, Ignatova N, Hiesberger T, Herz J, Lambert de Rouvroit C, Goffinet AM (January 2004), “The central fragment of Reelin, generated by proteolytic processing in vivo, is critical to its function during cortical plate development”, J. Neurosci. 24 (2): 514–21, doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.3408-03.2004, PMID 14724251
- ^ Belvindrah R, Graus-Porta D, Goebbels S, Nave KA, Müller U (December 2007), “Beta1 integrins in radial glia but not in migrating neurons are essential for the formation of cell layers in the cerebral cortex”, J. Neurosci. 27 (50): 13854–65, doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.4494-07.2007, PMID 18077697
- ^ Howell BW, Gertler FB, Cooper JA (January 1997), “Mouse disabled (mDab1): a Src binding protein implicated in neuronal development”, EMBO J. 16 (1): 121–32, doi:10.1093/emboj/16.1.121, PMC 1169619, PMID 9009273
- ^ Arnaud L, Ballif BA, Förster E, Cooper JA (January 2003), “Fyn tyrosine kinase is a critical regulator of disabled-1 during brain development”, Curr. Biol. 13 (1): 9–17, doi:10.1016/S0960-9822(02)01397-0, PMID 12526739
- ^ Feng L, Allen NS, Simo S, Cooper JA (November 2007), “Cullin 5 regulates Dab1 protein levels and neuron positioning during cortical development”, Genes Dev. 21 (21): 2717–30, doi:10.1101/gad.1604207, PMC 2045127, PMID 17974915
- ^ Kerjan G, Gleeson JG (November 2007), “A missed exit: Reelin sets in motion Dab1 polyubiquitination to put the break on neuronal migration”, Genes Dev. 21 (22): 2850–4, doi:10.1101/gad.1622907, PMID 18006681
- ^ a b c Keilani S, Sugaya K (July 2008), “Reelin induces a radial glial phenotype in human neural progenitor cells by activation of Notch-1”, BMC Dev. Biol. 8 (1): 69, doi:10.1186/1471-213X-8-69, PMC 2447831, PMID 18593473
- ^ Hack I, Hellwig S, Junghans D, Brunne B, Bock HH, Zhao S, Frotscher M (2007), “Divergent roles of ApoER2 and Vldlr in the migration of cortical neurons”, Development 134 (21): 3883–91, doi:10.1242/dev.005447, PMID 17913789
- ^ Utsunomiya-Tate N, Kubo K, Tate S, et al. (August 2000), “Reelin molecules assemble together to form a large protein complex, which is inhibited by the function-blocking CR-50 antibody”, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 97 (17): 9729–34, doi:10.1073/pnas.160272497, PMC 16933, PMID 10920200
- ^ Kubo K, Mikoshiba K, Nakajima K (August 2002), “Secreted Reelin molecules form homodimers”, Neurosci. Res. 43 (4): 381–8, doi:10.1016/S0168-0102(02)00068-8, PMID 12135781
- ^ a b Strasser V, Fasching D, Hauser C, et al. (February 2004), “Receptor clustering is involved in Reelin signaling”, Mol. Cell. Biol. 24 (3): 1378–86, doi:10.1128/MCB.24.3.1378-1386.2004, PMC 321426, PMID 14729980
- ^ Beffert U, Weeber EJ, Durudas A, et al. (August 2005), “Modulation of synaptic plasticity and memory by Reelin involves differential splicing of the lipoprotein receptor Apoer2” (PDF), Neuron 47 (4): 567–79, doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2005.07.007, PMID 16102539
- ^ Miller CA, Sweatt JD (March 2007), “Covalent modification of DNA regulates memory formation”, Neuron 53 (6): 857–69, doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2007.02.022, PMID 17359920
- ^ Matsuki T, Pramatarova A, Howell BW (May 2008), “Reduction of Crk and CrkL expression blocks reelin-induced dendritogenesis”, J. Cell. Sci. 121 (Pt 11): 1869–75, doi:10.1242/jcs.027334, PMC 2430739, PMID 18477607
- ^ Ballif BA, Arnaud L, Arthur WT, Guris D, Imamoto A, Cooper JA (April 2004), “Activation of a Dab1/CrkL/C3G/Rap1 pathway in Reelin-stimulated neurons”, Curr. Biol. 14 (7): 606–10, doi:10.1016/j.cub.2004.03.038, PMID 15062102
- ^ Park TJ, Curran T (December 2008), “Crk and crk-like play essential overlapping roles downstream of disabled-1 in the reelin pathway”, J. Neurosci. 28 (50): 13551–62, doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.4323-08.2008, PMC 2628718, PMID 19074029
- ^ Lugli G, Krueger JM, Davis JM, Persico AM, Keller F, Smalheiser NR (September 2003), “Methodological factors influencing measurement and processing of plasma reelin in humans”, BMC Biochem. 4: 9, doi:10.1186/1471-2091-4-9, PMC 200967, PMID 12959647
- ^ Hibi T, Hattori M (March 2009), “The N-terminal fragment of Reelin is generated after endocytosis and released through the pathway regulated by Rab11”, FEBS Lett. 583 (8): 1299–303, doi:10.1016/j.febslet.2009.03.024, PMID 19303411
- ^ Chameau P, Inta D, Vitalis T, Monyer H, Wadman WJ, van Hooft JA (April 2009), “The N-terminal region of reelin regulates postnatal dendritic maturation of cortical pyramidal neurons”, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 106 (17): 7227–32, doi:10.1073/pnas.0810764106, PMC 2678467, PMID 19366679
- ^ Chai X, Förster E, Zhao S, Bock HH, Frotscher M (January 2009), “Reelin stabilizes the actin cytoskeleton of neuronal processes by inducing n-cofilin phosphorylation at serine3”, J. Neurosci. 29 (1): 288–99, doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2934-08.2009, PMID 19129405
- ^ Frotscher M, Chai X, Bock HH, Haas CA, Förster E, Zhao S (April 2009), “Role of Reelin in the development and maintenance of cortical lamination”, J. Neural. Transm. 116 (11): 1451–5, doi:10.1007/s00702-009-0228-7, PMID 19396394
- ^ Arnaud L, Ballif BA, Cooper JA (December 2003), “Regulation of protein tyrosine kinase signaling by substrate degradation during brain development”, Mol. Cell. Biol. 23 (24): 9293–302, doi:10.1128/MCB.23.24.9293-9302.2003, PMC 309695, PMID 14645539
- ^ Ohshima T, Suzuki H, Morimura T, Ogawa M, Mikoshiba K (April 2007), “Modulation of Reelin signaling by Cyclin-dependent kinase 5”, Brain Res. 1140: 84–95, doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2006.01.121, PMID 16529723
- ^ Keshvara L, Magdaleno S, Benhayon D, Curran T (June 2002), “Cyclin-dependent kinase 5 phosphorylates disabled 1 independently of Reelin signaling”, J. Neurosci. 22 (12): 4869–77, PMID 12077184
- ^ Kobayashi S, Ishiguro K, Omori A, Takamatsu M, Arioka M, Imahori K, Uchida T (December 1993), “A cdc2-related kinase PSSALRE/cdk5 is homologous with the 30 kDa subunit of tau protein kinase II, a proline-directed protein kinase associated with microtubule”, FEBS Lett. 335 (2): 171–5, doi:10.1016/0014-5793(93)80723-8, PMID 8253190
- ^ Beffert U, Morfini G, Bock HH, Reyna H, Brady ST, Herz J (December 2002), “Reelin-mediated signaling locally regulates protein kinase B/Akt and glycogen synthase kinase 3beta”, J. Biol. Chem. 277 (51): 49958–64, doi:10.1074/jbc.M209205200, PMID 12376533
- ^ Sasaki S, Shionoya A, Ishida M, Gambello MJ, Yingling J, Wynshaw-Boris A, Hirotsune S (December 2000), “A LIS1/NUDEL/cytoplasmic dynein heavy chain complex in the developing and adult nervous system”, Neuron 28 (3): 681–96, doi:10.1016/S0896-6273(00)00146-X, PMID 11163259
- ^ a b Beffert U, Weeber EJ, Morfini G, Ko J, Brady ST, Tsai LH, Sweatt JD, Herz J (February 2004), “Reelin and cyclin-dependent kinase 5-dependent signals cooperate in regulating neuronal migration and synaptic transmission”, J. Neurosci. 24 (8): 1897–906, doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.4084-03.2004, PMID 14985430
- ^ Ohshima T, Ogawa M, Veeranna, Hirasawa M, Longenecker G, Ishiguro K, Pant HC, Brady RO, Kulkarni AB, Mikoshiba K (February 2001), “Synergistic contributions of cyclin-dependant kinase 5/p35 and Reelin/Dab1 to the positioning of cortical neurons in the developing mouse brain”, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 98 (5): 2764–9, doi:10.1073/pnas.051628498, PMC 30213, PMID 11226314
- ^ Hong SE, Shugart YY, Huang DT, et al. (September 2000), “Autosomal recessive lissencephaly with cerebellar hypoplasia is associated with human RELN mutations”, Nat. Genet. 26 (1): 93–6, doi:10.1038/79246, PMID 10973257
- ^ Crino P (November 2001), “New RELN Mutation Associated with Lissencephaly and Epilepsy”, Epilepsy Curr. 1 (2): 72, doi:10.1046/j.1535-7597.2001.00017.x, PMC 320825, PMID 15309195
- ^ Impagnatiello F, Guidotti AR, Pesold C, et al. (December 1998), “A decrease of reelin expression as a putative vulnerability factor in schizophrenia”, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 95 (26): 15718–23, doi:10.1073/pnas.95.26.15718, PMC 28110, PMID 9861036
- ^ a b Guidotti A, Auta J, Davis JM, et al. (November 2000), “Decrease in reelin and glutamic acid decarboxylase67 (GAD67) expression in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder: a postmortem brain study”, Arch. Gen. Psychiatry 57 (11): 1061–9, doi:10.1001/archpsyc.57.11.1061, PMID 11074872
- ^ Fatemi SH, Earle JA, McMenomy T (November 2000), “Reduction in Reelin immunoreactivity in hippocampus of subjects with schizophrenia, bipolar disorder and major depression”, Mol. Psychiatry 5 (6): 654–63, 571, doi:10.1038/sj.mp.4000783, PMID 11126396
- ^ a b Fatemi SH, Hossein Fatemi S, Stary JM, Earle JA, Araghi-Niknam M, Eagan E (January 2005), “GABAergic dysfunction in schizophrenia and mood disorders as reflected by decreased levels of glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 and 67 kDa and Reelin proteins in cerebellum”, Schizophr. Res. 72 (2-3): 109–22, doi:10.1016/j.schres.2004.02.017, PMID 15560956
- ^ a b Veldic M, Kadriu B, Maloku E, Agis-Balboa RC, Guidotti A, Davis JM, Costa E (March 2007), “Epigenetic mechanisms expressed in basal ganglia GABAergic neurons differentiate schizophrenia from bipolar disorder”, Schizophr. Res. 91 (1-3): 51–61, doi:10.1016/j.schres.2006.11.029, PMC 1876737, PMID 17270400
- ^ Eastwood SL, Harrison PJ (September 2003), “Interstitial white matter neurons express less reelin and are abnormally distributed in schizophrenia: towards an integration of molecular and morphologic aspects of the neurodevelopmental hypothesis”, Mol. Psychiatry 8 (9): 769, 821–31, doi:10.1038/sj.mp.4001371, PMID 12931209
- ^ Abdolmaleky HM, Cheng KH, Russo A, et al. (April 2005), “Hypermethylation of the reelin (RELN) promoter in the brain of schizophrenic patients: a preliminary report”, Am. J. Med. Genet. B Neuropsychiatr. Genet. 134B (1): 60–6, doi:10.1002/ajmg.b.30140, PMID 15717292
- ^ Fatemi SH, Kroll JL, Stary JM (October 2001), “Altered levels of Reelin and its isoforms in schizophrenia and mood disorders”, Neuroreport 12 (15): 3209–15, doi:10.1097/00001756-200110290-00014, PMID 11711858
- ^ Knable MB, Torrey EF, Webster MJ, Bartko JJ (July 2001), “Multivariate analysis of prefrontal cortical data from the Stanley Foundation Neuropathology Consortium”, Brain Res. Bull. 55 (5): 651–9, doi:10.1016/S0361-9230(01)00521-4, PMID 11576762
- ^ Persico AM, D'Agruma L, Maiorano N, Totaro A, Militerni R, Bravaccio C, Wassink TH, Schneider C, Melmed R, Trillo S, Montecchi F, Palermo M, Pascucci T, Puglisi-Allegra S, Reichelt KL, Conciatori M, Marino R, Quattrocchi CC, Baldi A, Zelante L, Gasparini P, Keller F (March 2001), “Reelin gene alleles and haplotypes as a factor predisposing to autistic disorder”, Mol. Psychiatry 6 (2): 150–9, doi:10.1038/sj.mp.4000850, PMID 11317216
- ^ Haas CA, Dudeck O, Kirsch M, et al. (July 2002), “Role for reelin in the development of granule cell dispersion in temporal lobe epilepsy”, J. Neurosci. 22 (14): 5797–802, PMID 12122039
- ^ Heinrich C, Nitta N, Flubacher A, et al. (April 2006), “Reelin deficiency and displacement of mature neurons, but not neurogenesis, underlie the formation of granule cell dispersion in the epileptic hippocampus”, J. Neurosci. 26 (17): 4701–13, doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.5516-05.2006, PMID 16641251
- ^ Kobow K, Jeske I, Hildebrandt M, Hauke J, Hahnen E, Buslei R, Buchfelder M, Weigel D, Stefan H, Kasper B, Pauli E, Blümcke I (March 2009), “Increased Reelin Promoter Methylation Is Associated With Granule Cell Dispersion in Human Temporal Lobe Epilepsy”, J. Neuropathol. Exp. Neurol. 68 (4): 356–64, doi:10.1097/NEN.0b013e31819ba737, PMID 19287316
- ^ a b Herz J, Beffert U (October 2000), “Apolipoprotein E receptors: linking brain development and Alzheimer's disease”, Nat. Rev. Neurosci. 1 (1): 51–8, doi:10.1038/35036221, PMID 11252768
- ^ Herz J, Chen Y (November 2006), “Reelin, lipoprotein receptors and synaptic plasticity”, Nat. Rev. Neurosci. 7 (11): 850–9, doi:10.1038/nrn2009, PMID 17053810
- ^ Sato N, Fukushima N, Chang R, Matsubayashi H, Goggins M (February 2006), “Differential and epigenetic gene expression profiling identifies frequent disruption of the RELN pathway in pancreatic cancers.”, Gastroenterology 130 (2): 548–65, doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2005.11.008, PMID 16472607
- ^ Perrone G, Vincenzi B, Zagami M, Santini D, Panteri R, Flammia G, Verzi A, Lepanto D, Morini S, Russo A, Bazan V, Tomasino RM, Morello V, Tonini G, Rabitti C. (2007) Reelin expression in human prostate cancer: a marker of tumor aggressiveness based on correlation with grade. Modern Pathology. doi:10.1038/modpathol.3800743. PMID 17277764
- ^ Seigel GM, Hackam AS, Ganguly A, Mandell LM, Gonzalez-Fernandez F (2007), “Human embryonic and neuronal stem cell markers in retinoblastoma”, Mol. Vis. 13: 823–32, PMC 2768758, PMID 17615543
- ^ Schrauwen I, Ealy M, Huentelman MJ, Thys M, Homer N, Vanderstraeten K, Fransen E, Corneveaux JJ, Craig DW, Claustres M, Cremers CW, Dhooge I, Van de Heyning P, Vincent R, Offeciers E, Smith RJ, Van Camp G (February 2009), “A Genome-wide Analysis Identifies Genetic Variants in the RELN Gene Associated with Otosclerosis”, Am. J. Hum. Genet. 84 (3): 328–38, doi:10.1016/j.ajhg.2009.01.023, PMC 2667982, PMID 19230858
- ^ a b Smit-Rigter LA, Champagne DL, van Hooft JA (2009), “Lifelong impact of variations in maternal care on dendritic structure and function of cortical layer 2/3 pyramidal neurons in rat offspring”, PLoS ONE 4 (4): e5167, doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0005167, PMC 2663818, PMID 19357777
- ^ Wang GS, Hong CJ, Yen TY, Huang HY, Ou Y, Huang TN, Jung WG, Kuo TY, Sheng M, Wang TF, Hsueh YP (April 2004), “Transcriptional modification by a CASK-interacting nucleosome assembly protein”, Neuron 42 (1): 113–28, doi:10.1016/S0896-6273(04)00139-4, PMID 15066269
- ^ Weaver IC, Meaney MJ, Szyf M (February 2006), “Maternal care effects on the hippocampal transcriptome and anxiety-mediated behaviors in the offspring that are reversible in adulthood”, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 103 (9): 3480–5, doi:10.1073/pnas.0507526103, PMC 1413873, PMID 16484373
- ^ a b Lussier AL, Caruncho HJ, Kalynchuk LE (May 2009), “Repeated exposure to corticosterone, but not restraint, decreases the number of reelin-positive cells in the adult rat hippocampus”, Neurosci. Lett. 460 (2): 170–4, doi:10.1016/j.neulet.2009.05.050, PMID 19477232
- ^ Dong E, Nelson M, Grayson DR, Costa E, Guidotti A (August 2008), “Clozapine and sulpiride but not haloperidol or olanzapine activate brain DNA demethylation”, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 105 (36): 13614–9, doi:10.1073/pnas.0805493105, PMC 2533238, PMID 18757738
- ^ Fatemi SH, Reutiman TJ, Folsom TD (April 2009), “Chronic psychotropic drug treatment causes differential expression of Reelin signaling system in frontal cortex of rats”, Schizophr. Res. 111 (1-3): 138–52, doi:10.1016/j.schres.2009.03.002, PMID 19359144
- ^ Hiesberger T, Trommsdorff M, Howell BW, Goffinet A, Mumby MC, Cooper JA, Herz J (October 1999), “Direct binding of Reelin to VLDL receptor and ApoE receptor 2 induces tyrosine phosphorylation of disabled-1 and modulates tau phosphorylation”, Neuron 24 (2): 481–9, doi:10.1016/S0896-6273(00)80861-2, PMID 10571241
- ^ D'Arcangelo G, Homayouni R, Keshvara L, Rice DS, Sheldon M, Curran T (October 1999), “Reelin is a ligand for lipoprotein receptors”, Neuron 24 (2): 471–9, doi:10.1016/S0896-6273(00)80860-0, PMID 10571240
- ^ Andersen, Olav M; Benhayon David, Curran Tom, Willnow Thomas E (Aug. 2003), “Differential binding of ligands to the apolipoprotein E receptor 2”, Biochemistry (United States) 42 (31): 9355–64, doi:10.1021/bi034475p, ISSN 0006-2960, PMID 12899622
- ^ Benhayon, David; Magdaleno Susan, Curran Tom (Apr. 2003), “Binding of purified Reelin to ApoER2 and VLDLR mediates tyrosine phosphorylation of Disabled-1”, Brain Res. Mol. Brain Res. (Netherlands) 112 (1-2): 33–45, doi:10.1016/S0169-328X(03)00032-9, ISSN 0169-328X, PMID 12670700
- Reelinのページへのリンク