This CSS level 3 module describes how lists are styled.
Status of this document
This document is a draft of one of the "modules" [CSS3INTRO] for the upcoming CSS3 specification. It
extends, but also proposes changes to the functionality provided by the
existing CSS level 2.
This document is a working draft of the CSS working group which is part of
the style activity (see summary).
Comments on, and discussions of this draft can be sent on the (archived) public
mailing list www-style@w3.org (see
instructions). W3C Members can
also send comments directly to the CSS working group.
This is a working draft and may therefore be updated, replaced or rendered
obsolete by other W3C documents at any time. It is inappropriate to use W3C
Working Drafts as reference material or to cite them as other than "work in
progress". Its publication does not imply endorsement by the W3C membership
or the CSS Working Group (members only).
To find the latest version of this working draft, please follow the
"Latest version" link above, or visit the list of W3C Technical Reports.
Patent disclosures relevant to CSS may be found on the Working Group's
public patent disclosure
page.
This document may be available in translations in the future. The English
version of this specification is the only normative version.
The list model in this module differs in some important ways from the list
model in CSS2, specifically in its handling of markers. Implementation
experience suggested the CSS2 model overloaded the ::before and ::after
pseudo-elements with too much behavior, while at the same time introducing
new properties when existing properties were sufficient.
Most block-level elements in CSS generate one principal block box. In this
module, we discuss two CSS mechanisms that cause an element to have an
associated marker: one method associates one principal block box (for the
element's content) with a separate marker box (for decoration such as a
bullet, image, or number), and the other inserts a marker box into the
principal box. Unlike :before and :after content, the marker box cannot
affect the position of the principal box, whatever the positioning scheme.
For instance, the following example illustrates how markers may be used to
add parentheses around each numbered list item. This HTML application and
style sheet:
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0//EN">
<HTML>
<HEAD>
<TITLE>Creating a list with markers</TITLE>
<STYLE type="text/css">
LI::marker { content: "(" counter(list-item, lower-roman) ")"; }
LI { display: list-item; }
</STYLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY>
<OL>
<LI> This is the first item. </LI>
<LI> This is the second item. </LI>
<LI> This is the third item. </LI>
</OL>
</BODY>
</HTML>
should produce something like this:
(i) This is the first item.
(ii) This is the second item.
(iii) This is the third item.
With descendant selectors and child selectors, it's possible to specify
different marker types depending on the depth of embedded lists.
A future release of this module will probably include ways
to render tree lists.
3. Declaring a List Item
To declare a list item, the 'display'
property should be set to 'list-item'. This, in addition to generating a
::marker pseudo-element and enabling the properties
described below for that element, causes that element to increment the list
item counter list-item. (This does not affect the
specified or computed values of the counter properties.)
The list-item counter is a real counter, and can
be directly affected using the 'counter-increment' and 'counter-reset' properties. It can also be used in
the counter() and counters() function forms.
The CSS3 box module may define other 'display' values which generate a list marker. These
should also affect the 'list-item' counter.
Note that this new model makes the marker display
type redundant. That display type is therefore obsolete in the CSS3 Lists
model.
This property specifies the default appearance of the list item marker if
'list-style-image' has the value 'none'
or if the image pointed to by the URI cannot be displayed. The value 'none'
specifies no marker, otherwise there are six types of marker: glyphs,
algorithmic systems, numeric systems, alphabetic systems, symbolic systems,
and non-repeating systems.
Glyphs are single characters, whereas algorithmic, numeric, alphabetic,
symbolic and non-repeating systems are designed so that each item in that
style gets a deterministicly different marker. This makes lists easier to
navigate.
Most numbering systems have a suffix defined. It is used when generating
the default content for the marker.
normal
Causes the list-style-type of the counter to be used, as declared by the
appropriate @counter rule. In the context of an
@counter rule, equivalent to decimal.
Other values are defined in the following sections. User agents should
follow these algorithms unless a more normative source is found.
4.1. Glyphs
All markers with the same glyph style should use the same glyph. To obtain
other glyphs, authors should use the 'content'
property of the ::marker pseudo-element.
A hollow square. (like □ U+25A1 WHITE SQUARE, ◻ U+25FB
WHITE MEDIUM SQUARE, or ◽ U+25FD WHITE MEDIUM SMALL SQUARE)
check
A check mark. On interactive media, it is suggested that the same glyph
which is used on the platform to render a checked menu item be used for
'check'. (like ✓ U+2713 CHECK MARK)
circle
A hollow circle. (like ◦ U+25E6 WHITE BULLET)
diamond
A filled diamond. On interactive media, it is suggested that the same
glyph which is used on the platform next to a selected menu item be used for
'diamond'. On some platforms, this is similar to 'disc'. (like ◆
U+25C6 BLACK DIAMOND or ♦ U+2666 BLACK DIAMOND SUIT)
disc
A filled circle. (like • U+2022 BULLET)
hyphen
A hyphen bullet. (like ⁃ U+2043 HYPHEN BULLET or – U+2013
EN DASH)
square
A filled square. (like ■ U+25A0 BLACK SQUARE, ◼ U+25FC
BLACK MEDIUM SQUARE, or ◾ U+25FE BLACK MEDIUM SMALL SQUARE)
The definitions above may be removed and made UA-dependent if it is found
that there are discrepancies in the existing implementations.
We could add more values, there are certainly plenty to choose from in
UNICODE. How about a star? Or a triangle? Note that the stylesheet of this
document uses triangular bullets for notes, and yet that can only be
described using a pseudo-element, content property, and unicode escape. Is
that too much effort for a simple triangle?
A future level of CSS may provide a way to specify different bullet types
at arbitrary nesting levels. The Working Group considered adding an auto value with the following
definition, but decided not to include it in this release: "The auto value is intended to cause the UA to use a list
numbering style different from that of the nearest ancestor list-item element. The exact rendering depends on the user
agent."
Glyphs have no suffix.
4.2. Algorithmic
Algorithmic systems are the most complicated and are described first. For
these algorithms, it is assumed that the rendering engine will apply the
bidirectionality algorithm after generating the numeric strings.
Note: Readers not accustomed to reading bidirectional text
should pay close attention to the directionality of characters versus their
associated UNICODE codepoints. All codepoints are given in logical order, but
example strings in this document should be rendered in correct reading order.
This is a simple additive system defined for the range 1 to 99999999. The
digits are split into two groups of four (if there are less than eight
digits, the least significant group is filled first). Within each group,
appropriate digits are picked from the following list (at most one per
column) and written in descending order by value (thousands first). Any
characters in the most significant group are then combined with a circumflex
accent, ◌̂ U+0302.
Lower-armenian numbering system
Thousands
Hundreds
Tens
Units
Values
Codepoints
Values
Codepoints
Values
Codepoints
Values
Codepoints
1000
ռ
U+057C
100
ճ
U+0573
10
ժ
U+056A
1
ա
U+0561
2000
ս
U+057D
200
մ
U+0574
20
ի
U+056B
2
բ
U+0562
3000
վ
U+057E
300
յ
U+0575
30
լ
U+056C
3
գ
U+0563
4000
տ
U+057F
400
ն
U+0576
40
խ
U+056D
4
դ
U+0564
5000
ր
U+0580
500
շ
U+0577
50
ծ
U+056E
5
ե
U+0565
6000
ց
U+0581
600
ո
U+0578
60
կ
U+056F
6
զ
U+0566
7000
ու
U+0578 U+0582
700
չ
U+0579
70
հ
U+0570
7
է
U+0567
8000
փ
U+0583
800
պ
U+057A
80
ձ
U+0571
8
ը
U+0568
9000
ք
U+0584
900
ջ
U+057B
90
ղ
U+0572
9
թ
U+0569
The two characters for the 7000 digit should be combined and rendered as
one character. When the U+0302 character combines with the 7000 characters,
it does so as if the two characters were one.
The suffix for the armenian numbering system is a dot . U+002E.
Numbers outside the range of the armenian system are rendered using the
decimal numbering style.
Decimal 7482951 in lower-armenian is
ու̂ն̂ձ̂սջծա
U+0578 U+0582 U+0302 U+0576 U+0302 U+0571 U+0302 U+057D U+057B U+056E U+0561.
cjk-ideographic
The cjk-ideographic algorithm is used by several numbering systems, using
different sets of digits. These systems are defined for numbers greater than
or equal to 0 and less than 1016. Numbers less than zero or equal
to or greater than 1016 should use the decimal system. The core
algorithm is as follows:
Split the decimal number into groups of four digits, starting with the
least significant digit.
Ignoring groups that have the value zero, append the second group marker
to the second group, the third group marker to the third group, and the
fourth group marker to the fourth group. These markers are defined in the
tables for the specific numbering systems. The first group has no marker.
For each group, ignoring digits that have the value zero, append the
second digit marker to the second digit, the third digit marker to the third
digit, and the fourth digit marker to the fourth digit. These markers are
defined in the tables for the specific numbering systems. The first digit has
no marker.
For any group with a value less than 20, remove the second digit (the 1
in the tens column). Leave any associated markers.
Concatenate the groups back into a single string, least significant group
last.
Collapse any consecutive runs of 0 digits to a single 0.
Replace each digit with the relevant character selected from the
numbering system's table.
The suffix for the cjk-ideographic numbering systems is a dot .
U+002E. Is there a better suffix to use?
If specified explicitly, the cjk-ideograph keyword should be handled like
trad-chinese-informal.
ethiopic-numeric
The following algorithm converts decimal digits to ethiopic numbers.
Split the number into groups of two digits, starting with the least
significant decimal digit.
Number each group sequentially, starting from the least significant as
group number zero.
If the group has an odd number (as given in the previous step) and has
the value 1, or if the group is the most significant one and has the value 1,
or if the group has the value zero, then remove the digit (but leave the
group, so it still has a separator appended below).
For each remaining digit, substitute the relevant ethiopic character from
the list below.
Ethiopic numbering system
Tens
Units
Values
Codepoints
Values
Codepoints
10
፲
U+1372
1
፩
U+1369
20
፳
U+1373
2
፪
U+136A
30
፴
U+1374
3
፫
U+136B
40
፵
U+1375
4
፬
U+136C
50
፶
U+1376
5
፭
U+136D
60
፷
U+1377
6
፮
U+136E
70
፸
U+1378
7
፯
U+136F
80
፹
U+1379
8
፰
U+1370
90
፺
U+137A
9
፱
U+1371
For each group with an odd number (as given in the second step), append
፻ U+137B.
For each group with an even number (as given in the second step), except
the group with number 0, append ፼ U+137C.
Concatenate the groups into one string.
This system is defined for all numbers greater than zero. For zero and
negative numbers, the decimal system is used instead.
The suffix for the ethiopic-numeric numbering systems is a dot .
U+002E. Is there a better suffix to use? The
alphabetic ethiopic systems use a different suffix.
The decimal number 100, in ethiopic, is ፻ U+137B
The decimal number 78010092, in ethiopic, is
፸፰፻፩፼፻፺፪ U+1378
U+1370 U+137B U+1369 U+137C U+137B
U+137A U+136A.
The decimal number 780000001092, in ethiopic, is
፸፰፻፩፼፻፼፻፺፪
U+1378 U+1370 U+137B U+1369 U+137C U+137B
U+137C U+137B U+137A U+136A.
georgian
This is a simple additive system (like armenian) defined only for the
range 1 to 19999. The appropriate digits are picked from the following list
(at most one per column) and written in descending order by value (tens of
thousands first).
Georgian numbering system
Tens of Thousands
Thousands
Hundreds
Tens
Units
Values
Codepoints
Values
Codepoints
Values
Codepoints
Values
Codepoints
Values
Codepoints
10000
ჯ
U+10EF
1000
შ
U+10E8
100
რ
U+10E0
10
ი
U+10D8
1
ა
U+10D0
2000
ჩ
U+10E9
200
ს
U+10E1
20
კ
U+10D9
2
ბ
U+10D1
3000
ც
U+10EA
300
ტ
U+10E2
30
ლ
U+10DA
3
გ
U+10D2
4000
ძ
U+10EB
400
უ
U+10E3
40
მ
U+10DB
4
დ
U+10D3
5000
წ
U+10EC
500
ჳ
U+10F3
50
ნ
U+10DC
5
ე
U+10D4
6000
ჭ
U+10ED
600
ფ
U+10E4
60
ჲ
U+10F2
6
ვ
U+10D5
7000
ხ
U+10EE
700
ქ
U+10E5
70
ო
U+10DD
7
ზ
U+10D6
8000
ჴ
U+10F4
800
ღ
U+10E6
80
პ
U+10DE
8
ჱ
U+10F1
9000
ჵ
U+10F5
900
ყ
U+10E7
90
ჟ
U+10DF
9
თ
U+10D7
Note that these codepoints are not all sequential.
The suffix for the georgian numbering system is a dot . U+002E.
Numbers outside the range of the georgian system are rendered using the
decimal numbering style.
hebrew
Due to the complexities of the hebrew system, an exact algorithm is not
given here, only a description of the rules that implementations should
respect. The hebrew system is based on addition and is only defined for
positive numbers and zero. If someone can come up with a
correct exact algorithm, then I would be happy to include it. Note: These
rules have an error. I am waiting to get confirmation of how to fix
them.
For each group of three digits in the decimal system, the requisite
numbers are selected from the following list.
Hebrew numbering system
Hundreds
Tens
Units
Values
Codepoints
Values
Codepoints
Values
Codepoints
100
ק
U+05E7
10
י
U+05D9
1
א
U+05D0
200
ר
U+05E8
20
כ
U+05DB
2
ב
U+05D1
300
ש
U+05E9
30
ל
U+05DC
3
ג
U+05D2
400
ת
U+05EA
40
מ
U+05DE
4
ד
U+05D3
500
תק
U+05EA U+05E7
50
נ
U+05E0
5
ה
U+05D4
600
תר
U+05EA U+05E8
60
ס
U+05E1
6
ו
U+05D5
700
תש
U+05EA U+05E9
70
ע
U+05E2
7
ז
U+05D6
800
תת
U+05EA U+05EA
80
פ
U+05E4
8
ח
U+05D7
900
תתק
U+05EA U+05EA U+05E7
90
צ
U+05E6
9
ט
U+05D8
Groups for more significant numbers are placed before groups for less
significant numbers (as in the decimal system). Each group is separated by a
space U+0020.
If the last two digits of a group (when represented in decimal) are 15 or
16, they should be expressed not as יה U+05D9 U+05D4 (10+5) and
יו U+05D9 U+05D5 (10+6), but as טו U+05D8 U+05D5
(9+6) and טז U+05D8 U+05D6 (9+7). This is done to avoid a close
resemblance to the Tetragrammaton (four-letter name of God)
יהוה U+05D9 U+05D4 U+05D5 U+05D4. Although this
convention is originally derived from religious practice, it is universally
used even in completely secular contexts.
The numerical value of each letter is fixed and not determined by
position, so reordering a number group will not change its value. This may be
done when a number spells out a word with negative connotations. For
instance, 298, רצח U+05E8 U+05E6 U+05D7 (200+90+8), is
the Hebrew for "murder", so it is sometimes written as
רחצ U+05E8 U+05D7 U+05E6 (200+8+90). Words are sometimes
similarly rearranged when a reordered form has especially positive
connotations, for example 18, יח U+05D9 U+05D7 (10+8) is often
written as חי U+05D7 U+05D9 (8+10), the Hebrew for "alive".
Unlike the exception for 15 and 16, using the regular form in these cases is
not considered an error.
When a group or set of adjacent groups would have the numerical value
zero, the word for "thousands", אלפי U+05D0
U+05DC U+05E4 U+05D9, is repeatedly inserted, one for each group up to the
zero. The final group of thousands in a chain has a final form ם
U+05DD appended at the end. For instance the decimal number 3000123 would be
represented as
ג אלפי אלפים קכג
U+05D2 U+0020 U+05D0 U+05DC U+05E4 U+05D9 U+0020 U+05D0 U+05DC U+05E4 U+05D9
U+05DD U+0020 U+05E7 U+05DB U+05D2 (3, space, thousands, space, thousands
with final form, space, 100+20+3). For grammatical reasons, the first
"thousands" word after a group consisting of only the number 1 is represented
by אלף U+05D0 U+05DC U+05E3. It does not have the final
ם U+05DD appended, even if it occurs on its own. The number 2000 at
the end of the number is represented by
אלפיים U+05D0 U+05DC U+05E4 U+05D9
U+05D9 U+05DD (and does not get anything else appended at the end). The
number 2 is not otherwise special (for example 2000000 is simply
ב אלפי אלפים
U+05D1 U+0020 U+05D0 U+05DC U+05E4 U+05D9 U+0020 U+05D0 U+05DC U+05E4 U+05D9
U+05DD (2, space, thousands, space, thousands with final form).
Some text about geresh/gershayim is commented out here.
For zero, the word אפס U+05D0 U+05E4 U+05E1 is used.
The suffix for the hebrew numbering system is a dot . U+002E.
For numbers less than zero, the 'decimal' system is used instead.
This table shows the decimal number in the first cell, and the equivalent
hebrew number in the second.
Decimal
Hebrew
-3
-3
-2
-2
-1
-1
0
אפס
1
א
2
ב
3
ג
4
ד
5
ה
97
צז
98
צח
99
צט
100
ק
101
קא
944
תתקמד
945
תתקמה
946
תתקמו
999
תתקצט
1000
אלף
1001
א א
1998
א תתקצח
1999
א תתקצט
2000
אלפיים
2001
ב א
2003
ב ג
2748
ב תשמח
2750
ב תשנ
1000000
אלף אלפים
1500000
א תק אלפים
2000000
ב אלפי אלפים
9999999
ט תתקצט תתקצט
10000212
י אלפי אלפים ריב
10000425
י אלפי אלפים תכה
10000851
י אלפי אלפים תתנא
10001064
י א סד
10001277
י א רעז
980000002000
תתקפ אלפי אלפי אלפים אלפיים
990000002000
תתקצ אלפי אלפי אלפים אלפיים
1000000000000
אלף אלפי אלפי אלפים
1000500000000
אלף אלפי אלפי אלפים תק אלפי אלפים
1000500002000
אלף אלפי אלפי אלפים תק אלפיים
1003000000000
א ג אלפי אלפי אלפים
1047500002000
א מז תק אלפיים
4823885215073
ד תתכג תתפה רטו עג
5249872460970
ה רמט תתעב תס תתקע
This example (like all other examples) is non-normative. If one of the
numbers above is inconsistent with the rules described above, then the
example should be disregarded.
japanese-formal
This uses the cjk-ideographic system with the following table.
Formal Japanese numbering system
Values
Codepoints
Second Group Marker
万
U+4E07
Third Group Marker
億
U+5104
Fourth Group Marker
兆
U+5146
Second Digit Marker
拾
U+62FE
Third Digit Marker
佰
U+4F70
Fourth Digit Marker
仟
U+4EDF
Digit 0
零
U+96F6
Digit 1
壹
U+58F9
Digit 2
貳
U+8CB3
Digit 3
參
U+53C3
Digit 4
肆
U+8086
Digit 5
伍
U+4F0D
Digit 6
陸
U+9678
Digit 7
柒
U+67D2
Digit 8
捌
U+634C
Digit 9
玖
U+7396
japanese-informal
This uses the cjk-ideographic system with the following table.
Informal Japanese numbering system
Values
Codepoints
Second Group Marker
萬
U+842C
Third Group Marker
億
U+5104
Fourth Group Marker
兆
U+5146
Second Digit Marker
萬
U+842C
Third Digit Marker
億
U+5104
Fourth Digit Marker
兆
U+5146
Digit 0
零
U+96F6
Digit 1
壹
U+58F9
Digit 2
贰
U+8D30
Digit 3
叁
U+53C1
Digit 4
肆
U+8086
Digit 5
伍
U+4F0D
Digit 6
陆
U+9646
Digit 7
柒
U+67D2
Digit 8
捌
U+634C
Digit 9
玖
U+7396
lower-roman
The algorithm for this numbering style is identical to the upper-roman style but using ⅰ-ⅿ
U+2170-U+217F instead of Ⅰ-Ⅿ U+2160-U+216F, and ignoring step 2
(i.e. not treating numbers 1000-40000 in a special way, since there are no
lowercase equivalents to ↁ U+2181 and ↂ U+2182).
simp-chinese-formal
This uses the cjk-ideographic system with the following table.
Formal simple Chinese numbering system
Values
Codepoints
Second Group Marker
万
U+4E07
Third Group Marker
億
U+5104
Fourth Group Marker
兆
U+5146
Second Digit Marker
万
U+4E07
Third Digit Marker
亿
U+4EBF
Fourth Digit Marker
兆
U+5146
Digit 0
零
U+96F6
Digit 1
壹
U+58F9
Digit 2
貳
U+8CB3
Digit 3
參
U+53C3
Digit 4
肆
U+8086
Digit 5
伍
U+4F0D
Digit 6
陸
U+9678
Digit 7
柒
U+67D2
Digit 8
捌
U+634C
Digit 9
玖
U+7396
simp-chinese-informal
This uses the cjk-ideographic system with the following table.
Informal simple Chinese numbering system
Values
Codepoints
Second Group Marker
萬
U+842C
Third Group Marker
億
U+5104
Fourth Group Marker
兆
U+5146
Second Digit Marker
萬
U+842C
Third Digit Marker
億
U+5104
Fourth Digit Marker
兆
U+5146
Digit 0
零
U+96F6
Digit 1
壹
U+58F9
Digit 2
貳
U+8CB3
Digit 3
參
U+53C3
Digit 4
肆
U+8086
Digit 5
伍
U+4F0D
Digit 6
陸
U+9678
Digit 7
柒
U+67D2
Digit 8
捌
U+634C
Digit 9
玖
U+7396
syriac
The Syriac number system is capable of representing numbers greater than
0 and less than 1010. The following algorithm should be used to
convert a number to the syriac system:
Divide the original number by 10000000.
If the resulting number has a non-zero hundreds digit, add to the string
the following characters, according to the value of the hundreds digit:
Value
Codepoints
1
ܩ̭
U+0729 U+032D
2
ܪ̭
U+072A U+032D
3
ܫ̭
U+072B U+032D
4
ܬ̭
U+072C U+032D
5
ܬ̭ܪ̭
U+072C U+032D U+072A U+032D
6
ܬ̭ܩ̭
U+072C U+032D U+0729 U+032D
7
ܬ̭ܫ̭
U+072C U+032D U+072B U+032D
8
ܬ̭ܬ̭
U+072C U+032D U+072C U+032D
9
ܬ̭ܬ̭ܩ̭
U+072C U+032D U+072C U+032D U+0729 U+032D
If the resulting number has a non-zero tens digit, add to the string the
following characters, according to the value of the tens digit:
Value
Codepoints
1
ܝ̭
U+071D U+032D
2
ܟ̭
U+071F U+032D
3
ܠ̭
U+0720 U+032D
4
ܡ̭
U+0721 U+032D
5
ܢ̭
U+0722 U+032D
6
ܣ̭
U+0723 U+032D
7
ܦ̭
U+0726 U+032D
8
ܦ̭
U+0726 U+032D
9
ܨ̭
U+0728 U+032D
If the resulting number has a non-zero ones digit, add to the string the
following characters, according to the value of the ones digit:
Value
Codepoints
1
ܐ̭
U+0710 U+032D
2
ܒ̭
U+0712 U+032D
3
ܣ̭
U+0723 U+032D
4
ܕ̭
U+0715 U+032D
5
ܗ̭
U+0717 U+032D
6
ܘ̭
U+0718 U+032D
7
ܙ̭
U+0719 U+032D
8
ܚ̭
U+071A U+032D
9
ܛ̭
U+071B U+032D
Divide the original number by 10,000. Follow steps 2 to 4, replacing the
character ◌̭ U+032D with ◌̱ U+0331.
Divide the original number by 1,000. Follow step 4, replacing the
character ◌̭ U+032D with ◌́ U+0301.
Apply steps 2 and 3 to the original number, omitting the ◌̭
U+032D character.
If the ones digit of the original number is zero, and the only character
in the string (including combining characters) is ܟ U+071F, ܡ
U+0721, or ܢ U+0722, add another instance of that character to the
string. Otherwise, if the ones digit of the original number is not zero,
apply step 4 to the original number, omitting the ◌̭ U+032D
character.
This assumes that numbers 10000 to 999999 are represented
using the combination of characters with the combining macron below. It is
possible to represent them using the combination of characters with the
combining acute accent, as well. Which form is preferred in practice?
The suffix for the syriac numbering system is a dot . U+002E.
Numbers outside the range of the syriac system are rendered using the
decimal numbering style.
tamil
This system is defined for numbers in the range of 1 to 9999 inclusive,
for numbers outside this range, the decimal system should be used instead.
Tamil uses a combination of multiplication and addition, using the following
algorithm:
Insert ௲ U+0BF2 between the fourth digit and the third digit if
there is a fourth digit, counting from the least significant digit. (If the
number is greater than 999.)
Insert ௱ U+0BF1 between the third digit and the second digit if
there is a third digit, counting from the least significant digit. (If the
number is greater than 99.)
Insert ௰ U+0BF0 between the second digit and the first digit if
there is a second digit, counting from the least significant digit. (If the
number is greater than 9.)
Each decimal digit is substituted for a tamil digit using the table
below. Occurances of the decimal 0 character are dropped.
Tamil numbering system
Values
Codepoints
1
௧
U0BE79
2
௨
U+0BE8
3
௩
U+0BE9
4
௪
U+0BEA
5
௫
U+0BEB
6
௬
U+0BEC
7
௭
U+0BED
8
௮
U+0BEE
9
௯
U+0BEF
The suffix for the tamil numbering system is a dot . U+002E.
Numbers outside the range of the tamil system are rendered using the
decimal numbering style.
The number 420, in tamil, is written ௪௱௨௰
U+0BEA U+0BF1 U+0BE8 U+0BF0.
trad-chinese-formal
This uses the cjk-ideographic system with the following table.
Formal Traditional Chinese numbering system
Values
Codepoints
Second Group Marker
万
U+4E07
Third Group Marker
亿
U+4EBF
Fourth Group Marker
兆
U+5146
Second Digit Marker
万
U+4E07
Third Digit Marker
亿
U+4EBF
Fourth Digit Marker
兆
U+5146
Digit 0
零
U+96F6
Digit 1
一
U+4E00
Digit 2
亼
U+4EBC
Digit 3
三
U+4E09
Digit 4
四
U+56DB
Digit 5
五
U+4E94
Digit 6
六
U+516D
Digit 7
七
U+4E03
Digit 8
八
U+516B
Digit 9
九
U+4E5D
trad-chinese-informal
This uses the cjk-ideographic system with the following table.
Informal traditional Chinese numbering system
Values
Codepoints
Second Group Marker
萬
U+842C
Third Group Marker
億
U+5104
Fourth Group Marker
兆
U+5146
Second Digit Marker
萬
U+842C
Third Digit Marker
億
U+5104
Fourth Digit Marker
兆
U+5146
Digit 0
零
U+96F6
Digit 1
一
U+4E00
Digit 2
亼
U+4EBC
Digit 3
三
U+4E09
Digit 4
四
U+56DB
Digit 5
五
U+4E94
Digit 6
六
U+516D
Digit 7
七
U+4E03
Digit 8
八
U+516B
Digit 9
九
U+4E5D
upper-armenian
This system is identical to the lower-armenian system but uses the
following codepoints instead.
Upper-armenian numbering system
Thousands
Hundreds
Tens
Units
Values
Codepoints
Values
Codepoints
Values
Codepoints
Values
Codepoints
1000
Ռ
U+054C
100
Ճ
U+0543
10
Ժ
U+053A
1
Ա
U+0531
2000
Ս
U+054D
200
Մ
U+0544
20
Ի
U+053B
2
Բ
U+0532
3000
Վ
U+054E
300
Յ
U+0545
30
Լ
U+053C
3
Գ
U+0533
4000
Տ
U+054F
400
Ն
U+0546
40
Խ
U+053D
4
Դ
U+0534
5000
Ր
U+0550
500
Շ
U+0547
50
Ծ
U+053E
5
Ե
U+0535
6000
Ց
U+0551
600
Ո
U+0548
60
Կ
U+053F
6
Զ
U+0536
7000
ՈՒ
U+0548 U+0552
700
Չ
U+0549
70
Հ
U+0540
7
Է
U+0537
8000
Փ
U+0553
800
Պ
U+054A
80
Ձ
U+0541
8
Ը
U+0538
9000
Ք
U+0554
900
Ջ
U+054B
90
Ղ
U+0542
9
Թ
U+0539
There are two letters for 10,000 and 20,000 (U+0555 and
U+0556 respectively), but whether and how they should be used is unclear.
Decimal 7482951 in upper-armenian is
ՈՒ̂Ն̂Ձ̂ՍՋԾԱ
U+0548 U+0552 U+0302 U+0546 U+0302 U+0541 U+0302 U+054D U+054B U+053E U+0531.
upper-roman
Numbers are converted to roman numerals using the steps described below.
The phrase "take the three least significant numbers" means divide by 1000,
truncate (drop the fractional part), multiply by one thousand, and subtract
this from the original number. So the three least significant figures of 1004
is 4.
If the number is in the range 0 to 1000 inclusive, use the following
steps:
If the number is 1000, add Ⅿ U+216F and skip to the end.
If the number is 900 or more, add ⅭⅯ U+216D U+216F and
subtract 900.
If the number is 500 or more, add Ⅾ U+216E and subtract 500.
If the number is 400 or more, add ⅭⅮ U+216D U+216E and
subtract 400.
While the number is greater than or equal to 100, add Ⅽ U+216D and
subtract 100.
If the number is 90 or more, add ⅩⅭ U+2169 U+216D and
subtract 90.
If the number is 50 or more, add Ⅼ U+216C and subtract 50.
If the number is 40 or more, add ⅩⅬ U+2169 U+216C and
subtract 40.
While the number is greater than 12, add Ⅹ U+2169 and subtract 10.
If the number is greater than 0, then add the appropriate roman numeral
from Ⅰ U+2160 (1) to Ⅻ U+216B (12). For example, if the number
is 8, add Ⅷ U+2167.
If the number is in the range 1000 to 40000 exclusive, then take the
three least significant numbers and convert them using step 1. Then convert
the remainder using the following steps and prepend it to the result.
While the number is greater than or equal to 10000, add ↂ U+2182
and subtract 10000.
If the number is 9000, add Ⅿↂ U+216F U+2182 and skip to the
end.
If the number is 4000, add Ⅿↁ U+216F U+2181 and skip to the
end.
If the number is 5000 or more, add ↁ U+2181 and subtract 5000.
While the number is greater than 0, add Ⅿ U+216F and subtract
1000.
If the number is greater than 40000, then take the three least
significant figures and convert them using step 1, calling that the result.
Then convert the remainder by dividing it by 1000, passing it through the
entire algorithm starting at the top, adding an overbar to it, and prepending
it to the current result. For very large numbers, this step may be entered
several times, resulting in the first few characters of the result having
multiple overbars.
The suffix for roman numerals is a dot . U+002E.
Zero and negative numbers are rendered using the decimal numbering style.
For example, decimal 4294967296 is, in the upper-roman numbering style:
Similarly, decimal 15000 is ↂↁ (U+2182 U+2181) and decimal
-47 would be rendered as -47 (negative numbers do not have roman numeral
equivalents).
4.3. Numeric
Numeric and alphabetic systems use a simple repeating scheme. Each digit
is used in turn, and when the digits are exhausted, an extra column of digits
is added in front and all the combinations used up to that point are reused
for each of the digits. For example, if the digits are A, B and C, then the
sequence would be A, B, C, AA, AB, AC, BA, BB, BC, CA, CB, CC, AAA, AAB, AAC,
ABA, ABB, etc.
The difference between numeric and alphabetic systems is that numeric
systems have a zero value which is not a significant digit (1, 2, ... 9,
10, 11 ...), while alphabetic systems have no zero value and
their first digit is significant (A, B, ... Z, AA, AB ...). (An insignificant
digit is one which could be prefixed without changing the meaning of the
number. For example, 1 and 0001 are both representations of the number one,
while A and AAAA represent values 18278 positions apart.) Consequently,
numeric systems may go zero or negative, while alphabetic systems are only
defined for positive values. If an alphabetic system is selected to render
zero or a negative number then the decimal numbering style must be used instead.
Numeric systems are detailed in the table below. The value for "one" is
always the second character listed, the first character being the "zero"
value.
For all these systems, negative numbers are first converted as if they
were positive numbers, then have - U+002D prefixed.
Alphabetic systems are detailed in the next table. They are similar to
numeric systems, see the previous section for more details. The value for
"one" is always the first character listed, there being no "zero" value for
these systems. Note: Many of the codepoints in the following table are not
contiguous, and several systems in this table use a suffix other than a dot.
Symbolic systems use a very simple repeating scheme. Each symbol is used
in turn, and once the last symbol has been used, the same symbols are used
again but in pairs, and then in threes, and then fours, and so on.
<symbolic>
asterisks | footnotes
asterisks
Increasing numbers of asterisks (*, **,
***, ****, ...)
footnotes
Symbols used to denote footnotes (*, ⁑, †, ‡,
...)
Symbolic systems are detailed in the next table. Like glyphs, they have no
suffix.
Symbolic repeating systems
System
Characters
Codepoints
Notes
asterisks
*
U+002A
footnotes
* ⁑ † ‡
U+002A, U+2051, U+2020, U+2021
What about U+2042 ASTERISM?
For example, the first 14 digits of the footnotes system are *,
⁑, †, ‡, **, ⁑⁑,
††, ‡‡, ***,
⁑⁑⁑, †††, ‡‡‡,
****, ⁑⁑⁑⁑.
4.6. Non-repeating
The last kind of numbering system is non-repeating. These specify a one to
one mapping of numbers to UNICODE glyphs. These are only useful for limited
ranges of numbers, beyond which user agents must either synthesize the
missing glyphs or fall back on the decimal numbering style.
Should we explicitly define the rules for synthesis? Should
we forbid synthesis?
The mappings for each non-repeating system is described below. These
numbering systems do not have suffixes, as they typically contain their own
punctuation.
Non-repeating systems
System
Range
Codepoint Mapping
circled-decimal
0-20
Value
0
1
2
...
19
20
Character
⓪
①
②
...
⑲
⑳
Codepoint
U+24EA
U+2460
U+2461
...
U+2472
U+2473
circled-lower-latin
1-26
Value
1
2
3
...
25
26
Character
ⓐ
ⓑ
ⓒ
...
ⓨ
ⓩ
Codepoint
U+24D0
U+24D1
U+24D2
...
U+24E8
U+24E9
circled-upper-latin
1-26
Value
1
2
3
...
25
26
Character
Ⓐ
Ⓑ
Ⓒ
...
Ⓨ
Ⓩ
Codepoint
U+24B6
U+24B7
U+24B8
...
U+24CE
U+24CF
dotted-decimal
1-20
Value
1
2
3
...
19
20
Character
⒈
⒉
⒊
...
⒚
⒛
Codepoint
U+2488
U+2489
U+248A
...
U+249A
U+249B
double-circled-decimal
1-10
Value
1
2
3
...
9
10
Character
⓵
⓶
⓷
...
⓽
⓾
Codepoint
U+24F5
U+24F6
U+24F7
...
U+24FD
U+24FE
filled-circled-decimal
11-20
Value
11
12
13
...
19
20
Character
⓫
⓬
⓭
...
⓳
⓴
Codepoint
U+24EB
U+24EC
U+24ED
...
U+24F3
U+24F4
parenthesised-decimal
1-20
Value
1
2
3
...
19
20
Character
⑴
⑵
⑶
...
⒆
⒇
Codepoint
U+2474
U+2475
U+2476
...
U+2486
U+2487
parenthesised-lower-latin
1-26
Value
1
2
3
...
25
26
Character
⒜
⒝
⒞
...
⒴
⒵
Codepoint
U+249C
U+249D
U+249E
...
U+24B4
U+24B5
Note: The following systems and UNICODE characters have
not been given keywords: The superscript and subscript digits (starting at
U+2070), the tag characters (starting at U+E0001), the variation forms of
latin and greek characters (starting at U+1D400), the halfwidth and fullwidth
forms (starting at U+FF01), most of the dingbats (starting at U+2701,
including about 64 different star-like bullets, a dozen square bullets, three
different kinds of circled decimal digits, as well as a sleuth of arrows and
icons like pens and pencils), any of the miscellaneous symbols (starting at
U+2600, including numbered recycled symbols, die faces, and many other
icons), some of the General Punctuation bullets (e.g. hyphens and dashes at
U+2010 to U+2015, triangular bullets starting at U+2023), most of the
geometric shapes (starting at U+25A0, including U+25C9), all the enclosed cjk
letters and months (starting at U+3200), hangzhou-style numerals (U+3021 to
U+3029), the traditional greek numbering systems, the new ethiopic romanised
Oromo system Qubee, korean, korean-hangul, korean-check, coptic, and probably
many others.
4.7. Unsupported list styles
A user agent that does not recognize a numbering system should ignore the
declaration in which the numbering system is used.
For example, the following HTML document:
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0//EN">
<HTML>
<HEAD>
<TITLE>Lowercase latin numbering</TITLE>
<STYLE type="text/css">
OL { list-style-type: lower-roman; list-style-type: ethiopic-halehame-om-et; }
</STYLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY>
<OL>
<LI> This is the first item.
<LI> This is the second item.
<LI> This is the third item.
</OL>
</BODY>
</HTML>
might produce something like this in a user agent that does not support
the ethiopic-halehame-om-et list style type:
i. This is the first item.
ii. This is the second item.
iii. This is the third item.
Note that the list marker alignment (here, right justified) depends on the
user agent style sheet's rules for the ::marker
pseudo-element.
This property sets the image that will be used as the list item marker.
When the image is available, it will replace the marker set with the 'list-style-type'
marker.
The following example sets the marker at the beginning of each list item
to be the image "ellipse.png".
LI { list-style-image: url("http://www.example.com/ellipse.png") }
6. List Content: Generating
the computed value of the 'content' property
If a ::marker pseudo-element has its 'content' property set to normal, the following
algorithm should be used to generate the computed value of the property. Note
that there being a computed value of the 'content' property is not enough for the ::marker pseudo-element to be rendered. See the section on
the 'list-style-position' property below.
Otherwise, if the list-style-type property is not 'none',
then the computed value of the 'content'
property is counter(list-item,
<list-style-type>) followed by a string, where
<list-style-type> is the computed value of the 'list-style-type'
property, or the default style type for the list-item counter if the 'list-style-type' has
the value 'normal', and the string is the suffix for the list style type in
question (which may be empty).
Otherwise the computed value is inhibit. (Note: This is not
the same as the empty string, nor the same as none.)
Ths algorithm may be superseded by a more detailed algorithm given in the
Generated and Replaced Content module, when it is released.
Given the following style sheet:
li { display: list-item; list-style-type: decimal /* initial value */; }
li::marker { content: normal /* initial value */; }
And the following document fragment:
<li> List Item </li>
The computed value of the 'content' property
on the ::marker pseudo-element of the list item
element is:
This property specifies the position of the marker box in the principal
block box. Values have the following meanings:
outside
The marker box is outside the principal block box, as described in the
section on the ::marker pseudo-element below.
inside
The ::marker pseudo-element is an inline element
placed immediately before all ::before pseudo-elements in the principal block
box, after which the element's content flows. Note that if there is no inline
content, this will create a line box, just as content in an inline ::before
pseudo-element would. Also note that all the properties that apply to inline
elements apply to the ::marker pseudo-element in
this state, and this ::marker box participates in
the inline box model in the normal manner.
Note that a marker is only generated if the computed value of the 'content' property for the element's ::marker pseudo-element is not inhibit.
For example:
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0//EN">
<HTML>
<HEAD>
<TITLE>Comparison of inside/outside position</TITLE>
<STYLE type="text/css">
UL { list-style: outside }
UL.compact { list-style: inside }
</STYLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY>
<UL>
<LI>first list item comes first</LI>
<LI>second list item comes second</LI>
</UL>
<HT>
<UL class="compact">
<LI>first list item comes first</LI>
<LI>second list item comes second</LI>
</UL>
</BODY>
</HTML>
The above example may be formatted as:
In right-to-left text, the markers would have been on the right side of
the box.
UL { list-style: upper-roman inside } /* Any UL */
UL > UL { list-style: circle outside } /* Any UL child of a UL */
Although authors may specify 'list-style' information directly on list item
elements (e.g., LI in HTML), they should do so with care. The following rules
look similar, but the first declares a descendant selector and the second a
(more specific) child selector.
OL.alpha LI { list-style: lower-alpha } /* Any LI descendant of an OL */
OL.alpha > LI { list-style: lower-alpha } /* Any LI child of an OL */
Authors who use only the descendant selector may not achieve the results
they expect. Consider the following rules:
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0//EN">
<HTML>
<HEAD>
<TITLE>WARNING: Unexpected results due to cascade</TITLE>
<STYLE type="text/css">
OL.alpha LI { list-style: lower-alpha }
UL LI { list-style: disc }
</STYLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY>
<OL class="alpha">
<LI>level 1
<UL>
<LI>level 2</LI>
</UL>
</LI>
</OL>
</BODY>
</HTML>
The desired rendering would have level 1 list items with 'lower-alpha'
labels and level 2 items with 'disc' labels. However, the cascading order
will cause the first style rule (which includes specific class information)
to mask the second. The following rules solve the problem by employing a
child selector instead:
OL.alpha > LI { list-style: lower-alpha }
UL LI { list-style: disc }
Another solution would be to specify 'list-style' information only on the list type
elements:
OL.alpha { list-style: lower-alpha }
UL { list-style: disc }
Inheritance will transfer the 'list-style' values from OL and UL elements to
LI elements. This is the recommended way to specify list style information.
A URI value may be combined with any other value, as in:
UL { list-style: url("http://png.com/ellipse.png") disc }
In the example above, the 'disc' will be used when the image is
unavailable.
will ensure that no list-item marker is displayed on LI elements, except
if a value is explicitly given to the 'content'
property of the ::marker pseudo-element. In general,
the best way to ensure that no marker is rendered is to not set the 'display' property to list-item.
9. Markers: The ::marker pseudo-element
Markers are created by setting an element's 'display' property to list-item. The list-item display
type is, in every other respect, identical to the block display type.
The marker box is only created if the computed value of the 'content' property for the pseudo-element is not
inhibit. The rest of this section discusses the
details of the positioning of the marker box if it is positioned outside. For
details on positioning the marker box when it is an inside list marker, see
the section on 'list-style-position'.
If the elements' 'list-style-position' property has the
value outside, then the value
of the element's ::marker pseudo-element's 'content' property is formatted in an independent
marker box, outside the principal box. Marker boxes are formatted as an
inline-block (i.e., they fit in one line box), so they are not as flexible as
floats or absolutely positioned boxes.
Marker boxes have padding, borders and margins, just like inline-block
elements. The marker box will be vertically aligned with the first line of
content in the principal box, as specified by the pseudo-element's 'vertical-align' property. The marker box
participates in the height calculation of the principal box's first line box.
Thus, markers are aligned with the first line of an element's content. If no
first line box exists in a principal box, the marker box establishes its line
box alone. (The first line of a principle box is the one matched by the box's
'::first-line' pseudo-element.)
The marker box is horizontally aligned with the start of the line box.
Thus if a float intersects the element, moving the line box start, the marker
box is moved as well. It is the responsibility of the author to ensure that
sufficient margins are provided to prevent marker boxes overlapping with the
floats. If the marker box is generating the line box, then it is aligned with
the content area's start edge. The box model defines the properties 'float-displace' and 'indent-edge-reset' to control how far line boxes are
moved in the presence of floats.
If the value of the 'width' property is
auto, the marker box content
width is that of the content, otherwise it is the value of 'width'. For values of 'width' less than the content width, the overflow is
visible. The 'overflow' property does not
apply. The 'text-align' property determines the
horizontal alignment of the content in the marker box.
Marker boxes may overlap principal boxes and other marker boxes. Overlap
could happen for several reasons. If several nested elements without inline
content all have marker boxes, for instance, or if a marker box has negative
margins. Marker boxes are rendered at the same stack level as inline content
of the principle box, as if it was the first box of the first line box.
The CSS2 'marker-offset'
property is obsoleted in this model and has no effect. (It is replaced by the
'margin-right' property in left-to-right text,
and the 'margin-left' property in right-to-left
text.)
In the following example, the content is centered within a marker box of a
fixed width. This document:
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0//EN">
<HTML>
<HEAD>
<TITLE>Content alignment in the marker box</TITLE>
<STYLE type="text/css">
LI::marker {
content: "(" counter(counter) ")";
width: 6em;
text-align: center;
}
LI {
display: list-item;
counter-increment: counter;
}
</STYLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY>
<OL>
<LI> This is the first item. </LI>
<LI> This is the second item. </LI>
<LI> This is the third item. </LI>
</OL>
</BODY>
</HTML>
should produce something like this:
(1) This is the
first item.
(2) This is the
second item.
(3) This is the
third item.
The next example uses markers to number notes (paragraphs).
The following document:
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0//EN">
<HTML>
<HEAD>
<TITLE>Markers to create numbered notes4>/TITLE>
<STYLE type="text/css">
P { margin-left: 12 em; }
P.Note::marker {
content: url("note.gif") "Note " counter(note-counter) ":";
text-align: left;
width: 10em;
}
P.Note {
display: list-item;
counter-increment: note-counter;
}
</STYLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY>
<P>This is the first paragraph in this document.</P>
<P CLASS="Note">This is a very short document.</P>
<P>This is the end.</P>
</BODY>
</HTML>
should produce something like:
This is the first paragraph
in this document.
Note 1: This is a very short
document.
This is the end.
The following example illustrates how markers may be offset from their
element. This HTML application and style sheet:
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN">
<HTML>
<HEAD>
<TITLE>Marker example 5</TITLE>
<STYLE type="text/css">
P { margin-left: 8em } /* Make space for counters */
LI::marker { margin: 0 3em 0 0; content: counter(list-item, lower-roman) "."; }
LI { display: list-item }
</STYLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY>
<P> This is a long preceding paragraph ...</P>
<OL>
<LI> This is the first item.
<LI> This is the second item.
<LI> This is the third item.
</OL>
<P> This is a long following paragraph ...</P>
</BODY>
</HTML>
should produce something like this:
This is a long preceding
paragraph ...
i. This is the first item.
ii. This is the second item.
iii. This is the third item.
This is a long following
paragraph ...
(Note the use of the implicit counter increment.)
10. Profiles
This module has two profiles: CSS Level 1 and Full. There is no CSS2
profile because this module is incompatible with the CSS2 list model.
The CSS Level 1 module consists of 'list-style', 'list-style-position', 'list-style-image',
and 'list-style-type' (but only the following
values: 'disc', 'circle, square', 'decimal', 'lower-roman', 'upper-roman',
'lower-alpha', 'upper-alpha', 'none'). It does not include the ::marker
pseudo element.
The Full profile contains everything.
11. Sample style sheet for HTML 4.0
This section is informative, nor normative.
/* Set up list items */
li { display: list-item; /* counter-increment: list-item; (implied by display: list-item) */ }
/* Set up ol and ul so that they reset the list-item counter */
ol, ul { counter-reset: list-item; }
/* Default list style types for ordered lists */
ol { list-style-type: decimal; }
/* Default list style types for unordered lists up to 3 deep */
ul { list-style-type: disc; }
ul ul { list-style-type: square; }
ul ul ul { list-style-type: circle; }
/* The type attribute on ol and ul elements */
ul[type="disc"] { list-style-type: disc; }
ul[type="circle"] { list-style-type: circle; }
ul[type="square"] { list-style-type: square; }
ol[type="1"] { list-style-type: decimal; }
ol[type="a"] { list-style-type: lower-alpha; }
ol[type="A"] { list-style-type: upper-alpha; }
ol[type="i"] { list-style-type: lower-roman; }
ol[type="I"] { list-style-type: upper-roman; }
/* The start attribute on ol elements */
ol[start] { counter-reset: list-item attr(start, integer, 1); counter-increment: list-item -1; }
/* The value attribute on li elements */
li[value] { counter-reset: list-item attr(value, integer, 1); counter-increment: none; }
/* The above rules don't fully describe HTML4 lists, since they do not cover
behaviors such as margins and the like. The following rules could be used
for this purpose:
ol, ul { display: block; margin: 1em 0; padding-left: 2.5em; }
ol ol, ol ul, ul ul, ul ol { margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; }
li::marker { margin-right: 1em; text-align: right; }
*/
Another example is required here.
Acknowledgments
The following people and documentation they wrote were very useful for
defining the numbering systems: Alexander
Savenkov, Frank Tang, Jonathan Rosenne, Karl Ove Hufthammer, Musheg
Arakelyan, and Randall Bart.
Changes From CSS2
As described in the introduction section, there are significant changes in
this module when compared to CSS2.
display:marker has been replaced with ::marker
It is no longer possible to make end markers.
The 'marker-offset' property is obsoleted.
The marker display type is obsoleted.
Markers are now aligned relative to the line box edge, rather than the
border edge.
Markers now have margins.
The introduction of many new list style types as well as explicit
algorithms for all list style types.
Error handling rules for unknown list style types were changed to be
consistent with the normal parsing error handling rules.
The list-item predefined counter identifier has been introduced.
