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Research fields

observational cosmology

Research Interests

gravitational lensing
galaxy clusters
galaxies
survey astronomy
data science

Professional Memberships

Astronomical Society of Japan
Physical Society of Japan
American Astronomical Society

Main research topics

In the late 1990s, it was discovered that the expansion of the Universe is accelerating through observations of type-Ia supernovae. This phenomenon is counter-intuitive since celestial objects attract each other through gravity, which should result in decelerating expansion. The cosmic acceleration cannot be explained by fundamental theories of modern physics, such as particle physics and Einstein’s general relativity, and thus may indicate that the fundamental theories should be updated. Therefore, physicists and astronomers are exploring the origin of cosmic acceleration using big astronomical data sets obtained by cutting-edge telescopes.

I have been working on measuring the nature of cosmic acceleration through the large-scale structure of the Universe. The large-scale structure is the so-called “cosmic web” that consists of galaxies and galaxy clusters at the scales of billions of light-years. Since cosmic acceleration affects the large-scale structure, measurements of the large-scale structure enable us to investigate the nature of cosmic acceleration.

In my T-GEx program, I aim to constrain the nature of cosmic acceleration by measuring the number density of galaxy clusters per mass interval, the so-called halo mass function. The halo mass function is affected by cosmic acceleration. For example, the more rapidly the cosmic expansion is accelerated, the fewer numbers of galaxy clusters are formed. Here, it is of great importance to accurately measure the mass of galaxy clusters. Since most of the matter in the Universe is dark matter which does not emit light, observing astronomical objects which emit light, e.g., galaxies or the so-called “baryons,” does not provide an accurate measurement of cluster mass. Therefore, I have been using a phenomenon called weak gravitational lensing, which enables measuring the mass of dark matter and baryons.

To date, the theoretical models of halo mass function and weak lensing signal have been established through numerical simulations that consist of dark matter only. However, since statistical uncertainties are dramatically reduced due to the enormous amount of astronomical data sets, such theoretical models do not have enough accuracy in analyzing the data, and the effect of baryons should be included in these models. In my T-GEx program, I will constrain the nature of cosmic acceleration with unprecedented precision by quantifying the baryonic effects.

Representative papers

Miyatake H., Battaglia N., Hilton M., et al., “Weak-lensing Mass Calibration of ACTPol Sunyaev-Zel’dovich Clusters with the Hyper Suprime-Cam Survey,” ApJ, 2019, 875, 63

Miyatake H., Nishizawa A. J., Takada M., et al., “Subaru weak lensing measurement of a z = 0.81 cluster discovered by the Atacama Cosmology Telescope Survey,” MNRAS, 2013, 429, 3627

Research URL

Researchmap
https://researchmap.jp/hironaomiyatake

Hironao Miyatake’s Website
https://sites.google.com/view/hironaomiyatake/home

Laboratory Website
https://www.astro-th.phys.nagoya-u.ac.jp/c-lab/index.html

Global issues to be solved through this project

Precision cluster cosmology with next-generation large-scale galaxy surveys.

In this program, I will constrain the nature of cosmic acceleration through the measurement of halo mass function, using the big astronomical data set obtained by the galaxy imaging survey by Hyper Suprime-Cam (HSC), which is the newly developed wide-field prime focus camera at the Subaru Telescope. For this purpose, I will build accurate theoretical models for cosmological observables, such as the number density of galaxy clusters and cluster mass. I will collaborate with an international research group called “Baryon Pasters,” of which I am one of the founders, to build accurate theoretical models that incorporate baryonic effects. More specifically, I will quantify the relationship between the physical properties of galaxies clusters and cluster observables by applying machine learning techniques to hydrodynamical simulations. I also foster graduate students so that they can play a leading role in international research collaborations through this program.

Interview

No interview

MIYATAKE Hironao