Analysis of non-respondent pregnant women who were registered in the Japan Environment and Children's Study: a longitudinal cohort study

doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2018-025562

. 2019 Jun 27;9(6):e025562.

doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2018-025562.

Analysis of non-respondent pregnant women who were registered in the Japan Environment and Children's Study: a longitudinal cohort study

Mika Kigawa¹, Akiko Tsuchida^{2

3}, Kayoko Miura⁴, Mika Ito⁵, Tomomi Tanaka^{3

6}, Kei Hamazaki^{2

3}, Yuichi Adachi⁶, Shigeru Saito⁵, Hideki Origasa⁷, Hidekuni Inadera^{2

3}; Japan Environment and Children’s Study (JECS)

Collaborators, Affiliations

Collaborators

Japan Environment and Children’s Study (JECS):
T Kawamoto, H Saito, R Kishi, N Yaegashi, K Hashimoto, C Mori, F Hirahara, Z Yamagata, H Inadera, M Kamijima, I Konishi, H Iso, M Shima, T Ogawa, N Suganuma, K Kusuhara, T Katoh

Affiliations

¹ Kanagawa University of Human Services, Yokosuka, Japan.
² Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Science for Education, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan.
³ University of Toyama, Toyama Regional Center for JECS, Toyama, Japan.
⁴ Kanazawa University Health Service Center, Kanazawa, Japan.
⁵ Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Science for Education, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan.
⁶ Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Science for Education, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan.
⁷ Department of Biostatistics and Clinical Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Science for Education, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan.

PMID: 31248916
PMCID: PMC6597650
DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2018-025562

Analysis of non-respondent pregnant women who were registered in the Japan Environment and Children's Study: a longitudinal cohort study

Mika Kigawa et al. BMJ Open. 2019.

. 2019 Jun 27;9(6):e025562.

doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2018-025562.

Authors

Collaborators

Japan Environment and Children’s Study (JECS):
T Kawamoto, H Saito, R Kishi, N Yaegashi, K Hashimoto, C Mori, F Hirahara, Z Yamagata, H Inadera, M Kamijima, I Konishi, H Iso, M Shima, T Ogawa, N Suganuma, K Kusuhara, T Katoh

Affiliations

¹ Kanagawa University of Human Services, Yokosuka, Japan.
² Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Science for Education, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan.
³ University of Toyama, Toyama Regional Center for JECS, Toyama, Japan.
⁴ Kanazawa University Health Service Center, Kanazawa, Japan.
⁵ Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Science for Education, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan.
⁶ Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Science for Education, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan.
⁷ Department of Biostatistics and Clinical Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Science for Education, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan.

PMID: 31248916
PMCID: PMC6597650
DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2018-025562

Abstract

Objectives: Non-response to questionnaires in a longitudinal study reduces the effective sample size and introduces bias. We identified the characteristics of non-respondent pregnant women, and compared them with respondents in the Japan Environment and Children's Study (JECS) during the gestational period.

Design: This was a questionnaire-based, longitudinal cohort study.

Setting: Questionnaires were provided by research coordinators to mothers at prenatal examinations (at obstetrics clinics) or by mail. Mothers were measured twice: during the first trimester and during the second/third trimester.

Participants: Data were collected from the 10 129 participating mothers of the 10 288 children surveyed in the 2011 baseline JECS. We excluded responses from mothers who had a miscarriage or stillbirth; therefore, we analysed data from 9649 participants.

Primary and secondary outcome measures: Data concerning demographics, medical history, health characteristics, health-related behaviour and environmental exposure were collected via self-administered questionnaires. The response status of participants' partners and contact with their obstetrician were also examined. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to examine factors related to non-response.

Results: Response was associated with living with one's mother-in-law (ORs: 0.47, 95% CIs: 0.24 to 0.85), positive participation of participants' partner (OR: 0.25, 95% CI: 0.17 to 0.35) and multiple visits to the obstetrician (OR: 0.02, 95% CI: 0.02 to 0.03). Participants who had a medical history of allergic rhinitis, had body pain or drank alcohol had higher odds of responding (ORs: 0.68, 0.96 and 0.36, 95% CIs: 0.48 to 0.95 and 0.95 to 0.98 and 0.16 to 0.72, respectively); those exposed to secondary smoke had lower odds of responding (OR: 1.59, 95% CI: 1.12 to 2.23).

Conclusions: The non-response rate decreased when participants reported health-related behaviour or characteristics. Obtaining the understanding of people around each participant might help increase response rates.

Keywords: birth cohort study; longitudinal cohort study; non-response; pregnant women.

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Conflict of interest statement

Competing interests: None declared.

Figures

**Figure 1**
Participant (expecting mothers) flow.

See this image and copyright information in PMC

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References

1. Kawamoto T, Nitta H, Murata K, et al. . Rationale and study design of the Japan environment and children’s study (JECS). BMC Public Health 2014;14:25 10.1186/1471-2458-14-25 - DOI - PMC - PubMed
1. Michikawa T, Nitta H, Nakayama SF, et al. . The Japan Environment and Children’s Study (JECS): A Preliminary Report on Selected Characteristics of Approximately 10 000 Pregnant Women Recruited During the First Year of the Study. J Epidemiol 2015;25:452–8. 10.2188/jea.JE20140186 - DOI - PMC - PubMed
1. Christensen AI, Ekholm O, Gray L, et al. . What is wrong with non-respondents? Alcohol-, drug- and smoking-related mortality and morbidity in a 12-year follow-up study of respondents and non-respondents in the Danish Health and Morbidity Survey. Addiction 2015;110:1505–12. 10.1111/add.12939 - DOI - PMC - PubMed
1. Schneider KL, Clark MA, Rakowski W, et al. . Evaluating the impact of non-response bias in the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS). J Epidemiol Community Health 2012;66:290–5. 10.1136/jech.2009.103861 - DOI - PubMed
1. Stang A. Nonresponse research-an underdeveloped field in epidemiology. Eur J Epidemiol 2003;18:929–32. 10.1023/A:1025877501423 - DOI - PubMed

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[1] Kawamoto T, Nitta H, Murata K, et al. . Rationale and study design of the Japan environment and children’s study (JECS). BMC Public Health 2014;14:25 10.1186/1471-2458-14-25 - DOI - PMC - PubMed

[2] Kawamoto T, Nitta H, Murata K, et al. . Rationale and study design of the Japan environment and children’s study (JECS). BMC Public Health 2014;14:25 10.1186/1471-2458-14-25 - DOI - PMC - PubMed

[3] Michikawa T, Nitta H, Nakayama SF, et al. . The Japan Environment and Children’s Study (JECS): A Preliminary Report on Selected Characteristics of Approximately 10 000 Pregnant Women Recruited During the First Year of the Study. J Epidemiol 2015;25:452–8. 10.2188/jea.JE20140186 - DOI - PMC - PubMed

[4] Michikawa T, Nitta H, Nakayama SF, et al. . The Japan Environment and Children’s Study (JECS): A Preliminary Report on Selected Characteristics of Approximately 10 000 Pregnant Women Recruited During the First Year of the Study. J Epidemiol 2015;25:452–8. 10.2188/jea.JE20140186 - DOI - PMC - PubMed

[5] Christensen AI, Ekholm O, Gray L, et al. . What is wrong with non-respondents? Alcohol-, drug- and smoking-related mortality and morbidity in a 12-year follow-up study of respondents and non-respondents in the Danish Health and Morbidity Survey. Addiction 2015;110:1505–12. 10.1111/add.12939 - DOI - PMC - PubMed

[6] Christensen AI, Ekholm O, Gray L, et al. . What is wrong with non-respondents? Alcohol-, drug- and smoking-related mortality and morbidity in a 12-year follow-up study of respondents and non-respondents in the Danish Health and Morbidity Survey. Addiction 2015;110:1505–12. 10.1111/add.12939 - DOI - PMC - PubMed

[7] Schneider KL, Clark MA, Rakowski W, et al. . Evaluating the impact of non-response bias in the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS). J Epidemiol Community Health 2012;66:290–5. 10.1136/jech.2009.103861 - DOI - PubMed

[8] Schneider KL, Clark MA, Rakowski W, et al. . Evaluating the impact of non-response bias in the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS). J Epidemiol Community Health 2012;66:290–5. 10.1136/jech.2009.103861 - DOI - PubMed

[9] Stang A. Nonresponse research-an underdeveloped field in epidemiology. Eur J Epidemiol 2003;18:929–32. 10.1023/A:1025877501423 - DOI - PubMed

[10] Stang A. Nonresponse research-an underdeveloped field in epidemiology. Eur J Epidemiol 2003;18:929–32. 10.1023/A:1025877501423 - DOI - PubMed

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Analysis of non-respondent pregnant women who were registered in the Japan Environment and Children's Study: a longitudinal cohort study

Collaborators

Affiliations

Analysis of non-respondent pregnant women who were registered in the Japan Environment and Children's Study: a longitudinal cohort study

Authors

Collaborators

Affiliations

Abstract

Conflict of interest statement

Figures

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Cited by

References

Publication types

MeSH terms

LinkOut - more resources

Full Text Sources

Medical