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. 2019 May:61:194-201.
doi: 10.1016/j.nut.2018.11.010. Epub 2018 Nov 25.

Dietary intake of fish and ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and physician-diagnosed allergy in Japanese population: The Japan Environment and Children's Study

Kei Hamazaki  1 , Akiko Tsuchida  2 , Ayako Takamori  3 , Tomomi Tanaka  4 , Mika Ito  5 , Hidekuni Inadera  2 ; Japan Environment and Children's Study (JECS) Group
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Free article

Dietary intake of fish and ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and physician-diagnosed allergy in Japanese population: The Japan Environment and Children's Study

Kei Hamazaki et al. Nutrition. 2019 May.
Free article

Abstract

Objective: Emerging evidence from epidemiologic studies and clinical trials indicates that ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) may have a preventive or therapeutic effect on allergy, although the results remain controversial. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between intake of fish and ω-3 PUFAs with risk for lifetime prevalence of physician-diagnosed allergy in a Japanese population.

Methods: Study participants were 78 621 pregnant women and 42 831 male partners from The Japan Environment and Children's Study. History of physician-diagnosed allergy (asthma, allergic rhinitis/pollinosis, allergic conjunctivitis, or atopic dermatitis) was determined by self-administered questionnaire survey. Dietary intake of fish and ω-3 PUFAs was estimated using a food frequency questionnaire.

Results: Contrary to our hypothesis, an increased risk for allergy was found by multivariable logistic regression in females, especially in allergic rhinitis/pollinosis, allergic conjunctivitis, or atopic dermatitis for fish intake and in allergic rhinitis/pollinosis or allergic conjunctivitis for ω-3 PUFAs. As for male partners, risk for allergic rhinitis/pollinosis or atopic dermatitis was increased for both fish and ω-3 PUFA intake. No statistically significant results were observed for the risk for asthma in either women or men.

Conclusion: Fish and ω-3 PUFA intake were associated with increased risk for some allergic diseases. Further research is warranted to confirm these findings in individuals with high fish consumption.

Keywords: Allergic conjunctivitis; Allergic rhinitis; Asthma; Atopic dermatitis; Fish; Pollinosis; ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids.

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