Abstract
Modelling the behaviour of automated vehicles requires an understanding of the acceptance towards certain behaviours by the human cooperation partners. This work addresses the evaluation of two communication means on the motorway slip road from the perspective of drivers in the target lane. In a video study (N = 68) two implicit communication means (position and duration of lane change) were investigated. The cooperation partner is either a manual vehicle or a car labelled as automated by a status eHMI. The results show no significant differences in the cooperation and criticality ratings between non-automated or automated cooperation partners. A slow lane change is rated as less critical and more cooperative. A non-linear relationship emerges for the position of the change. A change in the middle of the slip road is rated most cooperative and least critical.
Zusammenfassung
Die Modellierung des Verhaltens von automatisierten Fahrzeugen erfordert ein Verständnis der Akzeptanz bestimmter Verhaltensweisen durch die menschlichen Kooperationspartner. Diese Arbeit befasst sich mit der Bewertung von zwei Kommunikationsmitteln auf dem Autobahnzubringer aus der Perspektive von Fahrern auf der rechten Fahrspur. In einer Videostudie (N=68) wurden zwei implizite Kommunikationsmittel (Position und Dauer des Fahrspurwechsels) untersucht. Bei dem Kooperationspartner handelt es sich entweder um ein manuelles Fahrzeug oder um ein Fahrzeug, das durch ein eHMI als automatisiert gekennzeichnet ist. Die Ergebnisse zeigen keine signifikanten Unterschiede zwischen den Kooperations- und Kritikalitätsbewertungen von nicht-automatisierten und automatisierten Kooperationspartnern. Ein langsamer Fahrspurwechsel wird als weniger kritisch und kooperativer eingestuft. Ein nichtlinearer Zusammenhang ergibt sich für die Position des Wechsels. Ein Wechsel in der Mitte des Fahrstreifens wird am kooperativsten und am wenigsten kritisch bewertet.
About the authors
Sofie Ehrhardt holds a M.Sc. in Psychology from Saarland University. Since 2019 she has been pursuing her PhD at the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) and has worked as a Research Associate with the Institute of Human and Industrial Engineering. Her research focuses on the behaviour of human road users and their interaction with automated vehicles.
Daniel Graeber graduated with a B.Sc. in Mechanical Engineering from the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT). He wrote his bachelor thesis on the topic of automated driving and behavioral patterns at motorway slip roads.
Nadine-Rebecca Strelau received her B.Sc. and M.Sc. degrees in psychology from Ulm University, Germany, in 2015 and 2018, respectively. She is currently pursuing the Ph.D. degree with the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) and working as a Research Associate with the Institute of Human and Industrial Engineering, KIT. Her current research interests include cooperation behavior of human drivers and the interaction of human drivers with autonomous vehicles.
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Barbara Deml is head of the Institute of Human and Industrial Engineering at the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT). Her research focuses, among other things, on the effects of automated systems on humans and on the ergonomic design of such systems.
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Author contributions: All the authors have accepted responsibility for the entire content of this submitted manuscript and approved submission.
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Research funding: None declared.
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Conflict of interest statement: The authors declare no conflicts of interest regarding this article.
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Supplementary Material
This article contains supplementary material (https://doi.org/10.1515/auto-2022-0159).
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