Analysis and Implementation of Disease Detection in Leafs and Fruit Using Image Processing and Machine Learning | SN Computer Science Skip to main content

Advertisement

Log in

Analysis and Implementation of Disease Detection in Leafs and Fruit Using Image Processing and Machine Learning

  • Original Research
  • Published:
SN Computer Science Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to examine how different image processing techniques may be used to identify leaf disease. To identify and classify plant leaf diseases, different algorithms may be used to digital image processing, which is a quick, reliable, and accurate approach. Classifiers and support vector machines for illness classification are among the strategies presented in this study effort that have been employed by several authors to identify disease. Our research primarily focuses on the evaluation of several methods for detecting leaf disease and also gives an overview of various image processing methods. Fruit disease is also discussed in this study as a potentially disastrous issue that has the potential to harm both the economy and the agricultural industry. Because of technological advances, advanced image processing algorithms have recently been created to help identify contaminated fruit that was previously detected by hand. There are two stages: the first is for training, and the second is a testing phase. Data on infected and uninfected fruit is collected during the training phase, and during the testing phase, it is determined whether or not the fruit has been infected, and if so, by which disease. Various methods currently in use to identify infected fruit are examined in this piece of research. Farmers benefit from the use of these methods since they assist to identify fruit disease in its earliest stages.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Subscribe and save

Springer+ Basic
¥17,985 /Month
  • Get 10 units per month
  • Download Article/Chapter or eBook
  • 1 Unit = 1 Article or 1 Chapter
  • Cancel anytime
Subscribe now

Buy Now

Price includes VAT (Japan)

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10
Fig. 11
Fig. 12
Fig. 13
Fig. 14
Fig. 15
Fig. 16
Fig. 17
Fig. 18
Fig. 19
Fig. 20
Fig. 21
Fig. 22
Fig. 23

Similar content being viewed by others

Data availability

Not applicable.

References

  1. Garrett KA, Dendy SP, Frank EE, Rouse MN, Travers SE. Climate change effects on plant disease: genomes to ecosystems. Annu Rev Phytopathol. 2006;44:489–509.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Coakley SM, Scherm H, Chakraborty S. Climate change and plant disease management. Annu Rev Phytopathol. 1999;37(1):399–426.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Chakraborty S, Tiedemann AV, Teng PS. Climate change: potential impact on plant diseases. Environ Pollut. 2000;108(3):317–26.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Tatem AJ, Rogers DJ, Hay SI. Global transport networks and infectious disease spread. Adv Parasitol. 2006;62:293–343.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Rohr JR, Raffel TR, Romansic JM, McCallum H, Hudson PJ. Evaluating the links between climate, disease spread, and amphibian declines. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2008;105(45):17436–41.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Van der Zwet T. Present worldwide distribution of fire blight. In: Proceedings of the 9th international workshop on fire blight, vol. 590, Napier, October 2001.

  7. Miller SA, Beed FD, Harmon CL. Plant disease diagnostic capabilities and networks. Annu Rev Phytopathol. 2009;47:15–38.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Riley MB, Williamson MR, Maloy O. Plant disease diagnosis. Plant Health Instructor. 2002. https://doi.org/10.1094/PHI-I-2002-1021-01.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. ArnalBarbedo JG. Digital image processing techniques for detecting, quantifying and classifying plant diseases. Springerplus. 2013;2: 660.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Cartwright H, editors. Artificial Neural Networks. Humana Press; 2015.

  11. Steinwart I, Christmann A. Support vector machines. New York: Springer Science & Business Media; 2008.

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  12. Sankaran S, Mishra A, Ehsani R, Davis C. A review of advanced techniques for detecting plant diseases. Comput Electron Agric. 2010;72(1):1–13.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Reddy PR, Divya SN, Vijayalakshmi R. Plant disease detection techniquetool—a theoretical approach. Int J Innov Technol Res. 2015;4:91–3.

    Google Scholar 

  14. Mahlein A-K, Rumpf T, Welke P, et al. Development of spectral indices for detecting and identifying plant diseases. Remote Sens Environ. 2013;128:21–30.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Xiuqing W, Haiyan W, Shifeng Y. Plant disease detection based on near-field acoustic holography. Trans Chin Soc Agric Mach. 2014;2: 43.

    Google Scholar 

  16. Mahlein A-K, Oerke E-C, Steiner U, Dehne H-W. Recent advances in sensing plant diseases for precision crop protection. Eur J Plant Pathol. 2012;133(1):197–209.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Chaudhary P, Chaudhari AK, Cheeran AN, Godara S. Color transform based approach for disease spot detection on plant leaf. Int J Comput Sci Telecommun. 2012;3(6):65–9.

    Google Scholar 

  18. Patil SB, Bodhe SK. Leaf disease severity measurement using image processing. Int J Eng Technol. 2011;3(5):297–301.

    Google Scholar 

  19. Patil JK, Kumar R. Feature extraction of diseased leaf images. J Signal Image Process. 2012;3(1):60.

    Google Scholar 

  20. Reed TR, Dubuf JMH. A review of recent texture segmentation and feature extraction techniques. CVGIP Image Understand. 1993;57(3):359–72.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. Babu MSP, Srinivasa Rao B. Leaves recognition using back propagation neural network-advice for pest and disease control on crops. IndiaKisan. Net: Expert Advisory System. 2007.

  22. Revathi P, Hemalatha M. Identification of cotton diseases based on cross information gain deep forward neural network classifier with PSO feature selection. Int J Eng Technol. 2014;5(6):4637–42.

    Google Scholar 

  23. Zhou C, Gao HB, Gao L, Zhang WG. Particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm. Appl Res Comput. 2003;12:7–11.

    Google Scholar 

  24. Rumpf T, Mahlein A-K, Steiner U, Oerke E-C, Dehne H-W, Plumer L. Early detection and classification of plant diseases with Support Vector Machines based on hyperspectral reflectance. Comput Electron Agric. 2010;74(1):91–9.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. Zhou ZH, Chen SF. Neural network ensemble. Chin J Comput. 2002;25(1):1–8.

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  26. Karmokar BC, Ullah MS, Siddiquee MdK, Alam KMdR. Tea leaf diseases recognition using neural network ensemble. Int J Comput Appl. 2015;114(17):27–30.

    Google Scholar 

  27. Al-Hiary H, Bani-Ahmad S, Reyalat M, Braik M, ALRahamneh Z. Fast and accurate detection and classification ofplant diseases. Mach Learn. 2011;14:5.

    Google Scholar 

  28. Lenz I, Lee H, Saxena A. Deep learning for detecting robotic grasps. Int J Robot Res. 2015;34(4–5):705–24.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  29. Alipanahi B, Delong A, Weirauch MT, Frey BJ. Predicting the sequence specificities of DNA- and RNA-binding proteins by deep learning. Nat Biotechnol. 2015;33(8):831–8.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  30. Soni D, Srivastava D, Bhatt A, Aggarwal A, Kumar S, Shah MA. An empirical client cloud environment to secure data communication with alert protocol. Math Probl Eng. 2022;2022: 4696649. https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/4696649.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  31. Zhang L, Xia G-S, Wu T, Lin L, Tai XC. Deep learning for remote sensing image understanding. J Sensors. 2016;2016:7954154.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  32. Katare R, Soni D. Evaluate performance of student by using Normalized data set, Fuzzy and A-priori Like Algorithm. In: 2018 International conference on advanced computation and telecommunication (ICACAT), 2018. p. 1–4. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICACAT.2018.8933774.

  33. Arevalo J, Gonzalez FA, Ramos-Pollan R, Oliveira JL, Lopez MAG. Convolutional neural networks for mammography mass lesion classification. In: Proceedings of the 37th annual international conference of the ieee engineering in medicine and biology society (EMBC ’15), August 2015. p. 797–800.

  34. Krizhevsky A, Sutskever I, Hinton GE. Imagenet Classification with Deep Convolutional Neural Networks. Adv Neural Inf Process Syst. 2012.

  35. Gould S, Fulton R, Koller D. Decomposing a scene into geometric and semantically consistent regions. In: Proceedings of the 12th international conference on computer vision (ICCV ’09), Kyoto, October 2009. p. 1–8.

  36. Howse J. OpenCV computer vision with Python. Birmingham: Packt Publishing; 2013.

    Google Scholar 

  37. Hawkins DM. The problem of over-fitting. J Chem Inf Comput Sci. 2004;44(1):1–12.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  38. Stearns CC, Kannappan K. Method for 2-D affine transformation of images. US Patent No. 5,475,803. 1995.

  39. Brahmbhatt S. Practical OpenCV. Berkeley: Apress; 2013.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  40. Bergstra J, Bastien F, Breuleux O, et al. Theano: deep learning on gpus with python. In: Proceedings of the NIPS 2011, Big Learning Workshop, Granada, Spain, December 2011.

  41. Collobert R, Kavukcuoglu K, Farabet C. Torch7: a matlab-like environment for machine learning. In: BigLearn,NIPS Workshop EPFL-CONF-192376, 2011.

  42. Jia Y, Shelhamer E, Donahue J, et al. Caffe: convolutional architecture for fast feature embedding. In Proceedings of theACM Conference on Multimedia (MM ’14), ACM, Orlando, November 2014. p. 5–678.

  43. Jia D, Dong W, Socher R et al. ImageNet: a large-scale hierarchical image database. In: Proceedings of the IEEE conference on computer vision and pattern recognition (CVPR ’09), Miami, June 2009. p. 248–55.

  44. Mondal D, Chakraborty A, Kole DK, Dutta Majumder D. Detection and classification technique of Yellow Vein Mosaic Virus disease in okra leaf images using leaf vein extraction and Naive Bayesian classifier. In: IEEE, international conference on soft computing techniques and implementations (ICSCTI), 2015.

  45. Tips, CUDA Pro, and C. U. D. A. Spotlights. Deep Learning for Computer Vision with Caffe and cuDNN. February 2016, https://devblogs.nvidia.com/parallelforall/deep-learning-computer-vision-caffe-cudnn/.

  46. Bahrampour S, Ramakrishnan N, Schott L, Shah M. Comparative study of caffe, neon, theano, and torch for deep 15 learning. http://arxiv.org/abs/1511.06435v1.

  47. Reyes AK, Caicedo JC, Camargo JE. Fine-tuning deep convolutional networks for plant recognition. In: Proceedings of the Working Notes of CLEF 2015 Conference, 2015. http://ceur-ws.org/Vol-1391/121-CR.pdf.

  48. Cires¸an DC, Meier U, Masci J, Gambardella LM, Schmidhuber J. Flexible, high performance convolutional neural networks for image classification. In: Proceedings of the 22nd international joint conference on artificial intelligence, vol. 2, 2011. p. 1237–42.

  49. Prajapati V, Soni D. A Review on Different Application Architecture of Big Data Mining in Healthcare. In: 2018 international journal of engineering technology and applied science (IJETAS) (ISSN: 2395 3853), vol. 4, Issue 6, June 2018.

  50. Soni D, Tiwari V, Kaur Srao B, Kumar M. Cloud computing security analysis based on RC6, AES and RSA algorithms. In: 2021 1st international conference on advances in computing and future communication technologies (ICACFCT - 2021), 2021. p. 1–7.

  51. Srivastava D, Soni D, Sharma V, Kumar P, Singh AK. An artificial intelligence based recommender system to analyse drug target indication for drug repurposing using linear machine learning algorithm. J Algebr Stat (ESCI). 2022;13(3). e-ISSN – 1309–3452.

  52. Meena Prakash R, Saraswathy GP, Ramalakshmi G, Mangaleswari KH, Kaviya T. Detection of leaf diseases and classification using digital image processing. In: IEEE, international conference on innovations in information, embedded and communication systems (ICIIECS), 2017.

  53. Montavon G, Braun ML, Muller K-R. Kernel analysis of deep networks. J Mach Learn Res. 2011;12:2563–81.

    MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  54. Pawar P, Turkar V, Patil P. Cucumber disease detection using artificial neural network. In: IEEE, international conference on inventive computation technologies (ICICT), 2016.

  55. Correa E, García M, Grosso G, Huamantoma J, Ipanaqué W. Design and Implementation of a CNN architecture to classify images of banana leaves with diseases. In: 2021 IEEE international conference on automation/XXIV congress of the chilean association of automatic control (ICA-ACCA), Valparaíso, 2021. p. 1–6, https://doi.org/10.1109/ICAACCA51523.2021.946517.

  56. Dumala A, Papasani A, Bommala R, Sireesha V. Identifying Rotten Region on the Plant Leaf in Advance to Increase the Crop Yield using Multinominal Probit Regression. In: 2022 international conference on applied artificial intelligence and computing (ICAAIC), Salem, 2022. p. 1185–92. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICAAIC53929.2022.9792804.

  57. Muhali AS, Linsangan NB. Classification of Lanzones Tree Leaf Diseases Using Image Processing Technology and a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN). In: 2022 IEEE international conference on artificial intelligence in engineering and technology (IICAIET), Kota Kinabalu, 2022. p. 1–6. https://doi.org/10.1109/IICAIET55139.2022.9936833.

  58. Shaikh RP, Dhole SA. Citrus leaf unhealthy region detection by using image processing technique. In: 2017 International conference of Electronics, Communication and Aerospace Technology (ICECA), Coimbatore, 2017. p. 420–3. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICECA.2017.8203719.

  59. Kaur M, Bhatia R. Development of an improved tomato leaf disease detection and classification method. In: 2019 IEEE conference on information and communication technology, Allahabad, 2019. p. 1–5. https://doi.org/10.1109/CICT48419.2019.9066230.

  60. Annabel LSP, Muthulakshmi V. AI-Powered Image-Based Tomato Leaf Disease Detection. In: 2019 Third international conference on I-SMAC (IoT in Social, Mobile, Analytics and Cloud) (I-SMAC), Palladam, 2019. p. 506–11. https://doi.org/10.1109/I-SMAC47947.2019.9032621.

  61. Malakar A, Mukherjee J. Image Clustering using Color Moments, Histogram, Edge and K-means Clustering. In: International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR), India Online ISSN: 2319-7064, vol. 2, issue 1. January 2019.

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Dheresh Soni.

Ethics declarations

Conflict of Interest

The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

Additional information

Publisher's Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

This article is part of the topical collection “Machine Intelligence and Smart Systems” guest edited by Manish Gupta and Shikha Agrawal.

Rights and permissions

Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Singh, M., Ayuub, S., Baronia, A. et al. Analysis and Implementation of Disease Detection in Leafs and Fruit Using Image Processing and Machine Learning. SN COMPUT. SCI. 4, 627 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s42979-023-02045-z

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s42979-023-02045-z

Keywords