Abstract
Provisioning guaranteed Quality of Service (QoS) in multiservice wireless internet is challenging due to diverse nature of end-user traffic (e.g., voice, streaming video, interactive gaming) passing through heterogeneous interconnected domains with their own policies and procedures. Numerous studies have shown that multimedia traffic carried in wireless internet possesses self-similar and long-range dependent characteristics. Nonetheless, published work on wireless traffic modeling is merely based on traditional Poisson traffic distribution which fails to capture these characteristics and hence yield misleading results. Moreover, existing work related to self-similar traffic modeling is primarily based on conventional queuing and scheduling combinations which are simple approximations.This paper presents a novel analytical framework for G/M/1 queuing system based on realistic internet traffic distribution to provide guaranteed QoS. We analyze the behavior of multiple classes of self-similar traffic based on newly proposed scheduling-cum-polling mechanism (i.e., combination of priority scheduling and limited service polling model). We formulate the Markov chain for G/M/1 queuing system and present closed form expressions for different QoS parameters i.e., packet delay, packet loss rate, bandwidth, jitter and queue length. We develop a customized discrete event simulator to validate the performance of the proposed analytical framework. The proposed framework can help in building comprehensive service level agreements for heterogeneous wireless domains.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Stallings, W. (1999). Integrated services architecture: The next generation internet. International Journal of Network Management, 9, 38–43.
Blake, S., et al. (1998). An architecture for differentiated services, IETF RFC 2475. http://www.rfc-base.org/rfc-2475.html.
Rosen, E., et al. (2001). Multiprotocol label switching (MPLS) architecture, RFC 3031. http://www.rfcbase.org/rfc-3031.html.
Moon, B., & Aghvami, H. (2003). DiffServ extension for QoS provisioning in IP mobility environments. IEEE Wireless Communication, 10(5), 38–44.
Cheng, Y., & Zhuang, W. (2002). DiffServ resource allocation for fast handoff in wireless mobile internet. IEEE Communication Magazine, 40(5), 130–136.
Chakravorty, R., Cartwright, J. & Pratt, I. (2002). Practical experience with TCP over GPRS. In IEEE Global Telecommunications Conference, 2002 (GLOBECOM ’02), Vol. 2, pp. 1678–1682, 17–21 Nov. 2002.
Schwab, D., & Bunt, R. (2004). Characterizing the use of a campus wireless network. In IEEE INFOCOM, 2004. Twenty-third annual joint conference of the IEEE computer and communication societies (Vol. 2, pp. 862–870).
Meng, X., Wong, S., Yuan, Y., & Lu, S. (2004). Characterizing flows in large wireless data networks. In Proceedings of the 10th annual international conference on Mobile computing and networking, Philadelphia, pp. 174–186.
Balachandran, G. M., Voelker, P., Bahl, & VenkatRangan, P. (2002). Characterizing user behavior and network performance in a public Wireless LAN. Sigmetrics Performance Evaluation Review, 30(1), 195–205.
Iftikhar, M., Landfeldt, B., & Caglar, M. (2009). Towards the formation of comprehensive SLAs between heterogeneous wireless DiffServ domains. Springer Journal of Telecommunication Systems, 42, 179–199.
Beraka, M., Iftikhar, M., Mathkour, H., & Bedaiwi, A. (2013). The exact analysis of limited service polling systems combined with non-preemptive priority scheduling under self similar traffic input. In Proceedings of the 4th international conference on ambient systems, networks and technologies (ANT), Halifax: Nova Scoti.
Leland, W., Taqqu, M., Willinger, W., & Wilson, D. (1994). On the self-similar nature of Ethernet traffic (extended version). IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking, 2(1), 1–15.
Paxon, V. (1994). Empirically derived analytical models of wide-area TCP connections. IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking, 2, 316–336.
Paxon, V., & Floyd, S. (1994). Wide-area traffic: The failure of poisson modeling. In Proceedings of ACM SIGCOMM 94, London, pp. 257–268.
Crovella, M., & Bestavros, A. (1995). Explaining world wide web traffic self-similarity. In Tech. Rep. TR-95-015, Boston University, CS Department, Boston, MA 02215.
Garrett, M. W. & Willinger, W. (1994). Analysis, modeling and generation of self-similar VBR video traffic. In ACM Computer Communication Review, vol. 24, SIGCOMM 94 Symposium.
Willinger, W., et al. (1994). Statistical analysis of CCSN/SS7 traffic data from working CCS subnetworks. IEEE Journal on Selected Areas of Communication, 12(3), 544–551.
Erramilli, A., Narayan, O., & Willinger, W. (1996). Experimental queueing analysis with long-range dependent packet traffic. IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking (TON), 4(2), 209–223.
Iftikhar, M., Landfeldt, B., & Caglar, M. (2007). Traffic engineering and QoS control between wireless DiffServ domains using PQ and LLQ. In Proceedings of IEEE/ACM Mobiwac ’07, 22nd Oct 2007, Chania, Crete Island.
Caglar, M. (2004). A long-range dependant workload model for packet data traffic. Mathematics of Operations Research, 29, 92–105.
Yousefi’zadeh, H. (2002). A neural-based technique for estimating self-similar traffic average queueing delay. IEEE Communications Letters, 6(10), 419–421.
Iftikhar, M., Singh, T., Landfeldt B., & Caglar, M. (2008). Multiclass G/M/1 queueing system with self-similar input and non-preemptive priority. Journal of Computer Communications, 31(5), 1012–1027.
Adas, A., & Mukherjee, A. (1995). On resource management and QoS guarantees for long-range dependant traffic. In Proceedings of IEEE INFOCOM, pp. 779–787.
Iftikhar, M., & Landfeldt, B. (2008). Markov chain formulation of G/M/1 queueing system with multiple classes of self-similar input on the basis of PQ, CQ and LLQ service disciplines, technical report submitted. Sydney: School of IT, University of Sydney.
Kalkurni, L. A., & Li, S. Q. (1998). Measurement-based traffic modeling: Capturing important statistics. Journal of Stochastic Model, 14(5), 1113–1150.
Gross, D., Shortle, J., Fischer, M., & Masi, D. (2002). Difficulties in simulating queues with Pareto service. In Proceedings of the 2002 Winter Simulation Conference.
Crovella, M., & Bestavros, A. (1997). Self-similarity in world wide web traffic: Evidence and possible causes. IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking (TON), 5(6), 835–846.
Bolot, J. C., & Grossglauser, M. (1996). On the relevance of long-range dependence in network traffic. Computer Communication Review, 26(4), 15–24.
Ribeiro, V. J., Zhang, Z. L., Moon, S., & Diot, C. (2005). Small-time scaling behavior of internet backbone traffic. Computer Networks, 48(3), 315–334.
Taqqu, M. S. (1988). Self-Similar processes. In S. Kotz & N. Johnson (Eds.), Encyclopedia of statistical sciences (Vol. 8, pp. 352–357). New York: Wiley.
Willinger, W., Taqqu, M. S., & Erramilli, A. (1996). A bibliographical guide to self-similar traffic and performance modeling for modern high speed networks. In F. P. Kelly, S. Zachary, & I. Ziedins (Eds.), Stochastic networks: Theory and applications (pp. 339–366). Oxford: Claredon Press.
Yang, J., & Kriaras, I. (2000). Migration to all-IP based UMTS networks. In IEEE 1st international conference on 3G mobile communications technologies, pp. 19–23.
Newman, P., & Inc, Netillion. (2004). In search of the all-IP mobile network. IEEE Communication Magazine, 42(12), 3–8.
Araniti, G., Calabro, F., Iera, A., Molinaro, A., & Pulitano, S. (2004). Differentiated services QoS issues in next generation radio access network: A new management policy for expedited forwarding Per-Hop behavior. In IEEE vehicular technology conference, VTC 2004-Fall, vol. 4, pp. 2693–2697.
Uskela, S. (2001). All IP architectures for cellular networks. In 2nd International Conference on 3G Mobile Communication Technologies, pp. 180–185.
Park, Jeong-Hyun. (2002). Wireless internet access for mobile subscribers based on GPRS/UMTS network. IEEE Communication Magazine, 40(4), 38–39.
Koucheryavy, Y., Krednzel, A., Lopatin, S. & Harju, J. (2002). Performance estimation of UMTS release 5 IM-subsystem elements. In 4th international workshop on mobile and wireless communication networks, IEEE MWCN, pp. 35–39.
Kim, S., Cho, H. J., Hahm, H. H., Lee, S. Y. M., & Lee, S. (2003). Interoperability between UMTS and CDMA2000 Networks. IEEE Wireless Communications, 10(1), 22–28.
Pang, A. C., Chen, J. C., Chunghwa, Y. K., & Agarwal, P. (2004). Mobility and session management UMTS vs CDMA2000. IEEE Wireless Communication, 11(4), 30–43.
Ben Ali, R., Lemieux, Y., & Pierre, S. (2005). UMTS-to-IP QoS mapping for voice and video telephony services. IEEE Network, 19(2), 26–32.
Quintero, Alejandro, & Del Frutos, Eduardo. (2009). MPLS based architecture for mobility and end-to-End QoS support in fourth generation mobile networks. Journal of Computer Science, 5(4), 255–262.
Kwak, H., et al. (2008). Mobility management survey for home-NB based 3GPP LTE systems. Journal of Information Processign Systems, 4(4), 145–152.
Gaitan, S. O., et al. (2007). Enabling roaming in heterogeneous multi-operator wireless networks. Journal of Communications, 2(4), 18–28.
Li, X., & Salleh, R. (2007). Handoff techniques for 4G wireless mobile internet. Information Technology Journal, 6(5), 745–750.
Zahran, A. H., et al. (2008). Mobility modeling and performance evaluation of heterogeneous wireless Networks. IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing, 7(8), 1041–1056.
Gavrilovska, L. M., & Atanasovski, V. M. (2007). Interoperability in future wireless communications systems: A roadmap to 4G. Journal of Microwave Review, 13(1), 19–28.
Cheng, Y., et al. (2005). Efficient resource allocation for China’s 3G/4G wireless networks. IEEE Communications Magazine, 43(1), 76–83.
Siddiqui, F., & Zeadally, S. (2006). Mobility management across hybrid wireless networks: Trends and challenges. Computer Communications, 29(9), Elsevier Science.
Shao, Z., & Madhow, U. (2002). A QoS framework for heavy-tailed traffic over the wireless Internet. In Proceedings of MILCOM 2002, vol. 2, pp. 1201–1205.
Norros, I. (1995). The management of large flows of connectionless traffic on the basis of self-similar modeling. In IEEE international conference on communications, vol. 1, pp. 451–455.
Klemn, A., Lindemann, C., & Lohmann, M. (2001). Traffic modeling and characterization for UMTS networks. IEEE Globecom, 3, 1741–1746.
Jiang, M., Nikolic, M., Hardy, S., & Trajkovic, L. (2001). Impact of self-similarity on wireless data network performance. IEEE ICC, 2, 477–481.
Kaj, I. (2005). Limiting fractal random processes in heavy-tailed systems. In J. Levy-Lehel & E. Lutton (Eds.), Fractals in engineering, new trends in theory and applications (pp. 199–218). London: Springer.
Iftikhar, M., Landfeldt, B., & Caglar, M. (2006). An analytical model based on G/M/1 with self-similar input to provide end-to-end QoS in 3G networks. In Proceedings of IEEE/ACM Mobiwac (MSWIM), Terromolinos.
Iftikhar, M., Landfeldt, B., Zeadally, S., & Zomaya, A. (2011). SLAs parameter negotiation between heteregeneous 4G wireless network operators. Elseveir Journal of Pervasive and Mobile Computing, 7(5), 525–544.
Acknowledgments
The authors would like to extend their sincere appreciation to the Deanship of Scientific Research at King Saud University for funding this research through Research Group Project (RG no. 1435-051).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Iftikhar, M., Mathkour, H., Imran, M. et al. A novel framework for G/M/1 queuing system based on scheduling-cum-polling mechanism to analyze multiple classes of self-similar and LRD traffic. Wireless Netw 22, 1269–1284 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11276-015-1001-5
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11276-015-1001-5