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Bandwidth sharing under the assured forwarding Per-Hop behavior

Partage de bande pour la Classe de Service Diffserv AF dans les RÉseaux IP

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Abstract

The DiffServ’s Assured Forwarding (af) Per-Hop Behavior (phb) Group defines a differentiated forwarding of packets in four independent classes, each class having three levels of drop precedence. Specific end-to-end services based on thisphb are still being defined. A particular type of service that could assure a given rate to a traffic aggregate has been outlined elsewhere. In such a service, a fair distribution of bandwidth is one of the main concerns.

This paper presents experimental work carried out to evaluate howaf distributes bandwidth among flows under different load conditions and traffic patterns. We focused on the effect that marking mechanisms have on bandwidth sharing among flows within a singleaf class. The traffic types we used includeudp flows, individual and aggregatedtcp flows, mix oftcp andudp, tcp sessions with heterogeneous round-trip times, as well as color-blind and color-aware re-marking at the aggregation point fortcp flows. Tests were performed on real and simulated networks.

We have found certain conditions under whichaf distributes bandwidth fairly among nonadaptiveudp flows andtcp aggregates. Finally, we evaluate a basic rule for setting the parameters of the two-rate Three-Color Marker conditioning algorithm (trtcm) in order to achieve a better bandwidth distribution fortcp flows.

Résumé

Dans le cadre de l’architecture DiffServ, le groupe de classes de relayage (phb) Acheminement Assuré (Assured Forwarding ouaf) permet un traitement différentié des paquetsip dans les routeurs. Ce groupe est constitué de quatre classes indépendantes, chacune comportant trois niveaux de priorité de rejet des paquets. Des services de bout en bout basés sur cet ensemble dephb ont été proposés dans la littérature, notamment des services dont le but est d’offrir un débit assuré à un agrégat de flux. Un des problèmes principaux d’un service à débit assuré est la répartition équitable de la bande passante entre les différents agrégats.

Cet article porte sur l’évaluation de la performance d’af, en ce qui concerne la distribution de la bande passante entre les flux. Nous nous intéressons notamment à l’impact des mécanismes de marquage sur le partage de la bande passante au sein d’une seule classeaf. Nous étudions divers scénarios de charge du réseau et de types de trafic, à savoir: des fluxudp ; des fluxtcp individuels et agrégés ; des mélanges de fluxtcp etudp ; des connexionstcp ayant des temps d’aller-retour hétérogènes ; enfin, des marqueurs sensibles ou non au marquage préalable des paquets, situés aux points d’agrégation des fluxtcp. Certains tests sont menés sur des réseaux réels (plates-formes d’expérimentation), d’autres expériences sont effectuées par simulation.

Nous trouvons des conditions sous lesquellesaf distribue équitablement la bande passante entre fluxudp non adaptatifs et agrégats de fluxtcp. Enfin, nous évaluons une règle simple pour ajuster les paramètres de l’algorithme de marquage trtcm (two-rate Three-Color Marker) afin d’obtenir une meilleure répartition de la bande passante entre fluxtcp.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. GET/ENST Bretagne, Rue de la Châtaigneraie, CS 17607, 35576, Cesson Sévigné cedex, France

    Octavio Medina, Julio Orozco & David Ros

  2. IRISA/INRIA Rennes, Campus Universitaire de Beaulieu, 35042, Rennes Cedex, France

    Julio Orozco

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  1. Octavio Medina
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  2. Julio Orozco
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Medina, O., Orozco, J. & Ros, D. Bandwidth sharing under the assured forwarding Per-Hop behavior. Ann. Télécommun. 59, 439–466 (2004). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03179705

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