Abstract
This paper presents an evaluation of several 3D face recognizers on the Bosphorus database which was gathered for studies on expression and pose invariant face analysis. We provide identification results of three 3D face recognition algorithms, namely generic face template based ICP approach, one-to-all ICP approach, and depth image-based Principal Component Analysis (PCA) method. All of these techniques treat faces globally and are usually accepted as baseline approaches. In addition, 2D texture classifiers are also incorporated in a fusion setting. Experimental results reveal that even though global shape classifiers achieve almost perfect identification in neutral-to-neutral comparisons, they are sub-optimal under extreme expression variations. We show that it is possible to boost the identification accuracy by focusing on the rigid facial regions and by fusing complementary information coming from shape and texture modalities.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Bowyer, K., Chang, K., Flynn, P.: A survey of approaches and challenges in 3D and multi-modal 3D + 2D face recognition. Computer Vision and Image Understanding 101, 1–15 (2006)
Phillips, P., Flynn, P., Scruggs, T., Bowyer, K., Chang, J., Hoffman, K., Marques, J., Min, J., Worek, W.: Overview of the face recognition grand challenge. In: Proc. of Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, vol. 1, pp. 947–954 (2005)
Savran, A., Alyüz, N., Dibeklioğlu, H., Çeliktutan, O., Gökberk, B., Akarun, L., Sankur, B.: Bosphorus database for 3D face analysis. In: First European Workshop on Biometrics and Identity Management Workshop (BioID 2008) (2008)
Ekman, P., Friesen, W.: Facial action coding system: A technique for the measurement of facial movement. Consulting Psychologists Press (1978)
Savran, A., Çeliktutan, O., Akyol, A., Trojanova, J., Dibeklioğlu, H., Esenlik, S., Bozkurt, N., Demirkır, C., Akagündüz, E., Çalıskan, K., Alyüz, N., Sankur, B., Ulusoy, İ., Akarun, L., Sezgin, T.M.: 3D face recognition performance under adversarial conditions. In: Proc. eNTERFACE 2007 Workshop on Multimodal Interfaces (2007)
Inspeck Mega Capturor II Digitizer: http://www.inspeck.com/
Gökberk, B., Dutağacı, H., Ulaş, A., Akarun, L., Sankur, B.: Representation plurality and fusion for 3D face recognition. IEEE Transactions on Systems Man and Cybernetics-Part B: Cybernetics 38(1), 155–173 (2008)
Salah, A.A., Akarun, L.: 3D facial feature localization for registration. In: Gunsel, B., Jain, A.K., Tekalp, A.M., Sankur, B. (eds.) MRCS 2006. LNCS, vol. 4105, pp. 338–345. Springer, Heidelberg (2006)
Besl, P., McKay, N.: A method for registration of 3-D shapes. IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence 14(2), 239–256 (1992)
İrfanoğlu, M., Gökberk, B., Akarun, L.: 3D shape-based face recognition using automatically registered facial surfaces. In: Proc. ICPR, vol. 4, pp. 183–186 (2004)
Gökberk, B., İrfanoğlu, M., Akarun, L.: 3D shape-based face representation and feature extraction for face recognition. Image and Vision Computing 24(8), 857–869 (2006)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2008 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this paper
Cite this paper
Alyüz, N. et al. (2008). 3D Face Recognition Benchmarks on the Bosphorus Database with Focus on Facial Expressions. In: Schouten, B., Juul, N.C., Drygajlo, A., Tistarelli, M. (eds) Biometrics and Identity Management. BioID 2008. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 5372. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-89991-4_7
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-89991-4_7
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-540-89990-7
Online ISBN: 978-3-540-89991-4
eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)