Structural measures for games and process control in the branch learning model | SpringerLink
Skip to main content

Structural measures for games and process control in the branch learning model

Extended abstract

  • Conference paper
  • First Online:
Computational Learning Theory (EuroCOLT 1997)

Part of the book series: Lecture Notes in Computer Science ((LNAI,volume 1208))

Included in the following conference series:

Abstract

Process control problems can be modeled as closed recursive games. Learning strategies for such games is equivalent to the concept of learning infinite recursive branches for recursive trees. We use this branch learning model to measure the difficulty of learning and synthesizing process controllers. We also measure the difference between several process learning criteria, and their difference to controller synthesis. As measure we use the information content (i.e. the Turing degree) of the oracle which a machine need to get the desired power.

The investigated learning criteria are finite, EX-, BC-, Weak BC- and online learning. Finite, EX- and BC-style learning are well known from inductive inference, while weak BC- and online learning came up with the new notion of branch (i.e. process) learning. For all considered criteria — including synthesis — we also solve the questions of their trivial degrees, their omniscient degrees and with some restrictions their inference degrees. While most of the results about finite, EX- and BC-style branch learning can be derived from inductive inference, new techniques had to be developed for online learning, weak BC-style learning and synthesis, and for the comparisons of all process learning criteria with the power of controller synthesis.

Supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) Graduiertenkolleg “Beherrschbarkeit komplexer Systeme” (GRK 209/2-96).

Supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) grant Am 60/9-1.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. L. Adleman and M. Blum. Inductive inference and unsolvability. Journal of Symbolic Logic, 56(3):891–900, 1991.

    Google Scholar 

  2. O. Arnold and K. P. Jantke. Therapy plan generation as program synthesis. In Proc. 5th Int. Workshop on Algorithmic Learning Theory, pages 40–55. Springer-Verlag, 1994.

    Google Scholar 

  3. L. Blum and M. Blum. Towards a mathematical theory of inductive inference. Information and Control, 28:125–155, 1975.

    Google Scholar 

  4. J. R. Büchi and L. H. Landweber. Solving sequential conditions by finite-state strategies. Transactions of the American Mathematical Society, 138:295–311, 1969.

    Google Scholar 

  5. J. Case, S. Kaufmann, E. Kinber, and M. Kummer. Learning recursive functions from approximations. In EuroCOLT'95, volume 904 of LNCS, pages 140–153. Springer-Verlag, 1995.

    Google Scholar 

  6. D. Cenzer and J. Remmel. Recursively presented games and strategies. Mathematical Social Sciences, 24:117–139, 1992.

    Google Scholar 

  7. O. Föllinger. Regelungstechnik. Hüthig, Heidelberg, 8th edition, 1994.

    Google Scholar 

  8. L. Fortnow, W. Gasarch, S. Jain, E. Kinber, M. Kummer, S. Kurtz, M. Pleszkoch, T. Slaman, R. Solovay, and F. Stephan. Extremes in the degrees of inferability. Annals of Pure and Applied Logic, 66:21–276, 1994.

    Google Scholar 

  9. E. M. Gold. Language identification in the limit. Information and Control, 10:447–474, 1967.

    Google Scholar 

  10. S. Kaufmann and M. Kummer. On a quantitative notion of uniformity. In Mathematical Foundations of Computer Science, volume 969 of LNCS, pages 169–178. Springer-Verlag, 1995.

    Google Scholar 

  11. M. Kummer and M. Ott. Effective strategies for enumeration games. In H. K. Büning, editor, Proceedings of Computer Science Logic CSL '95, pages 368–387, Berlin, 1996. Springer.

    Google Scholar 

  12. M. Kummer and M. Ott. Learning branches and learning to win closed games. In Proceedings of Ninth Annual Conference on Computational Learning Theory, pages 280–291, New York, 1996. ACM.

    Google Scholar 

  13. M. Kummer and F. Stephan. On the structure of degrees of inferability. Journal of Computer and System Sciences, 52(2):214–238, Apr. 1996.

    Google Scholar 

  14. A. H. Lachlan. On some games which are relevant to the theory of recursively enumerable sets. Annals of Mathematics, 91(2):291–310, 1970.

    Google Scholar 

  15. D. Luzeaux. Machine learning applied to the control of complex systems. In 8th International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and expert systems applications, Paris, France, 1996.

    Google Scholar 

  16. D. Luzeaux and E. Martin. Steps or stages for incremental control? In Symposium on training issues in incremental learning, Stanford University, CA, USA, 1993. AAAI-93 Spring Symposium Series.

    Google Scholar 

  17. O. Maler, A. Pnueli, and J. Sifakis. On the synthesis of discrete controllers for timed systems. In STACS 95, volume 900 of LNCS, pages 229–242. Springer-Verlag, 1995.

    Google Scholar 

  18. E. Martin. Oracles for learning programs. In IEEE International Conference on Systems Man Cybernetics, Le Touquet, France, 1993.

    Google Scholar 

  19. E. Martin, D. Luzeaux, and B. Zavidovique. Learning and control from a recursive viewpoint. In IEEE International Symposium on Intelligent Control, Glasgow, Ecosse, 1992.

    Google Scholar 

  20. R. McNaughton. Infinite games played on finite graphs. Annals of Pure and Applied Logic, 65:149–184, 1993.

    Google Scholar 

  21. W. T. Miller, R. S. Sutton, and P. J. Werbos, editors. Neural networks for control. MIT Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 1990.

    Google Scholar 

  22. K. S. Narendra and S. Mukhopadhyay. Intelligent control using neural networks. IEEE Control Systems Magazine, 12(5):11–18, April 1992.

    Google Scholar 

  23. P. Odifreddi. Classical Recursion Theory. North-Holland, Amsterdam, 1989.

    Google Scholar 

  24. D. Osherson, M. Stob, and S. Weinstein. Systems that Learn. MIT Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 1986.

    Google Scholar 

  25. M. Ott and F. Stephan. Structural measures for games and process control in the branch learning model. Technical report 39/96, Fakultät für Informatik, Universität Karsruhe, 1996.

    Google Scholar 

  26. M. Riedmiller. Learning to control dynamic systems. In R. Trappl, editor, Proceedings of the 13th. European Meeting on Cybernetics and Systems Research — 1996 (EMCSR '96), Vienna, 1996.

    Google Scholar 

  27. J. G. Thistle and W. M. Wonham. Control of infinite behavior of finite automata. SIAM Journal on Control and Optimization, 32(4):1075–1097, 1994.

    Google Scholar 

  28. W. Thomas. Automata on infinite objects. In J. van Leeuwen, editor, Handbook of Theoretical Computer Science, pages 133–191. Elsevier Science Publishers B. V., 1990.

    Google Scholar 

  29. W. Thomas. On the synthesis of strategies in infinite games. In STACS 95, volume 900 of LNCS, pages 1–13. Springer-Verlag, 1995.

    Google Scholar 

  30. W. Thomas and H. Lescow. Logical specification of infinite computations. In J. W. de Bakker, W.-P. de Roever, and G. Rozenberg, editors, A Decade of Concurrency: Reflections and Perspectives, volume 803 of LNCS, pages 583–621. Springer-Verlag, 1993.

    Google Scholar 

  31. D. A. White and D. A. Sofge, editors. Handbook of Intelligent Control. Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 1992.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Shai Ben-David

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1997 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this paper

Cite this paper

Ott, M., Stephan, F. (1997). Structural measures for games and process control in the branch learning model. In: Ben-David, S. (eds) Computational Learning Theory. EuroCOLT 1997. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 1208. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-62685-9_9

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-62685-9_9

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-540-62685-5

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-540-68431-2

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics