Abstract
In current CBR systems, case adaptation is usually performed by rule-based methods that use task-specific rules hand-coded by the system developer. The ability to define those rules depends on knowledge of the task and domain that may not be available a priori, presenting a serious impediment to endowing CBR systems with the needed adaptation knowledge. This paper describes ongoing research on a method to address this problem by acquiring adaptation knowledge from experience. The method uses reasoning from scratch, based on introspective reasoning about the requirements for successful adaptation, to build up a library of adaptation cases that are stored for future reuse. We describe the tenets of the approach and the types of knowledge it requires. We sketch initial computer implementation, lessons learned, and open questions for further study.
This work was supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant No. IRI-9409348.
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Dean Allemang. Review of the first European workshop on case based reasoning EWCBR-93. Case-Based Reasoning Newsletter, 2(3), 1993. Electronic newsletter, special interest group AK-CBR, German Society for Computer Science.
R. Barletta. A hybrid indexing and retrieval strategy for advisory CBR systems built with ReMind. In Proceedings of the Second European Workshop on CaseBased Reasoning, pages 49–58, Chantilly, France, 1994.
J. Berger. Using past repair episodes. Unpublished manuscript, August 1995.
J. Berger and K. Hammond. ROENTGEN: a memory-based approach to radiation therapy treatment. In R. Bareiss, editor, Proceedings of the Case-Based Reasoning Workshop, pages 203–214, San Mateo, 1991. DARPA, Morgan Kaufmann, Inc.
J. Carbonell. Learning by analogy: Formulating and generalizing plans from past experience. In R. Michalski, J. Carbonell, and T. Mitchell, editors, Machine Learning: An Artificial Intelligence Approach. Morgan Kaufmann, San Mateo, CA, 1983.
M. Cox. Machines that forget: Learning from retrieval failure of mis-indexed explanations. In Proceedings of the Sixteenth Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society, pages 225–230, Atlanta, GA, 1994.
R.J. Firby. Adaptive Execution in Complex Dynamic Worlds. PhD thesis, Yale University, 1989. Computer Science Department TR 672.
K. Hammond. Case-Based Planning: Viewing Planning as a Memory Task. Academic Press, San Diego, 1989.
T. Hinrichs. Problem Solving in Open Worlds: A Case Study in Design. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Hillsdale, NJ, 1992.
L. Hunter. Planning to learn. In Proceedings of the Twelfth Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society, pages 261–268, Cambridge, MA, July 1990. Cognitive Science Society.
A. Kass. Tweaker: Adapting old explanations to new situations. In R.C. Schank, C. Riesbeck, and A. Kass, editors, Inside Case-Based Explanation, chapter 8, pages 263–295. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, 1994.
A. Kennedy. Using a domain-independent introspection mechanism to improve memory search. In Proceedings of the 1995 AAAI Spring Symposium on Representing Mental States and Mechanisms, Stanford, CA, March 1995. AAAI.
J. Kolodner. Retrieval and Organizational Strategies in Conceptual Memory. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Hillsdale, NJ, 1984.
J. Kolodner. Improving human decision making through case-based decision aiding. The AI Magazine, 12(2):52–68, Summer 1991.
J. Kolodner. Case-Based Reasoning. Morgan Kaufmann, San Mateo, CA, 1993.
D. Leake. Evaluating Explanations: A Content Theory. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Hillsdale, NJ, 1992.
D. Leake. Towards a computer model of memory search strategy learning. In Proceedings of the Sixteenth Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society, pages 549–554, Atlanta, GA, 1994.
D. Leake. Workshop report: The AAAI-93 workshop on case-based reasoning. The AI Magazine, 15(1):63–64, 1994.
D. Leake. Combining rules and cases to learn case adaptation. In Proceedings of the Seventeenth Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society, Pittsburgh, PA, 1995. In press.
D. Leake. Representing self-knowledge for introspection about memory search. In Proceedings of the 1995 AAAI Spring Symposium on Representing Mental States and Mechanisms, pages 84–88, Stanford, CA, March 1995. AAAI.
S. Minton. Learning Search Control Knowledge: An Explanation-Based Approach. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Boston, 1988.
T. Mitchell, R. Keller, and S. Kedar-Cabelli. Explanation-based generalization: A unifying view. Machine Learning, 1(1):47–80, 1986.
Ashwin Ram. AQUA: Asking questions and understanding answers. In Proceedings of the Sixth Annual National Conference on Artificial Intelligence, pages 312–316, Seattle, WA, July 1987. Morgan Kaufmann Publishers, Inc.
M. Redmond. Learning by Observing and Understanding Expert Problem Solving. PhD thesis, College of Computing, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1992. Technical report GIT-CC-92/43.
E. Rissland, D. Skalak, and M.T. Friedman. Heuristic harvesting of information for case-based argument. In Proceedings of the Twelfth National Conference on Artificial Intelligence, pages 36–43, Seattle, WA, July 1994. AAAI.
Uriel Rosenthal, Michael Charles, and Paul Hart, editors. Coping with crises: The management of disasters, riots, and terrorism. C.C. Thomas, Springfield, IL, 1989.
R.C. Schank. Dynamic Memory: A Theory of Learning in Computers and People. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, England, 1982.
A. Segre. On the operationality/generality tradeoff in explanation-based learning. In Proceedings of the Tenth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence, Milan, Italy, August 1987. IJCAI.
K. Sycara. Using case-based reasoning for plan adaptation and repair. In J. Kolodner, editor, Proceedings of the Case-Based Reasoning Workshop, pages 425–434, Palo Alto, 1988. DARPA, Morgan Kaufmann, Inc.
M. Veloso. Planning and Learning by Analogical Reasoning. Springer Verlag, Berlin, 1994.
R. Wilensky. Knowledge representation—a critique and a proposal. In J. Kolodner and C. Riesbeck, editors, Experience, Memory and Reasoning, chapter 2, pages 15–28. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, 1986.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1995 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this paper
Cite this paper
Leake, D.B., Kinley, A., Wilson, D. (1995). Learning to improve case adaptation by introspective reasoning and CBR. In: Veloso, M., Aamodt, A. (eds) Case-Based Reasoning Research and Development. ICCBR 1995. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 1010. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-60598-3_21
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-60598-3_21
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-540-60598-0
Online ISBN: 978-3-540-48446-2
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive