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German leid

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German
Deutsch
Pronunciation[dɔʏtʃ]
Native taePrimarily German-speakin Europe, an aw in the warldwide German-speakin diaspora
EthnicityGerman fowk (historically)
Native speakers
90 million (2010)[1] to 95 million (2014)[2]
L2 speakers: 10–15 million (2014)[2][3]
Early forms
Staundart forms
Latin (German alphabet)
German Braille
Signed German, LBG
(Lautsprachbegleitende / Lautbegleitende Gebärden)
Offeecial status
Offeecial leid in


Several internaitional institutions
Recognised minority
leid in
Regulatit biNo offeecial regulation
(German orthografie regulatit bi the Cooncil for German Orthografie[4]).
Leid codes
ISO 639-1de
ISO 639-2ger (B)
deu (T)
ISO 639-3Variously:
deu – German
gmh – Middle Heich German
goh – Auld Heich German
gct – Colonia Tovar German
bar – Bavarian
cim – Cimbrian
geh – Hutterite German
ksh – Kölsch
nds – Law German[note 1]
sli – Lower Silesian
ltz – Luxembourgish[note 2]
vmf – Mainfränkisch
mhn – Mòcheno
pfl – Palatinate German
pdc – Pennsylvania German
pdt – Plautdietsch[note 3]
swg – Swabian German
gsw – Swiss German
uln – Unserdeutsch
sxu – Upper Saxon
wae – Walser German
wep – Westphalian
hrx – Riograndenser Hunsrückisch
yec – Yenish
Glottologhigh1287  Heich Franconian[6]
uppe1397  Upper German[7]
Linguasphere
further information
52-AC (Continental Wast Germanic)
> 52-ACB (Deutsch & Dutch)
> 52-ACB-d (Central German incl. 52-ACB–dl & -dm Staundart/Generalised Heich German)
+ 52-ACB-e & -f (Upper German & Swiss German)
+ 52-ACB-h (émigré German varieties incl. 52-ACB-hc Hutterite German & 52-ACB-he Pennsylvanie German etc.)
+ 52-ACB-i (Yenish);
Totallin 285 varieties: 52-ACB-daa to 52-ACB-i
  (Co-)Offeecial an majority leid
  Co-offeecial, but not majority leid
  Statutory minority/cultural leid
  Non-statutory minority leid
This article contains IPA phonetic seembols. Withoot proper renderin support, ye mey see quaisten merks, boxes, or ither seembols insteid o Unicode chairacters. For an introductory guide on IPA seembols, see Help:IPA.

German (Deutsch, pronouncit [dɔʏtʃ]) is a Wast Germanic leid, thus relatit tae an clessifee'd alangside Inglis an Dutch. It is ane o the warld's major leids an the maist widely spaken first leid in the European Union. Globally, German is spoken bi aboot 120 million hamespun speakers an aw bi aboot 80 million non-hamespun speakers. Standard German is widely taucht in schuils, varsities an Goethe Institutes warldwide.It is a naitional leid o Germany, Austrick, Liechtenstein, Swizzerland, Luxembourg, Belgium an the European Union.

  1. The status o Law German as a German variety or separate leid is subject tae discussion.[5]
  2. The status o Luxembourgish as a German variety or separate leid is subject tae discussion.[2]
  3. The status o Plautdietsch as a German variety or separate leid is subject tae discussion.[5]

References

[eedit | eedit soorce]
  1. Mikael Parkvall, "Världens 100 största språk 2010" (The World's 100 Largest Languages in 2010), in Nationalencyklopedin
  2. a b c Ammon, Ulrich (2014). Die Stellung der deutschen Sprache in der Welt (in German) (1st ed.). Berlin: de Gruyter. ISBN 978-3-11-019298-8. Retrieved 24 Julie 2015.[page needit]
  3. "Special Eurobarometer 386: Europeans and their languages" (PDF) (report). European Commission. Juin 2012. Archived frae the original (PDF) on 6 January 2016. Retrieved 24 July 2015.
  4. "Rat für deutsche Rechtschreibung – Über den Rat". Rechtschreibrat.ids-mannheim.de. Retrieved 11 October 2010.
  5. a b Jan Goossens: Niederdeutsche Sprache: Versuch einer Definition. In: Jan Goossens (Hrsg.): Niederdeutsch: Sprache und Literatur. Karl Wachholtz, 2. Auflage, Neumünster 1983, S. 27; Willy Sanders: Sachsensprache, Hansesprache, Plattdeutsch: sprachgeschichtliche Grundzüge des Niederdeutschen. Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, Göttingen 1982, ISBN 3-525-01213-6, S. 32 f.; Dieter Stellmacher: Niederdeutsche Sprache. 2. Auflage, Weidler, Berlin 2000, ISBN 3-89693-326-4, S. 92.
  6. Nordhoff, Sebastian; Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds. (2013). "Heich Franconian". Glottolog. Leipzig: Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology.
  7. Nordhoff, Sebastian; Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds. (2013). "Alpine Germanic". Glottolog. Leipzig: Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology.