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. 2012 Feb 1;8(1):27-36.
doi: 10.2174/157340512799220625.

A Review of Shearwave Dispersion Ultrasound Vibrometry (SDUV) and its Applications

Matthew W Urban  1 , Shigao Chen, Mostafa Fatemi
Affiliations

A Review of Shearwave Dispersion Ultrasound Vibrometry (SDUV) and its Applications

Matthew W Urban et al. Curr Med Imaging Rev. .

Abstract

Measurement of tissue elasticity has emerged as an important advance in medical imaging and tissue characterization. However, soft tissue is inherently a viscoelastic material. One way to characterize the viscoelastic material properties of a material is to measure shear wave propagation velocities within the material at different frequencies and use the dispersion of the velocities, or variation with frequency, to solve for the material properties. Shearwave Dispersion Ultrasound Vibrometry (SDUV) is an ultrasound-based technique that uses this feature to characterize the viscoelastic nature of soft tissue. This method has been used to measure the shear elasticity and viscosity in various types of soft tissues including skeletal muscle, cardiac muscle, liver, kidney, prostate, and arterial vessels. This versatile technique provides measurements of viscoelastic material properties with high spatial and temporal resolution, which can be used for assessing these properties in normal and pathologic tissues. The goals of this paper are to 1) give an overview of viscoelasticity and shear wave velocity dispersion, 2) provide a history of the development of the SDUV method, and 3) survey applications for SDUV that have been previously reported.

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Conflict of interest statement

Disclosure of conflict of interest: Mayo Clinic and Drs. Urban and Chen have a financial interest in the technology used in this research.

Figures

Fig. (1)
Fig. (1)
Shear wave velocity dispersion for liver and skeletal muscle across and along the muscle fibers.
Fig. (2)
Fig. (2)
Experimental setups for SDUV experiments. (a) Implementation of SDUV with two transducers with a transducer to generate a push (solid) and another transducer to perform detection (dashed). (b) Implementation of SDUV with an array transducer with electronically focused push (solid) and detection (dashed) beams.
Fig. (3)
Fig. (3)
Radiation force functions for pulsed SDUV with fr = 100 Hz. (a) Tb = 200 μs, (b) Tb = 400 μs.
Fig. (4)
Fig. (4)
In vivo SDUV measurement made in porcine liver. (a) Vibration measurement of seven repeated radiation force applications at 100 Hz repetition rate. (b) Vibration measurement at a location 2 mm lateral to the measurement shown in (a). (c) Phase versus distance for 100, 200, 300, and 400 Hz used for phase gradient estimation of shear wave speed. (d) Shear wave speeds are shown as open circles and the solid line is fit to the Voigt model yielding μ1 = 2.4 kPa and μ2 = 2.1 Pa·s. [© 2009 IEEE. Reproduced with permission from [5].]
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