Asụsụ Dogon
obere ụdị nke | Asụsụ Atlantic-Congo, Asụsụ Benue-Congo |
---|---|
mba/obodo | Mali |
ụmụ amaala ka | Mopti Region |
ụdị asụsụ | subject–object–verb |
Asụsụ Dogon bụ obere ezinụlọ asụsụ nwere njikọ chiri anya nke Ndị Dogon nke Mali na-asụ ma nwee ike ịbụ nke Ezinụlọ Niger-Congo. E nwere ihe dị ka ndị na-asụ 600,000 nke asụsụ iri na abụọ. Ha bụ asụsụ ụda, ọtụtụ n'ime ha, dị ka Dogul, nwere ụda abụọ, mana ụfọdụ, dị ka Donno Ya, nwere atọ. usoro okwu ha bụ isiokwu-ihe-okwu.
Mmekọrịta mpụga
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]Ihe akaebe na-ejikọta Dogon na Ezinụlọ Niger-Congo bụ nọmba ole na ole na ụfọdụ okwu ndị a na-ahụkarị. A tụwo aro echiche dị iche iche, na-etinye ha na Gur, Mande, ma ọ bụ dị ka alaka kwụụrụ onwe ya, nke ikpeazụ ugbu a bụ ụzọ kachasị mma. Asụsụ Dogon na-egosi ihe ole na ole fọdụrụ na usoro klas aha nke ọtụtụ Niger-Congo, na-eduga ndị ọkà mmụta asụsụ ikwubi na ha nwere ike ịpụ na Niger-Cong n'oge. [citation needed]
Roger Blench kwuru, na: [1] Asụsụ Bamana na Fula enweela mmetụta dị ukwuu na Dogon, n'ihi njikọ chiri anya nke ọdịbendị na ala.
[2]Blench (2015) na-eche na asụsụ Bangime na Dogon nwere ike ịnwe substrate sitere na alaka "efu efu" nke Nilo-Saharan nke kewara n'oge na Proto-Nilo-Sacharan, ma na-akpọ alaka ahụ "Plateau".
Nchịkọta n'ime
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]Ndị Dogon na-ewere onwe ha dị ka otu agbụrụ, mana ha ghọtara na asụsụ ha dị iche. Na cosmology Dogon, Dogon mejupụtara isii n'ime asụsụ iri na abụọ nke ụwa (ndị ọzọ bụ Fulfulde, Mooré, Bambara, Bozo na Tamasheq). [3] A na-eche na Jamsay bụ asụsụ Dogon mbụ, mana ndị Dogon "na-amata ọtụtụ obere ọdịiche ọbụna n'etiti akụkụ nke obodo nta na mgbe ụfọdụ ndị mmadụ n'otu n'otu, ma na-agba mbọ ichebe ndị a" (Hochstetler 2004:18).
Asụsụ Dogon a kacha mụọ bụ asụsụ escarpment Toro Ya nke Sanga, n'ihi ọmụmụ Marcel Griaule n'ebe ahụ na n'ihi na a họọrọ Toro So dị ka otu n'ime Asụsụ mba iri na atọ nke Mali. Ọ na-aghọta onwe ya na ụdị ndị ọzọ dị n'elu ugwu. Otú ọ dị, asụsụ ndị dị larịị - Tene Ka, Tomo Ka, na Jamsay, nke Toro na-aghọtaghị - nwere ọtụtụ ndị na-ekwu okwu.
Asụsụ Bangime ( Ba géŋri mɛ), ụfọdụ na-ewere ya dị ka alaka dị iche iche nke Dogon na ndị ọzọ nwere ike ịbụ asụsụ dịpụrụ adịpụ (Blench 2005b).
Calame-Griaule (1956)
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]Calame-Griaule yiri ka ọ bụ onye mbụ rụrụ ọrụ dị iche iche nke Dogon. Calame-Griaule (1956) kewara asụsụ dị ka ndị a, na-enye ohere maka asụsụ ndị a chọpụtara kemgbe (a kọrọ asụsụ Dogon ọhụrụ na ngwụcha afọ 2005), ma ọ bụ kemgbe egosila na ha na-aghọta ibe ha (dị ka Hochstetler kwupụtara maka olumba escarpment). Asụsụ abụọ a na-asụkarị bụ asterisked.
- Plains Dogon: Jamsai,*Tɔrɔ tegu, Western Plains (dialects: Togo kã, Tengu kã, Tomo kã)
- Escarpment Dogon (dialects: Tɔrɔ sɔɔ,*Tommo so, Donno sɔ Templeeti:Sm Kamma sɔ)
- West Dogon: Duleri, Mombo, Ampari–Penange; Budu
- North Plateau Dogon: Bondum, Dogul
- Yanda
- Nanga: Naŋa, Bankan Tey (Walo), Ben Tey
- Tebul
Douyon na Blench (2005) na-akọ ihe dị iche iche ọzọ, nke a na-edebeghị aha ya:
Blench kwuru na ọnụọgụ ọnụọgụ na aha na-egosi na Budu kacha nso na Mombo, n'ihi ya, a gụnyere ya dị ka West Dogon n'elu. Ọ na-ekwukwa na Walo-Kumbe yiri Naŋa; Hochstetler na-enyo enyo na ọ nwere ike ịbụ Naŋa. Enwere ike ịkekọrịta myirịta dị n'etiti asụsụ ndị a na Yanda. A maghị nke ọma ihe ndị a niile.
Glottolog 4.3
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]Glottolog 4.3 [4] jikọtara nkewa sitere na Moran & Prokić (2013) na Hochstetler (2004). Moran & Prokić (2013) na-arụ ụka maka nkewa abụọ n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ-ọdịda anyanwụ n'ime Dogon, na Yanda Dom Dogon, Tebul Ure Dogon, da Najamba-Kindige dị ka asụsụ Dogon ọdịda anyanwụ nke na-adịwanye ka asụsụ Dogons nke ọwụwa Anyanwụ n'ihi mkpakọrịta siri ike.
- Nkewa ọdịda anyanwụ
- Dogon nke Ebe Ọdịda Anyanwụ
- Ampari Dogon
- Bunoge Dogon
- Mombo Dogon
- Penange Dogon
- Tiranige Diga Dogon
- North Plateau Dogon
- Dogul Dom Dogon
- Yanda-Bondum-Tebul
- Najamba-Kindige: Bondum Dom, Kindige, Najamba
- Tebul Ure Dogon
- Yanda-Ana
- Dogon nke Ebe Ọdịda Anyanwụ
- Nkewa Ọwụwa Anyanwụ
- Ugwu Dogon
- Donno So Dogon
- Tommo So Dogon
- Toro So Dogon: Ibi So, Ireli, Sangha So, Yorno So, Youga So
- Nangan Dogon
- Bankan Tey Dogon
- Ben Tey Dogon
- Nkọwa Nkọwa
- Ala Dị Larịị nke Dogon
- Jamsay Dogon: Bama, Domno, Gono, Guru, Perge Tegu
- Toro Tegu Dogon
- Ebe Ọdịda Anyanwụ Dogon
- Tengou-Togo Dogon: Gimri Kan, Tengu Kan, Tenu Kan, Togo Kan, Woru Kan
- Tomo Kan Dogon
- Ugwu Dogon
Okwu ntụnyere
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]Ntụnyere nke okwu ndị bụ isi nke asụsụ Dogon, [5] tinyere Bangime: [6]
Asụsụ | Ebe | anya | ntị | imi | ezé | ire | ọnụ | ọbara | ọkpụkpụ | osisi | mmiri | Iri nri | aha |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Yorno-So | Nkọwapụta | Ọgba aghara | China | Ọ bụ n'oge ochie | nɛ́nɛ́, nɛ́nɛ̌ː | Cañó, Ángá | ìllîː | kǐː | náː | dǐː | Kaː | Bọy | |
Toro Tegu | Tabi | Ọ ga-abụrịrị na ọ ga-abụ na ọ ga | Suguuru | Ihe omuma di iche iche | Ọ dị njọ | Lee | Ka | néŋ | Ihe omuma di iche iche | náː, X nà | ní | Ọ bụ n'ihi na ọ bụ n'oge ahụ ka a na-akpọ | ìsǒŋ |
Ben Tey | Beni | Ọrịa | ebe | Okirikiri | N'ịgbasa, n'ịgbasị | Ọ bụ n'oge a na-adịghị anya ka a na-akpọ "Aghere" | mǒː, m̀bǒː | Gohnọ | cyrnéy | náː, nàː-dûm | Nịlịː | Ugboro ole na ole | Ọ bụ n'oge na-adịghị anya |
Yanda Dom | Yanda | N'ebe ahụ, | N'ihi ya, ọ bụ | Kínzà | Anya | Ọgba aghara | Ebe a na-aga, ebe a na-anọ | Ọ bụ ebe a na-eme ihe | Òrnà | Ihe omuma, ihe omuma, N'anya: | na-adịbeghị anya | ʔə́ñɛ́ ~ ʔəñɛ́-lì | na |
Jamsay | Douentza | Ọrịa | Sunu | okirikiri | N'ịbụ onye e ji mee ihe | Ọ bụ n'oge a ka a na-eme ka a ghara ịrụ ọrụ | Kaː | snow | ciro | náː | níː | N'ihi ya, ọ bụ n'oge a ka a na-eme ka a mara ya | bọn |
Perge Tegu | Pergué | Nkọwa | N'ihi ya, ọ bụ n'ihi na | kírné | N'ịbụ onye e ji mee ihe | Ọ bụ n'ihi na ọ bụ n'oge ahụ ka a na-akpọ | Kaː | snowm | Òtù | náː | níː | N'ihi ya, ọ bụ n'oge a ka a na-eme ka a mara ya | sórnú |
Gourou | Kiri | Nkọwa | N'oge na-adịghị anya | kírné | N'ịbụ onye e ji mee ihe | Ọ bụ n'oge a ka a na-eme ka a ghara ịrụ ọrụ | Kaː | snow | Òtù | Ọ bụ ezie na ọ bụ onye ọzọ | níː | N'ihi ya, ọ bụ n'oge a ka a na-eme ka a mara ya | bọn |
Nanga | Na-agagharị | Nkọwa | Ọdịdị elu | kírnê | N'ihi ya, ọ bụ n'ihi ya ka a na-eme ka ndị mmadụ ghara ịna-eme ihe. | N'ihi na ọ bụ n'oge a ka a na-eme ihe | nɔ̌ː | Gondùgo | Òrna | deː, nàː dueː | Nịlịː | kɔ́ː | N'ihi ya, ọ bụ n'ihi ya ka a na-akpọ |
Bankan-Tey | Walo | Nkọwa | Sunu | okirikiri | N'ihi ya, ọ bụ n'ihi ya | Ọmụmụ ihe | mbǔː | Gohnọ | Ọ̀tụ̀tụ̀ | nàː-dûm | Nịlịː | Ugboro ole na ole | N'ihi ya, ọ bụ n'ihi ya ka a na-akpọ N'ihi na ọ bụ n"ụlọ |
Najamba | Kubewel-Adia | Ọ kọọrọ ya | súnùː ~ súnìː | kìnjâː ~ kìnjɛ̂ː | ìnɔ̌ː ~ ìnɛ̌ː | nɛ̌ndɔː ~ nɛ̌̀ː | ìbí-ŋgé ~ ìbí | sèn-ge ~ sèn | kìná-ŋgó ~ kìná | N'ihi na ọ bụ n'ihi na | íŋgé ~ íŋgé, ínjé ~ ínjé | kwɛ́ | inèn ~ inèn |
Tommo-So | Tongo-Tongo | Nkọwa | Sugulú | kenu | ìnú | N'ihi ya, ọ bụ n'ihi na ọ bụ n"ụlọ | Mkpịsị ugodi, mkpịsị | ìlìyé | Mmekọrịta | Ihe nnọchianya | diị | Nchịkọta | Bọy |
Togo-Kan | Koporo-pen | Nkọwa | Suguuru | kírní | N'ihi ya, ọ bụ n'oge a ka a na-eme ya | Ọgba aghara | Kyati | Ọgba | Nwaanyị | náː | díː | ñíː ~ ñíː | Mmanụ ala |
Mombo | Songho | Gírè | N'ihi ya, ọ ga-abụrịrị na ọ ga-anọ n'ụlọ | Chinese Ya | n'otu oge | nèːndé | Ọ bụ n'afọ iri na ụma ka a na-eme | Gen: ge | gàːwněː | Tiníŋgɔ | Ọganihu: | Nri: | na-adị n'obodo |
Ọkụ ọkụ[6] | ɡìré | tàŋà | Sumbí-rì | n n n n síìn | nóɔ́ n ʒɛ́rí | N'ebe a na-akpọ | Gị onwe gị | nnò́rɛ̀ | dwàà, dwàɛ̀ | N'ihi ya, ọ bụ ihe a kpọrọ | Ụbọchị-ụbọchị | (màá) níì |
Ọnụ ọgụgụ
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]Ntụnyere nke ọnụọgụ n'asụsụ ọ bụla: [7]
Asụsụ | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Dogulu Dom (1) | Tọn | Néɡè | na-aga ebe | Nkwupụta | N'anya | kúlè | Saịọọọọ | Mmiri ozuzo | Tuùwɔ́ | Ọnyà |
Dogul Dom Dogon (2) | Ọkpụkpọ | nɛiɡe | taandu | N'ihi ya, ọ bụ n'oge a ka a na-eme ihe nkiri | n'ihi na | kuloi | N'oge a | Seele | tuwɔ | Nkwupụta |
Tommo So Dogon | tií (túmɔ́ dị ka onye na-agbanwe agbanwe) | amụrụ | tàndú | Ọchịchị | N'ihi na ọ bụ n'oge a ka a na-akpọ | kúlóy | Saịdịa | ɡáɡìrà | Tuwwɔ́ | Ọnyà |
Donno So Dogon | tí (maka ịgụta ọnụ), túru | Ọ bụ n'ihi ya ka a na-akpọ | tàːnu | Iji jụọ | nọmba / nnɔ | kúlóy / kulei | Saịdịa | ɡàɡara | Tuo / tuɡɔ | Ọnyà |
Jamsay Dogon | gị | Ọ bụ n'oge a ka a na-akpọ | tǎːn / tàːn | nǎyn / nàyn * | N'oge a na-adịghị anya | kúróy | seguryn | ɡáːrà | láːrúwà / láːrwà | Ọrịa |
Toro So Dogon (1) | Ntinye (maka ịgụta ọnụ), túrú | mkpụrụedemede | N'ihi ya, ọ bụ | Naji | Númfoɔ́́́́ | kúlòj | sɔj | ɡáárà | Tuwɔ́ | Ọrịa |
Toro So Dogon (2) | tíírú (maka ịgụta ọnụ), túrú | Lee | N'ihi ya, ọ bụ n'oge ahụ ka a na-akpọ | onye na-egwu mmiri | N'ihi ya, ọ bụ n'oge ahụ ka a na-eme ihe nkiri | kúlóí | Saịdi | ɡáɡá | Tuwɔ́ | Ọnyà |
Toro Tegu Dogon | gị | Ọ bụ n'oge ahụ ka a na-eme ya | tǎːlí | Ọ bụ n'oge ahụ ka a na-akpọ nǎyn | Na-eme n'oge na-adịghị anya | kúréy | sonyn | ɡáːrà | Ọ bụ mgbe a ka a ga-asị na ọ bụ | Ọnyà |
Bankan Tey Dogon | Tumá | jǒj | tàːní | N'ihi ya | Númmǔjn | N'oge a | síjnɔjn | ɡáːràj | Isi: | Ọdịda Anyanwụ |
Ben Tey Dogon | Pọs: | Ihe omuma banyere ya | tànúː | N'ihi ya: | Númǔyn | N'oge a | súynɔ́yn | ɡáːrày | Isiokwu: | Ọrịa |
Mombo Dogon | Ọ́ bụ ọ́bọ̀ ọ́bòi (n'ịgụ) | nɛ́ːŋɡá | tandːndì | Mkpụrụ ego:jɔ́ | núːmù | kúléyn | sɔ́ːlì | Seːle | t. | Ọdịdị dị mfe |
Najamba-Kindige | ebe a na-anọ | nôːj | tàːndîː | Mkpụrụ ego | Númîː | kúlèj | swɛ̂j | sáːɡìː | twâj | Piereli |
Nkọwa Nkọwa | Tutema | N'ihi ya, ọ bụ | tàːndǐː | nɔ̌jn | N'ihi ya, | kúrê | N'ihi ya, ọ bụ n'oge ahụ ka a na-eme ya | ɡáːrɛ̀ | Isiokwu: Isiokwu: | Ọdịda Anyanwụ |
Togo Kan Dogon (1) | gị | Rọy | Ọ bụ mgbe ahụ ka ọ na-eme | Ọgwụ | Núnen | kúréé | Saịdoro | Isi ọwụwa | Tuwa | Ọrịa |
Togo Kan Dogon (2) | gị | Rọchịchị | tann | náɲì | ihe atụ | kúlèn | Ahịa | ee | ị na-eme | Ọdịdị dị mfe |
Yanda Dom Dogon | Gị: | nɔ́ː / n'efu | ebe | Ihe a na-ekwu maka ya | num | kúlé | swɛ́ː | Saːɡè | twâː | piel |
Hụkwa
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]- Asụsụ nke Mali
- Ndepụta okwu Dogon (Wiktionary)
Ihe edeturu
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]- ↑ Roger Blench, Niger-Congo: an alternative view
- ↑ Blench, Roger. 2015. Was there a now-vanished branch of Nilo-Saharan on the Dogon Plateau? Evidence from substrate vocabulary in Bangime and Dogon. In Mother Tongue, Issue 20, 2015: In Memory of Harold Crane Fleming (1926–2015).
- ↑ The last is not mentioned in Hochstetler's sources.
- ↑ Glottolog 4.3.
- ↑ Heath, Jeffrey; McPherson, Laura; Prokhorov, Kirill; Moran, Steven. 2015. Dogon Comparative Wordlist. Unpublished Manuscript.
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 Heath, Jeffrey. 2013. Bangime and Dogon Comparative Wordlists. m.s.
- ↑ Chan (2019). The Niger-Congo Language Phylum. Numeral Systems of the World's Languages.
Edensibia
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]- Bendor-Samuel, John & Olsen, Elizabeth J. & White, Ann R. (1989) 'Dogon', na Bendor- Samuel & Rhonda L. Hartell (ed.) Asụsụ Niger-Congo: Nchịkọta na nkọwa nke ezinụlọ asụsụ kachasị ukwuu n'Africa (pp. 169-177). Lanham, Maryland: University Press of America.
- Bertho, J. (1953) 'Ebe asụsụ Dogon nke ugwu Bandiagara n'etiti ìgwè asụsụ ndị ọzọ nke mpaghara Sudan,' Bulletin de l'IFAN, 15, 405-441.
- .Blench (2005a). "A survey of Dogon languages in Mali: Overview". OGMIOS: Newsletter of Foundation for Endangered Languages 3.02 (26): 14–15. Retrieved on 2011-06-30.
- Blench, Roger (2005b) 'Baŋgi me, asụsụ a na-amaghị ama na Northern Mali', OGMIOS: Newsletter of Foundation for Endangered Languages, 3.02 (# 26), 15-16. (akụkọ nwere ndepụta okwu)
- Calame-Griaule, Geneviève (1956) Asụsụ Dogon. [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji]
- Calame-Griaule, Geneviève (1968) Dictionnaire Dogon Dialecte tɔrɔ: Asụsụ na Mmepeanya. Paris: Klincksieck: Paris.
- Heath, Jeffrey (2008) A grammar of Jamsay. Berlin/New York: Nwa atụrụ Gruyter.
- (2004) in Hochstetler: Sociolinguistic Survey of the Dogon Language Area. Retrieved on 2021-02-22.
- Moran (2013). "Investigating the Relatedness of the Endangered Dogon Languages". Literary and Linguistic Computing 28 (4): 676–691. DOI:10.1093/llc/fqt061.
- Plungian, Vladimir Aleksandrovič (1995) Dogon (Asụsụ nke ihe ndị dị n'ụwa mpịakọta 64). München: LINCOM Europe
- Williamson, Kay & Blench, Roger (2000) 'Niger-Congo', na Heine, Bernd and Nurse, Derek (eds) African Languages - An Introduction. Cambridge: Cambridge University press, peeji nke 11-42.
Njikọ mpụga
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
- Dogon na Bangime Asụsụ
- Ebe nrụọrụ weebụ asụsụ Dogon
- Asụsụ Dogon na Rogerblench.info (gụnyere data asụsụ na foto)
- Asụsụ Dogon na Asụsụ An (sic) Comprehensive Annotated Bibliography Abbie Hantgan (2007)