Persa

Persa
Nomine native:	فارسی
instantia de:	lingua natural[], lingua moderne[], macrolanguage[], specialitate[], field of study[], dialect continuum[], lingua[], familia linguistic, dialect group[]
subclasse de:	New Persian[*]
parte de:	languages of Iran[*]
Create per:	{{{creator}}}
Contexto:	{{{contexto}}}
Parlate in:	{{{statos}}}
	{{{region}}}
Periodo:	{{{periodo}}}
Personas:	45 000 000
Scriptura:	Persian alphabet, Arabic script
Typologia:	{{{typologia}}}
Phylogenese:
Statuto official
Nationes:	nulle
Regulate per:	Academy of Persian Language and Literature, Academy of Sciences of Afghanistan, Rudaki Institute of Language and Literature
Codices de position
ISO 639-1	fa
ISO 639-2	fas, per
ISO 639-3	fas
Glottolog	fars1254
LinguistList	[1]
Linguasphere	[2]
IETF ID	fa
SIL	{{{sil}}}
SIL	{{{sil2}}}
Wikimedia ID	fa
Extracto in lingua
	Declaration universal del derectos del homine - Art.1; {{{extracto}}}
	Le Patre Nostre; {{{extracto2}}}
	Translitteration; {{{translitteration}}}
Commons:	Persian language
categoria principal:	Category:Persian language

Persa^[1] (nomine native: فارسی, Fārsi) es un lingua iranian in le branca indo-iranian del linguas indoeuropee que es largemente parlate in Iran, Afghanistan, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan e a alcun extento in Armenia, Irak, Bahrain, e Oman. Illo es le lingua official de Iran, Afghanistan, e Tajikistan.

Persa, cuje nomine es فارسی Fārsi ("persa"), Dari (le dialecto parlate in Afghanistan) o Fārsi-ye-Dari, pote ser classificate linguisticamente como un continuation de persa medie, le lingua religiose e litterari official de Persia Sassanian, que era un continuation de persa ancian, le lingua del Imperio Persian in le era Achaemenid.^[2] Persa es un lingua pluricentric e su grammatica simula illo de multe linguas europee contemporari.^[3] Persa ha essite un medio pro contributiones litterari e scientific al parte oriental del mundo islamic.

Persa habeva un influentia significante al linguas in proximitate geographic, in particular altere linguas iranic que vicina lo; le linguas turchic in Asia Central, le Caucaso, e Anatolia; e etiam armenio, arabe e altere linguas. Illo habeva anque un influentia forte al linguas de Asia del sud, specialmente urdu, e alsi hindi, punjabi, sindhi, saraiki, sylheti, e bengali.^[2]^[3]^[4]^[5]^[6]^[7]

Referentias

↑ Derivation: Entitates: 1. (it) Lingua persiana || 2. (es) Idioma persa || (pt) Língua persa || 3. (fr) Persan || 4. (en) Persian language || Controlo: (de) Persische Sprache || (ru) Персидский язык || - (Extra): (la) Lingua Persica
↑ ^2,0 ^2,1 Professor. Gilbert Lazard, : The language known as New Persian, which usually is called at this period (early Islamic times) by the name of Dari or Parsi-Dari, can be classified linguistically as a continuation of Middle Persian, the official religious and literary language of Sassanian Iran, itself a continuation of Old Persian, the language of the Achaemenids. Unlike the other languages and dialects, ancient and modern, of the Iranian group such as Avestan, Parthian, Soghdian, Kurdish, Balochi, Pashto, etc., Old Middle and New Persian represent one and the same language at three states of its history. It haed its origin in Fars (the true Persian kintra frae the historical point o view) an is differentiatit bi dialectical features, still easy recognisable frae the dialect prevailin in north-wastren an eastren Iran in (Lazard, Gilbert 1975, “The Rise of the New Persian Language” in Frye, R. N., The Cambridge History of Iran, Vol. 4, pp. 595–632, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
↑ ^3,0 ^3,1 Richard Davis, “Persian” in Josef W. Meri, Jere L. Bacharach, “Medieval Islamic Civilization”, Taylor & Francis, 2006. Ppg 602-603. “The grammar of New Persian is similar to many contemporary European languages.” “Persian has, in general, confined its borrowings from Arabic to lexical items, and its morphology is relatively unaffected by the influence of Arabic, being confined to a few conventions such as (usually optional) use of Arabic plurals for Arabic-derived words (as an English speaker may use Latin plurals for Latin loan words in English)... Similarly, the core vocabulary of Persian continued to be derived from Pahlavi, but Arabic lexical items predominated for more abstract or abstruse subjects and often replaced their Persian equivalents in polite discourse.”
↑ Lazard, Gilbert, "Pahlavi, Pârsi, dari: Les langues d'Iran d'apès Ibn al-Muqaffa" in R.N. Frye, "Iran and Islam. In Memory of the late Vladimir Minorsky", Edinburgh University Press, 1971.
↑ Nushin Namazi (2008-11-24). Persian Loan Words in Arabic. Archivo del original create le 2011-05-20. Recuperate le 2009-06-01.
↑ Classe, Olive (2000). Encyclopedia of literary translation into English. Taylor & Francis, 1057. ISBN 978-1-884964-36-7. “Since the Arab conquest of the country in 7th century AD, many loan words have entered the language (which from this time has been written with a slightly modified version of the Arabic script) and the literature has been heavily influenced by the conventions of Arabic literature.”
↑ Ann K. S. Lambton, "Persian grammar", Cambridge University Press, Cambridge University Press 1953. Excerpt: "The Arabic words incorporated into the Persian language have become Persianized".

Nota

Iste pagina contine material traducite ab Wikipedia in scotese. Le articulo original se trova a sco:Persie leid, e es usate secundo le mandatos del licentia de Wikipedia.

[1] Derivation: Entitates: 1. (it) Lingua persiana || 2. (es) Idioma persa || (pt) Língua persa || 3. (fr) Persan || 4. (en) Persian language || Controlo: (de) Persische Sprache || (ru) Персидский язык || - (Extra): (la) Lingua Persica

[Lazard-2] 2,0 ^2,1 Professor. Gilbert Lazard, : The language known as New Persian, which usually is called at this period (early Islamic times) by the name of Dari or Parsi-Dari, can be classified linguistically as a continuation of Middle Persian, the official religious and literary language of Sassanian Iran, itself a continuation of Old Persian, the language of the Achaemenids. Unlike the other languages and dialects, ancient and modern, of the Iranian group such as Avestan, Parthian, Soghdian, Kurdish, Balochi, Pashto, etc., Old Middle and New Persian represent one and the same language at three states of its history. It haed its origin in Fars (the true Persian kintra frae the historical point o view) an is differentiatit bi dialectical features, still easy recognisable frae the dialect prevailin in north-wastren an eastren Iran in (Lazard, Gilbert 1975, “The Rise of the New Persian Language” in Frye, R. N., The Cambridge History of Iran, Vol. 4, pp. 595–632, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

[Richard_Davis_2006._pp._602-603-3] 3,0 ^3,1 Richard Davis, “Persian” in Josef W. Meri, Jere L. Bacharach, “Medieval Islamic Civilization”, Taylor & Francis, 2006. Ppg 602-603. “The grammar of New Persian is similar to many contemporary European languages.” “Persian has, in general, confined its borrowings from Arabic to lexical items, and its morphology is relatively unaffected by the influence of Arabic, being confined to a few conventions such as (usually optional) use of Arabic plurals for Arabic-derived words (as an English speaker may use Latin plurals for Latin loan words in English)... Similarly, the core vocabulary of Persian continued to be derived from Pahlavi, but Arabic lexical items predominated for more abstract or abstruse subjects and often replaced their Persian equivalents in polite discourse.”

[Lazard,_Gilbert_1971-4] Lazard, Gilbert, "Pahlavi, Pârsi, dari: Les langues d'Iran d'apès Ibn al-Muqaffa" in R.N. Frye, "Iran and Islam. In Memory of the late Vladimir Minorsky", Edinburgh University Press, 1971.

[Nushin_Namazi-5] Nushin Namazi (2008-11-24). Persian Loan Words in Arabic. Archivo del original create le 2011-05-20. Recuperate le 2009-06-01.

[Classe_2000_1057-6] Classe, Olive (2000). Encyclopedia of literary translation into English. Taylor & Francis, 1057. ISBN 978-1-884964-36-7. “Since the Arab conquest of the country in 7th century AD, many loan words have entered the language (which from this time has been written with a slightly modified version of the Arabic script) and the literature has been heavily influenced by the conventions of Arabic literature.”

[lambtonexcerpt-7] Ann K. S. Lambton, "Persian grammar", Cambridge University Press, Cambridge University Press 1953. Excerpt: "The Arabic words incorporated into the Persian language have become Persianized".

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