Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/peťi

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *pektei, from Proto-Indo-European *pékʷeti. Cognate with Lithuanian kèpti, Latvian cept (via metathesis), Proto-Celtic *kʷokʷeti, Proto-Italic *kʷekʷō (whence English cook from Latin coquō), Proto-Indo-Iranian *páčati, Albanian pjek.

Akin to the Vulgar Latin loanword копторъ (koptorŭ, “cooker, hovel”) in demotic Church Slavonic (spec. Middle Bulgarian).

Verb

*peťì impf (perfective *peknǫti)

1. to bake
2. (reflexive) to get motivated, to put effort into, to care for

Conjugation

Conjugation of *peťi, *peče, *pečetь (impf., -C-, _/ox-aorist, accent paradigm c)

Verbal noun	Infinitive	Supine	L-participle
*pečenьje	*peťi	*peťь	*peklъ

	Participles
Tense	Past	Present
Passive	*pečenъ	*pekomъ
Active	*pekъ	*peky

	Aorist			Present
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*pek(ox)ъ	*peče	*peče	*pekǫ	*pečeši	*pečetь
Dual	*pek(ox)ově	*pek(e/os)ta	*pek(e/os)te	*pečevě	*pečeta	*pečete
Plural	*pek(ox)omъ	*pek(e/os)te	*pekǫ, *pekošę	*pečemъ	*pečete	*pekǫtь
	Imperfect			Imperative
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*pečaaxъ	*pečaaše	*pečaaše	—	*pьci	*pьci
Dual	*pečaaxově	*pečaašeta	*pečaašete	*pьcěvě	*pьcěta	—
Plural	*pečaaxomъ	*pečaašete	*pečaaxǫ	*pьcěmъ	*pьcěte	—

Notes:
• Aorist *pekeste ⇒ *pečeste, ...

• Intensive/iterative stem: *-pičati

Derived terms

• *jьzpeťi
• *zapeťi
  • *zapekъ (“constipation”)
• *perpeťi
• *pripeťi
  • *pripekъ (“sun-bathe”)
• *napeťi
• *opeťi
  • *o(b)peka (“guardianship”)
  • *o(b)pekunъ (“guardian”)
• *orzpeťi
• *otъpeťi
• *sъpeťi
• *pekъ (“heat, fervor”)
• *pekařь (“baker”)
• *peťь (“oven (place)”)
• *pьklo (“fire elemental, scorch”)
• *pečьka (“oven (device)”)
• *pečenь (“baking, something baked”)
• *pečenъ (“baked”)
• *pečьkъ (“fine, tiny, seared”)
• *pečivo (“baked product, bread”)
• *pečatь (“seal, stamp”) (partially)
• *pečalь (“burden, sorrow”)
  • *pečalьba (“gain”)
• *pečurъka (“mushroom Agaricus”)

Related terms

• *potъ (“sweat”)
• *peťera (“cave”) (possibly)

Descendants

• East Slavic:
  • Old East Slavic: печи (peči)
    • Old Ruthenian: печи (peči), пекти (pekti)
      • Belarusian: пячы́ (pjačý), пекці́ (pjekcí)
      • Carpathian Rusyn: печі́ (pečí)
      • Ukrainian: пекти́ (pektý), печи́ (pečý)
    • Russian: печь (pečʹ)
  • Old Novgorodian: пеци (peći)
    • Old Pskovian: пекти (pekti)
• South Slavic:
  • Old Church Slavonic:

    Old Cyrillic script: пещи (pešti)

    Glagolitic script: ⱂⰵⱋⰹ (pešti)

  • Bulgarian: пека́ (peká)
  • Macedonian: пече (peče)
  • Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic script: пе̏ћи

    Latin script: pȅći

  • Slovene: péči (tonal orthography)
• West Slavic:
  • Czech: péci, péct
  • Polabian: pict
  • Old Polish: piec
    • Polish: piec
    • Silesian: piyc
  • Slovak: piecť
  • Sorbian:
    • Upper Sorbian: pjec
    • Lower Sorbian: pjac

Further reading

• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “пеку”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
• Chernykh, P. Ja. (1993) “печь¹”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), 3rd edition, volume 2 (панцирь – ящур), Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN, page 29
• Duridanov, I. V., Racheva, M., Todorov, T. A., editors (1996), “пека, пекна”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 5 (падѐж – пỳска), Sofia: Prof. Marin Drinov Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 130