Phratryとは 意味・読み方・使い方

発音

• IPA^(key): /ˈfɹætɹi/

名詞

phratry (複数形 phratries)

1. (Ancient Greece) A clan or kinship group consisting of a number of families claiming descent from a common ancestor and having certain collective functions and responsibilities. [from 17th c.]
   • 2016, Keith Cohen, translating Maurice Sartre, in Corbin, Courtine & Vigarello (Eds.), A History of Virility, Columbia University Press 2016, p. 40:

     To be sure, he plays a decisive role at the time of the birth, since he confers on the child legitimacy, at least on the son, by taking him in his arms, walking him around the house and declaring him his son in front of the members of his phratry: in Athens, no one may obtain citizenship without these familial rites.

2. (anthropology, dated) A former kinship division consisting of two or more distinct clans with separate identities but considered to be a single unit.
   • 1979, Åke Hultkrantz; Monica Setterwall, transl., “The Great Tribal Ceremonies”, in The Religions of the American Indians, Berkeley; Los Angeles, Calif.; London: University of California Press, published 1980, →ISBN, part I (Tribal Religions), page 112:

     The moieties are linked to or bear the names of beings or forces expressing the cosmic dichotomy. Most common are heaven and earth moieties, "above" and "below," or moieties named after birds and land animals (または aquatic animals), as is the case among the Winnebago and in the phratry system of the Northwest Coast Indians.

派生語

• subphratry

参考

• moiety