Abstract
The single and double-differencing operation of GPS observations is effectively used to eliminate nuisance parameters of receiver- and satellite-specific biases. According to the theorem of equivalent representation, we develop the simplified equations that equivalently represent the single and double-differenced observation equations using corresponding pseudo-observations in single or multi-baseline solutions. The transformation of the covariance matrix of original observables is no longer necessary. Therefore, the algorithms are very convenient for programming and efficient in computation. The unbiased estimate of the variance of unit weight is also derived from equivalent observation equations. The simplified equations are verified by numerical examples.
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Acknowledgements
This research is sponsored by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (project number: 40674003) and DFG (Deutsche ForschungsGemeinschaft). The first author sincerely thanks Prof. Rothacher for his support and valuable suggestions and Prof. Yuanxi Yang for polishing the English. Bofeng Li, the doctor student of Tongji University, is acknowledged for calculating the numerical examples and checking the formulae of the paper. Last but not least, the anonymous reviewers are highly appreciated for their constructive comments and helpful suggestions.
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Shen, Y., Xu, G. Simplified equivalent representation of GPS observation equations. GPS Solut 12, 99–108 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10291-007-0070-z
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10291-007-0070-z