Authors:
L. A. Hurtado
;
E. Mocanu
;
P. H. Nguyen
;
M. Gibescu
and
W. L. Kling
Affiliation:
Eindhoven University of Technology, Netherlands
Keyword(s):
Demand Flexibility, Resource Allocation, Demand Side Management, Building Energy Management System, Energy Management.
Related
Ontology
Subjects/Areas/Topics:
Case Studies and Innovative Applications for Smart(Er) Cities
;
Energy and Economy
;
Energy Management Systems (EMS)
;
Energy-Aware Systems and Technologies
;
Optimization Techniques for Efficient Energy Consumption
;
Smart Cities
Abstract:
In the smart grid and smart city context, the energy end-user plays an active role in the operation of the power
system. The rapid penetration of Renewable Energy Sources (RES) and Distributed Energy Resources (DER)
requires a higher degree of flexibility on the demand side. As commercial and Industrial buildings (C&I)
buildings represent a substantial aggregation of loads, the intertwined operation of the electric distribution
network and the built environment is to large extent responsible for achieving energy efficiency and sustainability
targets. However, the primary purpose of buildings is not grid support but rather ensuring the comfort
and safety of its occupants. Therefore, the comfort level needs to be included as a constraint when assessing
the flexibility potential of the built environment. This paper proposes a decentralized method for flexibility
allocation among a set of buildings. The method uses concepts from non-cooperative game theory. Finally,
two case of study are
used to evaluate the performance of the decentralized algorithm, and compare it against a
centralized option. It is shown that flexibility requests from the grid operator can be met without deteriorating
the comfort levels.
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