Abstract
We construct a faithful interpretation of Łukasiewicz's logic in product logic (both propositional and predicate). Using known facts it follows that the product predicate logic is not recursively axiomatizable.
We prove a completeness theorem for product logic extended by a unary connective δ of Baaz [1]. We show that Gödel's logic is a sublogic of this extended product logic.
We also prove NP-completeness of the set of propositional formulas satisfiable in product logic (resp. in Gödel's logic).
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Baaz, M. ‘Infinite-valued Gödel Logics with 0-1-Projections and Relativizations’, in: Hajek (ed.) Gödel'96 — Logical Foundations of Mathematics, Computer Science and Physics — Kurt Gödel's legacy, Springer Verlag, 1996.
Cignoli, R., and D. Mundici, ‘An elementary proof of Chang's completeness theorem for the infinite-valued calculus of Łukasiewicz’, Studia Logica 58 (1997), 79–97.
Cook, S. A., ‘The complexity of theorem proving procedures’, in: Proc. 3 rd Annual ACM Symp. on Theory of Computing (1971), 151–158, ACM Press.
Cook, S. A., and A. R. Reckhow, ‘The relative efficiency of propositional proof systems’, J. Symbolic Logic 44(1) (1979), 36–50.
Gottwald, S., Mehrwertige Logik, Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, 1988.
HÁjek, P., F. Esteva, and L. Godo, ‘A complete many-valued logics with product conjunction’, Archive for Mathematics Logic 35 (1996), 191–208.
HÁjek, P., ‘Fuzzy logic and arithmetical hierarchy II’, Studia Logica 58 (1997), 129–141
KrajÍČek, J., ‘Bounded arithmetic, propositional logic and complexity theory’, Encyclopedia of Mathematics and Its Applications 60, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge-New York-Melbourne, 1995.
Mostert, P. S., A. L. Shields, ‘On the structure of semigroups on a compact manifold with boundary’, Annals of Math. 65 (1957), 117–143.
Mundici, D., ‘Satisfiability in many-valued sentential logic is NP-complete’, Theor. Computer Sci. 52 (1987), 145–153.
Ragaz, M., ‘Arithmetische Klassifikation der Formelnmengen der unendlichwertigen Logik’, Thesis, ETH Zürich, 1981.
Ragaz, M., ‘Die Unentscheidbarkeit der einstelligen unendlichwertigen Prädikatenlogik’, Arch. Math. Logik 23 (1983), 129–139.
Rutledge, J. D., ‘A preliminary investigation of the infinitely many-valued predicate calculus’, Thesis, Cornell University, 1959.
Scarpellini, B., ‘Die Nichtaxiomatisierbarkeit des unendlichwertigen Prädikatenkalküls von Łukasiewicz’, J. Symb. Log. 27 (1962), 159–170.
Schweizer, B., A. Sklar, Probabilistic metric spaces, North Holland, Amsterdam, 1983.
Takeuti, T., S. Titani, ‘Intuitionistic fuzzy logic and intuitionistic fuzzy set theory’, J. Symb. Log. 49 (1984), 851–866.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Baaz, M., Hájek, P., Švejda, D. et al. Embedding Logics into Product Logic. Studia Logica 61, 35–47 (1998). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1005026229560
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1005026229560