Abstract
High-frequency geodesy is here intended as the capability of retrieving information relevant to geodesy and geophysics at high frequency through geodetic measurements and methodologies. In particular, this short review work focuses on two aspects: fast ground motions, as those due to earthquakes, and fast ionospheric total electron content (TEC) disturbances, as those caused by tsunamis. This information can be retrieved, even in real time, from Global Navigation Satellite System observations collected at high rate (equal or higher than 1 Hz), and can significantly support geohazard understanding contributing in seismic moment estimation and tsunami early warning. Here, the real-time possibilities of the new variometric approach for high-frequency geodesy are summarized: the fundamental idea is to directly focus on the quantities of interest, which are “variations” (of positions, of ionospheric TEC) and can be properly estimated in real time. The work moves “from ground to ionosphere”: with respect to the ground, the more consolidated application of the variometric approach to GNSS seismology (VADASE) is presented, up to the latest developments; with respect to the ionosphere, the brand new application named VARION for TEC disturbances computation is described, and the first results of the application to the Illapel, Chile earthquake (USGS \(M=8.3\), 16 September 2015, 22:54:32 UTC) are shown.
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Acknowledgements
VADASE is subject of an international pending patent, generously supported by the University of Rome “La Sapienza” and by its Start-Up Kuaterion srl. VADASE was awarded the DLR (German Aerospace Agency) Special Topic Prize and the Audience Award at the European Satellite Navigation Competition 2010, was partially developed thanks to 1-year cooperation with DLR Institute for Communications and Navigation at Oberpfaffenhofen (Germany), and was included in the Success Stories of European Satellite Navigation Competition 2012. VARION was tested at NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory thank to an ISSNAF fellowship granted to Giorgio Savastano, also supported by a PhD fellowship of the University of Rome “La Sapienza”.
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Fratarcangeli, F., Ravanelli, M., Mazzoni, A. et al. The variometric approach to real-time high-frequency geodesy. Rend. Fis. Acc. Lincei 29 (Suppl 1), 95–108 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12210-018-0708-5
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12210-018-0708-5