DAg-stream: Distributed video adaptation for overlay streaming to heterogeneous devices | Peer-to-Peer Networking and Applications Skip to main content
Springer Nature Link
Log in

DAg-stream: Distributed video adaptation for overlay streaming to heterogeneous devices

  • Published:
Peer-to-Peer Networking and Applications Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Combining the advantages of Peer-to-Peer (P2P) content distribution concept and metadata driven adaptation of videos in compressed domain, in this paper, we propose a simple but scalable design of distributed adaptation and overlay streaming using MPEG-21 gBSD, called DAg-stream. The objective is not only to shift the bandwidth burden to end participating peers, but also to move the computation load for adapting video contents away from dedicated media-streaming/adaptation servers. It is an initiative to merge the adaptation operations and the P2P streaming basics to support the expansion of context-aware mobile P2P systems. DAg-stream organizes mobile and heterogeneous peers into overlays. For each video, a separate overlay is formed. No control message is exchanged among peers for overlay maintenance. We present a combination of infrastructure-centric and application end-point architecture. The infrastructure-centric architecture refers to a tree controller, named DAg-master, which is responsible for tree/overlay administering and maintenance. The application end-point architecture refers to video sharing, streaming and adaptation by the participating resourceful peers. The motivation for this work is based on the experiences and lessons learned so far about developing a video adaptation system for heterogeneous devices. In this article, we present our architecture and some experimental evaluations supporting the design concept for overlay video streaming and online adaptation.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Subscribe and save

Springer+ Basic
¥17,985 /Month
  • Get 10 units per month
  • Download Article/Chapter or eBook
  • 1 Unit = 1 Article or 1 Chapter
  • Cancel anytime
Subscribe now

Buy Now

Price includes VAT (Japan)

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10
Fig. 11
Fig. 12
Fig. 13
Fig. 14
Fig. 15
Fig. 16
Fig. 17

Similar content being viewed by others

Notes

  1. The term “node” is used interchangeably with “peer” and “client” throughout this manuscript.

  2. Share-ratio is calculated from the total amount of data uploaded over total amount of data downloaded.

  3. ‘Frameset’ refers to the number of frames equal to the frame rate at which the raw video is being encoded (usually 30 fps). After adaptation for 15 frames per second (fps), there will be 15 frames in each frameset of that clip/video.

  4. I = Intra Frame, B = Bi-directional Frame, P = Inter Frame.

References

  1. Iqbal R, Shirmohammadi S, El Saddik A, Zhao J, 2 (2008) Compressed domain video processing for adaptation, encryption, and authentication. IEEE MultiMedia 15:38–50

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Liu D, Setton E, Shen B, Chen S (2007) PAT: peer-assisted transcoding for overlay streaming to heterogeneous devices, in Proc. of NOSSDAV

  3. ISO/IEC 21000-7:2004, Information Technology Multimedia Framework Part 7: DIA

  4. Hosseini M, Ahmed DT, Shirmohammadi S, Georganas ND (2007) A survey of application-layer multicast protocols. IEEE Comm. Surveys and Tutorials 9(3):58–74

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Banerjee S, Bhattacharjee B, Kommareddy C (2002) Scalable application layer multicast, in Proc. of SIGCOMM, pp. 205 – 217

  6. Tran DA, Hua KA, Do TT (2004) A peer-to-peer architecture for media streaming, IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications, pp. 121– 133

  7. Padmanabhan VN, Wang HJ, Chou PA, Sripanidkulchai K (2002) Distributing streaming media content using cooperative networking, in Proc. of NOSSDAV

  8. Zhu Y, Li B, Guo J (2004) Multicast with network coding in application-layer overlay networks, IEEE J. Selected Areas Communication, no. 22, pp. 107–120

  9. Zhang M, Luo JG, Zhao L, Yang SQ (2005) A peer-to-peer network for live media streaming using a push-pull approach, in Proc. of ACM intl. Conf. MM, pp. 287–290

  10. Setton E, Baccichet P, Girod B (2008) Peer-to-peer Live multicast: A video perspective, in Proc. of IEEE, Vol. 96, No. 1

  11. Tan X, Datta S (2005) Building multicast trees for multimedia streaming in heterogeneous P2P networks, in Proc. of Systems Communications, pp. 141 – 146

  12. Rodriguez A, Kostic D, Vahdat A (2004) Scalability in adaptive multi-metric overlays, in Proc. of Intl Conf. on Distributed Computing Systems, pp. 112 – 121

  13. Rejaie R, Ortega A (2003) PALS: Peer-to-peer adaptive layered streaming, in Proc. of NOSSDAV, pp. 153 – 161

  14. Xiaofeng X et al (2004) A peer-to-peer video-on-demand system using multiple description coding and server diversity, in Proc. of ICIP, pp. 1759–1762

  15. Exarchakos G, Antonopoulos N (2007) Resource sharing architecture for cooperative heterogeneous P2P overlays. J Netw Syst Manag 15:311–334

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Shen B, Tan W, Huve F (2008) Dynamic video transcoding in mobile environments, IEEE Multimedia

  17. Iqbal R, Ahmed DT, Shirmohammadi S (2008) Distributed video adaptation and streaming for heterogeneous devices, in IEEE Workshop on Mobile Peer-to-Peer Computing, in Proc. of IEEE PerCom Workshops, pp. 492 – 497

  18. Iqbal R, Hariri B, Shirmohammadi S (2008) Modeling and evaluation of overlay generation problem for peer-assisted video adaptation and streaming, in Proc. of NOSSDAV, pp. 87 – 92

  19. http://www.w3.org/TR/xslt

  20. http://ftp3.itu.ch/av-arch/jvt-site/reference software/

  21. http://www.sun.com/software/jxta/

  22. Sripanidkulchai K, Ganjam A, Maggs B, Zhang H (2004) The feasibility of supporting large-scale live streaming applications with dynamic application endpoints, in Proc. of SIGCOMM

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Information Technology and Engineering (SITE), University of Ottawa, 800 King Edward Avenue, Ottawa, Ontario, K1N 6N5, Canada

    Razib Iqbal & Shervin Shirmohammadi

Authors
  1. Razib Iqbal
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar

  2. Shervin Shirmohammadi
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Razib Iqbal.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Iqbal, R., Shirmohammadi, S. DAg-stream: Distributed video adaptation for overlay streaming to heterogeneous devices. Peer-to-Peer Netw. Appl. 2, 202–216 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12083-009-0031-0

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12083-009-0031-0

Keywords