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Magnetic nanoparticle imaging by means of minimum norm estimates from remanence measurements

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Abstract

In magnetic nanoparticle imaging, magnetic nanoparticles are coated and functionalized to bind to specific targets. After measuring their magnetic relaxation or remanence, their distribution can be determined by means of inverse methods. The reconstruction algorithm presented in this paper includes first a dipole fit using a Levenberg–Marquardt optimizer to determine the reconstruction plane. Secondly, a minimum norm estimate is obtained on a regular grid placed in that plane. Computer simulations involving different parameter sets and conditions show that the used approach allows for the reconstruction of distributed sources, although the reconstructed shapes are distorted by blurring effects. The reconstruction quality depends on the signal-to-noise ratio of the measurements and decreases with larger sensor-source distances and higher grid spacings. In phantom measurements, the magnetic remanence of nanoparticle columns with clinical relevant sizes is determined with two common measurement systems. The reconstructions from these measurements indicate that the approach is applicable for clinical measurements. Our results provide parameter sets for successful application of minimum norm approaches to Magnetic Nanoparticle Imaging.

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Acknowledgments

This work was funded by the E. C. Sixth Framework Programme (STREP project “Biodiagnostics”, contract no. NMP4-CT-2005-017002) and in part supported by the the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (FKZ 13N9150) and the state of Thuringia under participation of the European Funds for Regional Development (TAB project 2006FE0096).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Informatics, Technische Universität Ilmenau, P.O. Box 100565, 98684, Ilmenau, Germany

    Daniel Baumgarten & Jens Haueisen

  2. Department of Internal Medicine I and Biomagnetic Center, Department of Neurology, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, 07745, Jena, Germany

    Mario Liehr

  3. Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt, 10587, Berlin, Germany

    Frank Wiekhorst, Uwe Steinhoff & Lutz Trahms

  4. Senova GmbH, 07745, Jena, Germany

    Peter Münster

  5. fzmb GmbH, Research Centre of Medical Technology and Biotechnology, Geranienweg 7, 99947, Bad Langensalza, Germany

    Peter Miethe

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  1. Daniel Baumgarten
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Correspondence to Daniel Baumgarten.

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Baumgarten, D., Liehr, M., Wiekhorst, F. et al. Magnetic nanoparticle imaging by means of minimum norm estimates from remanence measurements. Med Biol Eng Comput 46, 1177–1185 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11517-008-0404-1

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