Validation of the 3D AMR SIP–CESE Solar Wind Model for Four Carrington Rotations | Solar Physics
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Validation of the 3D AMR SIP–CESE Solar Wind Model for Four Carrington Rotations

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Abstract

We carry out the adaptive mesh refinement (AMR) implementation of our solar–interplanetary space-time conservation element and solution element (CESE) magnetohydrodynamic model (SIP–CESE MHD model) using a six-component grid system (Feng, Zhou, and Wu, Astrophys. J. 655, 1110, 2007; Feng et al., Astrophys. J. 723, 300, 2010). By transforming the governing MHD equations from the physical space (x,y,z) to the computational space (ξ,η,ζ) while retaining the form of conservation (Jiang et al., Solar Phys. 267, 463, 2010), the SIP–AMR–CESE MHD model is implemented in the reference coordinates with the aid of the parallel AMR package PARAMESH available at http://sourceforge.net/projects/paramesh/ . Meanwhile, the volumetric heating source terms derived from the topology of the magnetic-field expansion factor and the minimum angular separation (at the photosphere) between an open-field foot point and its nearest coronal-hole boundary are also included. We show the preliminary results of applying the SIP–AMR–CESE MHD model for simulating the solar-wind background of different solar-activity phases by comparison with SOHO observations and other spacecraft data from OMNI. Our numerical results show overall good agreements in the solar corona and in interplanetary space with these multiple-spacecraft observations.

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Acknowledgements

The work is jointly supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (41031066, 40921063, 40874091, 40890162, 40904050, 40874077, 41074121, and 41074122), 973 program 2012CB825601 and the Specialized Research Fund for State Key Laboratories. S.T. Wu is supported by AFOSR (grant FA9550-07-1-0468), AURA Sub-Award C10569A of NSO’s Cooperative Agreement AST 0132798, and NSF (grant ATM-0754378). The numerical calculation has been completed on our SIGMA Cluster computing system. The PARAMESH software used in this work was developed at the NASA Goddard Space Flight Center and Drexel University under NASA’s HPCC and ESTO/CT projects and under grant NNG04GP79G from the NASA/AISR project. Wilcox Solar Observatory data used in this study were obtained via http://wso.stanford.edu . The Wilcox Solar Observatory is currently supported by NASA. SOHO is a project of international cooperation between ESA and NASA. The OMNI data is obtained from the GSFC/SPDF OMNIWeb interface http://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov . Special thanks go to our reviewer for the invaluable comments on the improvement of the article.

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  1. SIGMA Weather Group, State Key Laboratory for Space Weather, Center for Space Science and Applied Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China

    Xueshang Feng, Liping Yang, Changqing Xiang, Caowei Jiang, Xiaopeng Ma, DingKun Zhong & Yufen Zhou

  2. College of Earth Sciences, Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China

    Liping Yang, Caowei Jiang & Xiaopeng Ma

  3. Center for Space Plasma and Aeronomic Research, The University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville, AL, 35899, USA

    S. T. Wu

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Feng, X., Yang, L., Xiang, C. et al. Validation of the 3D AMR SIP–CESE Solar Wind Model for Four Carrington Rotations. Sol Phys 279, 207–229 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11207-012-9969-9

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