Abstract
Autonomous vehicles are appearing in our streets, and will soon populate our transportation infrastructures, which must be equipped with appropriate sensors and actuators in order to manage vehicles in a fruitful way. Besides the infrastructures, appropriate algorithms must be defined in order to coordinate the vehicles and to enable them to exploit the resources in a fair yet effective way. In the immediate future, autonomous vehicles must coexist human-driven vehicles, and this transitory scenario poses several challenges in coordinating both kinds to exploit street resources. One of these resources, whose management is quite challenging, is represented by intersections: vehicles come and aim at passing the intersection, often as soon as possible, but they must compete with other vehicles having the same aim. A possible approach that has been used in literature to this problem uses auction based mechanisms. In this paper, we place ourselves in the above-mentioned transitory scenario in which both human-driven and autonomous vehicles will compete to cross intersections, and we investigate the effectiveness of auction-based mechanism to coordinate vehicles at intersections. We devise some simple auction policies, and assume vehicle coordination strategies that are suitable also for human drivers. Our results lead us to believe that, under these assumptions, simple auction mechanisms do not introduce advantages for what concern traveling times as they do in the case of exclusively autonomous vehicles.




Similar content being viewed by others
Notes
Simulation for Urban MObility, https://www.dlr.de/ts/en/desktopdefault.aspx/tabid-9883/16931_read-41000/
References
Alves BR, Alves GV, Borges AP, Leitão P (2019) Experimentation of negotiation protocols for consensus problems in smart parking systems. In: International conference on industrial applications of holonic and multi-agent systems. Springer, pp 189–202
Bergemann D, Said M (2010) Dynamic auctions. Wiley Encyclopedia of Operations Research and Management Science
Bertogna M, Burgio P, Cabri G, Capodieci N (2017) Adaptive coordination in autonomous driving: motivations and perspectives. In: IEEE int. conf. on enabling technologies: infrastructure for collaborative enterprises (WETICE). IEEE, pp 15–17
Billhardt H, Fernández A, Lujak M, Ossowski S, Julián V, De Paz JF, Hernández JZ (2016) Towards smart open dynamic fleets. In: Rovatsos M, Vouros G, Julian V (eds) Multi-agent systems and agreement technologies. Springer International Publishing, Cham, pp 410–424
Bujari A, Ciman M, Gaggi O, Palazzi CE (2017) Using gamification to discover cultural heritage locations from geo-tagged photos. Pers Ubiquit Comput 21(2):235–252
Bujari A, Furini M, Mandreoli F, Martoglia R, Montangero M, Ronzani D (2018) Standards, security and business models: key challenges for the iot scenario. MONET 23(1):147–154
Bujari A, Gaggi O, Palazzi CE, Ronzani D (2018) Would current ad-hoc routing protocols be adequate for the internet of vehicles? A comparative study. IEEE Internet of Things Journal 5(5):3683–3691
Cabri G, Muzzini F, Montangero M, Valente P (2020) Managing human-driven and autonomous vehicles at smart intersections. In: Proc. international conference on human-machine systems, to appear
Cabri G, Gherardini L, Montangero M (2019) Auction-based crossings management. In: Proceedings of the 5th EAI international conference on smart objects and technologies for social good, GoodTechs ’19. ACM, New York, pp 183–188
Capodieci N, Andrea Pagani G, Cabri G, Aiello M (2011) Smart meter aware domestic energy trading agents. In: Proc. of the 2011 workshop on e-energy market challenge, IEEMC ’11. ACM, New York, pp 1–10
Carlino D, Boyles SD, Stone P (2013) Auction-based autonomous intersection management. In: Int. IEEE conf. on intelligent transportation systems. IEEE, pp 529–534
Chen W, Guha RK, Kwon TJ, Lee J, Hsu Y-Y (2011) A survey and challenges in routing and data dissemination in vehicular ad hoc networks. Wirel Commun Mob Comput 11(7):787–795
Chou S-Y, Lin S-W, Li C-C (2008) Dynamic parking negotiation and guidance using an agent-based platform. Expert Syst Appl 35(3):805–817
Deng Y, Chen Z, Yao X, Hassan S, Wu J (2019) Task scheduling for smart city applications based on multi-server mobile edge computing. IEEE Access 7:14410–14421
Dresner K, Stone P (2008) A multiagent approach to autonomous intersection management. Journal of Artificial Intelligence Research 31:591–656
HajiRassouliha A, Taberner AJ, Nash MP, Nielsen PMF (2018) Suitability of recent hardware accelerators (dsps, fpgas, and gpus) for computer vision and image processing algorithms. Signal Processing: Image Communication 68:101–119
Mariani S, Cabri G, Zambonelli F (2020) Coordination of autonomous vehicles: taxonomy and survey. arXiv:2001.02443
Melis A, Mirri S, Prandi C, Prandini M, Salomoni P, Callegati F (2016) Crowdsensing for smart mobility through a service-oriented architecture. In: 2016 IEEE int. smart cities conference (ISC2). IEEE, pp 1–2
Murthy DK, Masrur A (2016) Braking in close following platoons: the law of the weakest. In: 2016 Euromicro conference on digital system design (DSD), pp 613–620
Pinciroli C, Beltrame G (2016) Swarm-oriented programming of distributed robot networks. Computer 49(12):32–41
Revathi G, Dhulipala VRS (2012) Smart parking systems and sensors: a survey. In: Proc. international conference on computing, communication and applications, pp 1–5
Rios-Torres J, Malikopoulos AA (2017) A survey on the coordination of connected and automated vehicles at intersections and merging at highway on-ramps. IEEE Trans Intell Transport Syst 18(5):1066–1077
Schepperle H, Böhm K (2007) Agent-based traffic control using auctions. In: Int. workshop on cooperative information agents. Springer, pp 119–133
Vasirani M, Ossowski S (2012) A market-inspired approach for intersection management in urban road traffic networks. J Artificial Intell Res 43:621–659
Vickrey W (1961) Counterspeculation, auctions, and competitive sealed tenders. The Journal of Finance 16(1):8–37
Acknowledgments
This work was supported by the EU H2020 program under the CLASS project, grant No. 780622.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Publisher’s note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Cabri, G., Gherardini, L., Montangero, M. et al. About auction strategies for intersection management when human-driven and autonomous vehicles coexist. Multimed Tools Appl 80, 15921–15936 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11042-020-10222-y
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11042-020-10222-y