Focusing on content reusability and interoperability in a personalized hypermedia assessment tool | Multimedia Tools and Applications Skip to main content
Springer Nature Link
Log in

Focusing on content reusability and interoperability in a personalized hypermedia assessment tool

  • Published:
Multimedia Tools and Applications Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

This paper presents the development of a modularized hypermedia testing tool, called iAdaptTest, based entirely on e-learning specifications and discusses how this architecture improves the reusability and the interoperability of the learning data. All the categories of data,—that is—topics, user profiles, testing data, adaptive rules, and testing results are coded in XML format complying with Topic Maps, IMS LIP and IMS QTI. The data are stored in distinct files and can be independently shared across different educational applications. The paper concludes with an evaluation study concerning the creation of formative and summative assessments for adult seminars. Through focused interviews, the participants of the study identified the ability to share information and the multi-criteria adaptation options as the most important features of the system. Further, in the second phase of the evaluation the files produced were shared with other educational applications and thus it was verified that the learning data could be imported and rendered correctly.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Subscribe and save

Springer+ Basic
¥17,985 /Month
  • Get 10 units per month
  • Download Article/Chapter or eBook
  • 1 Unit = 1 Article or 1 Chapter
  • Cancel anytime
Subscribe now

Buy Now

Price includes VAT (Japan)

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10
Fig. 11

Similar content being viewed by others

Explore related subjects

Discover the latest articles, news and stories from top researchers in related subjects.

Notes

  1. http://www.cetis.ac.uk

  2. http://www.ieee.org

  3. http://www.imsglobal.org

References

  1. Arapi P, Moumoutzis N, Mylonakis M, Theodorakis G, Christodoulakis S (2008) A Pedagogy-driven Personalization Framework to Support Automatic Construction of Adaptive Learning Experiences. In: H. Leung et al. (Eds.) Proccedings of ICWL 2007, LNCS 4823, pp. 55–65

  2. Bacon RA (2003) Assessing the use of a new QTI assessment tool within Physics, Proceedings of the 7th CAA Conference, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK. Available at: https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/dspace/handle/2134/1902

  3. Boticario J, Santos O (2007) An open IMS-based user modelling approach for developing adaptive learning management systems, Journal of Interactive Media in Education, 2, http://www-jime.open.ac.uk/2007/02/

  4. Chang W-C, Hsu H-H, Smith TK, Wang C-C (2004) Enhancing SCORM metadata for assessment authoring in e-Learning. J Comput Assist Learn 20(4):305–316. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2729.2004.00091.x

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Conlan, O., Dagger, D., & Wade, V. (2002). Towards a Standards-based Approach to e-Learning Personalization using Reusable Learning Objects. In Proceedings of E-Learn 2002, October 15 - 19, 2002, Montreal, Canada

  6. Conole G, Warburton B (2005) A review of computer-assisted assessment. ALT J Res Learn Technol 13(1):17–31

    Google Scholar 

  7. De Bra P, Aroyo L, Cristea A (2004) Adaptive Web-Based Educational Hypermedia, in Levene and M. Poulovassilis A. (Eds.). Web Dynamics, Adaptive to Change in Content, Size, Topology and Use. Springer, pp 387–410

  8. Dichev C, Dicheva D, Aroyo L (2004) Using Topic Maps for Web-based Education. Interntl J Adv Technol Learn 1(1):1–7

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Dolog P, Gavriloaie R, Nejdl W, Brase J (2003) Integrating adaptive hypermedia techniques and open rdf-based environments. Proceedings of 12th International World Wide Web Conference. Budapest, Hungary

    Google Scholar 

  10. Dolog, P., Henze, N., Nejdl, W., Sintek, M. (2004) The Personal Reader: Personalizing and Enriching Learning Resources using Semantic Web Technologies, Adaptive Hypermedia and Adaptive Web-Based Systems Conference, LNCS 3137, pp. 85–94

  11. Dublin Core (2008) Dublin Core Metadata Initiative http://dublincore.org/

  12. Duitama F, Defude B, Bouzeghoub A, Lecocq C (2005) A Framework for the Generation of Adaptive Courses Based on Semantic Metadata. Multimedia Tools and Applications 25(3):377–390

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Ghali F, Cristea A (2008) Interoperability between MOT and Learning Management Systems: Converting CAF to IMS QTI and IMS CP, Proceedings of the 5th international conference on Adaptive Hypermedia and Adaptive Web-Based Systems. LNCS 5149:296–299

    Google Scholar 

  14. Giacomini Pacurar E, Trigang P, Alupoaie S (2005) A QTI editor integrated into the netUniversité web portal using IMS LD. Journal of Interactive Media in Education, Vol. 9. Available at: http://jime.open.ac.uk/2005/09/

  15. Harlen W, James M (1997) Assessment and Learning: differences and relationships between formative and summative assessment. Assess Educ Princ Policy Pract 4(3):365–379

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. IEEE LOM (2002) IEEE Standard for Learning Object Metadata http://www.ieeeltsc.org/standards/1484-12-1-2002

  17. IEEE PAPI (2002) Public and Private Information, jtc1sc36.org/doc/36N0186.pdf

  18. IMS LD (2003) IMS Learning Design, http://www.imsglobal.org/learningdesign

  19. IMS SS (2003) IMS Simple Sequencing, http://www.imsglobal.org/simplesequencing

  20. IMS LIP (2005) Learner Information Package, http://www.imsglobal.org/profiles

  21. IMS QTI (2006) Question and Test Interoperability, http://www.imsglobal.org/question

  22. Johnson K, Hall T, O’Keeffe D (2005) Generation of Quiz Objects (QO) with a Quiz Engine Developer (QED), Proceedings of the 2005 IEEE International Workshop on Wireless and Mobile Technologies in Education WMTE’05. University of Tokushima, Japan, pp 120–122

    Google Scholar 

  23. Kay J (1990) UM: a user modelling toolkit. 2nd Intl User Modelling Workshop (Hawaii), 11

  24. Kazi SA (2004) A conceptual framework for Web-based intelligent learning environments using SCORM-2004, Proceedings of the 4 th IEEE Advanced Learning Technologies (ICALT), pp 12–15

  25. Koper R (2003) Combining reusable learning resources and services to pedagogical purposeful units of learning. In: Littlejohn A (ed) Reusing Online Resources: A Sustainable Approach to eLearning. Kogan Page, London, UK, pp 46–59

    Google Scholar 

  26. Lazarinis F (2006) A hypermedia environment for managing online courseware based on adaptable templates, International Conference on Virtual Learning, 239–246

  27. Lazarinis F, Green S, Pearson E (2009) Measuring the conformance of hypermedia assessment tools to QTI. Int J innov Learn 6(2):127–146

    Article  Google Scholar 

  28. Lesage M, Riopel M, Raiche G, Sodoke K (2008) IMS-QTI sub-standards in computerised adaptive testing and interfacing. Interntl J Adv Media Commun 2(2):115–137

    Article  Google Scholar 

  29. Martínez-Ortiz I, Moreno-Ger P, Sierra JL, Fernández-Manjón B (2006) <e-QTI>: a Reusable Assessment Engine, 5th International Conference on Web-based Learning, Penang, Malaysia. LNCS 4181:134–145

    Google Scholar 

  30. Mills C, Potenza M, Fremer J, Ward C (eds) (2002) Computer-based testing building the foundation for future assessment. New York, Lawrence Erlbaum Associates

    Google Scholar 

  31. Morimoto Y, Ueno M, Yokoyama S, Miyadera Y (2007) A SCORM-compliant Learning Management System that Enhances Learning By Managing the Learning Itself, Proceedings of the 7th IEEE International Conference on Advanced Learning Technologies (ICALT) pp 122-126

  32. Musa DL, Oliveira, JPM (2004) Sharing Learner Information through a Web Services based Learning Architecture, In: WISM-CAISE 2004, Riga, 2004

  33. Paramythis A, Loidl-Reisinger S (2004) Adaptive Learning Environments and e-Learning Standards. Electronic Journal of eLearning, 2 (1), http://www.ejel.org/volume-2/vol2-issue1/issue1-art11-paramythis.pdf

  34. Parmar K, Anane R, Hendley R (2007) Architecture of a SCORM-Compliant Assessment Authoring Tool, 5 th International Conference on Computational Science and Applications, pp 111–117

  35. Rey-López M, Díaz-Redondo R, Fernández-Vilas A, Pazos-Arias J, López-Nores M, García-Duque J, Gil-Solla A, Ramos-Cabrer M (2008) T-MAESTRO and its authoring tool: using adaptation to integrate entertainment into personalized t-learning. Multimedia Tools and Applications 40(3):409–451

    Article  Google Scholar 

  36. Sadler DR (1989) Formative assessment and the design of instructional systems. J Instr Sci 18(2):119–144

    Article  Google Scholar 

  37. SCORM (2004) Sharable Content Object Reference Model, http://www.adlnet.gov/Scorm/

  38. Topic Maps (2000) Topic Maps, www.topicmaps.org

  39. Topic Maps (2002) ISO/IEC 13250 Topic Maps 2n ed., http://www.y12.doe.gov/sgml/sc34/document/0322_files/iso13250-2nd-ed-v2.pdf

  40. Torres da Silva V, Pereira de Lucena C, Fuks H (2001) ContentNet: a framework for the interoperability of educational content using standard IMS. Comput Educ 37(3–4):273–295

    Article  Google Scholar 

  41. Towle B, Halm M (2005) Designing Adaptive Learning Environments with Learning Design. In: Koper R, Tattersall C (eds) Learning Design—A Handbook on Modelling and Delivering Networked Education and Training. Springer, Berlin-Heidelberg, pp 215–226

    Google Scholar 

  42. van der Linden WJ, Glas CAW (eds) (2000) Computerized adaptive testing: Theory and practice. Kluwer, Boston, MA

    Google Scholar 

  43. Van Rosmalen P, Vogten H, Van Es R, Passier H, Poelmans P, Koper R (2006) Authoring a full life cycle model in standards-based, adaptive e-learning. Educ Technol Soc 9(1):72–83

    Google Scholar 

  44. Wainer H, Mislevy RJ (2000) Item response theory, calibration, and estimation. In: Wainer H (ed) Computerized adaptive testing: a primer. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Mahwah, NJ

    Google Scholar 

  45. Zualkernan IA, Ghanam YA, Shoshaa MF, Kalbasi AS (2007) An Architecture for Dynamic Generation of QTI 2.1 Assessments for Mobile Devices Using Flash Lite, Proceedings of the 7 th IEEE International Conference on Advanced Learning Technologies (ICALT), pp 194–195

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Computing, University of Teesside, Middlesbrough, Tees Valley, TS1 3BA, UK

    Fotis Lazarinis, Steve Green & Elaine Pearson

Authors
  1. Fotis Lazarinis
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar

  2. Steve Green
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar

  3. Elaine Pearson
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Fotis Lazarinis.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Lazarinis, F., Green, S. & Pearson, E. Focusing on content reusability and interoperability in a personalized hypermedia assessment tool. Multimed Tools Appl 47, 257–278 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11042-009-0322-8

Download citation

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11042-009-0322-8

Keywords