Abstract
Liver function can be used to track secretion, excretion, synthesis, and reserve function. This research proposes a new method based on CT images to address the problem of current methods of liver function measurement being invasive and insufficiently. To begin, Gabor filters are employed to extract the multiscale texture features of the region of interest in CT image, and the principal directions of each scale are encoded in a compact numerical mode in order to extract more discriminative features. Second, to achieve a wide range of pixel relationships, the non-local binary mode is used. Finally, the support vector machine is used to classify features. Extensive experiments have shown that evaluating liver function using a CT image is both feasible and effective. The relationship between liver function grades and CT image is examined using the model for end stage liver disease (MELD) score. It provides non-invasive and more efficient image-based auxiliary diagnosis for liver function evaluation.
Similar content being viewed by others
Data availability
The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.
Code availability
The code that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.
References
Bourkache N, Laghrouch M, Sidhom S (2020) Gabor Filter Algorithm for medical image processing: evolution in Big Data context[C]. 2020 International Multi-Conference on: “Organization of Knowledge and Advanced Technologies” (OCTA)
Buades A, Coll B, Morel JM (2005) A non local algorithm for image denoising. In: Proc IEEE CVPR, pp 60–65
Devi RM, Seenivasagam V (2020) Automatic segmentation and classification of liver tumor from CT image using feature difference and SVM based classifier-soft computing technique[J]. Soft Comput 24(24):18591–18598
Duan J (2016) SU-F-R-23: Texture feature analysis for assessment of liver cirrhosis and normal liver in CT image[J]. Med Phys 43(6):3378–3378
Elkilany A, Geisel D, Müller T et al (2021) Gadoxetic acid-enhanced MRI in primary sclerosing cholangitis: added value in assessing liver function and monitoring disease progression[J]. Abdom Radiol 46(3):979–991
Geetha R, Sivasubramanian S, Kaliappan M, Vimal S, Annamalai S (2019) Cervical cancer identification with synthetic minority oversampling technique and PCA analysis using random forest classifier[J]. J Med Syst 43(9):1–19
Hosny KM, Magdy T, Lashin NA (2021) Improved color texture recognition using multi-channel orthogonal moments and local binary pattern[J]. Multimed Tools Appl 80(9):13179–13194
Idrssi AE, Merabet YE, Ruichek Y (2020) Palmprint recognition using state-of-the-art local texture descriptors: a comparative study[J]. IET Biom 9(4):143–153
Kamath PS, Kim WR (2007) The model for end-stage liver disease (MELD)[J]. Hepatology 45(3):797–805
Karanwal S, Diwakar M (2020) OD-LBP: Orthogonal difference-local binary pattern for Face Recognition[J]. Digit Signal Proc 110(10):102948
Khalid M, Hosny T, Magdy NA, Lashin K, Apostolidis GA, Papakostas (2021) Refined color texture classification using CNN and local binary pattern. Math Probl Eng 2021, Article ID 5567489, 15 pages
Kim R, Berg T, Asselah T et al (2015) Evaluation of APRI and FIB-4 scoring systems for non-invasive assessment of hepatic fibrosis in chronic hepatitis B patients[J]. J Hepatol 64(4):773–780
Lee H, Lee H, Hong H, Bae H, Lim JS, Kim J (2021) Classification of focal liver lesions in CT images using convolutional neural networks with lesion information augmented patches and synthetic data augmentation[J]. Med Phys 48(9):5029–5046
Leng L, Zhang S, Bi X et al (2012) Two-dimensional cancelable biometric scheme[C]. International Conference on Wavelet Analysis & Pattern Recognition. IEEE
Leng L, Li M, Kim C et al (2017) Dual-source discrimination power analysis for multi-instance contactless palmprint recognition[J]. Multimed Tools Appl 76(1):333–354
Li Z, Mao Y, Huang W et al (2017) Texture-based classification of different single liver lesion based on SPAIR T2W MRI images[J]. BMC Med Imaging 17(1):42–50
Liu L, Lao S, Fieguth P et al (2016) Median robust extended local binary pattern for texture classification[J]. IEEE Trans Image Process 25(3):1368–1381
Liu Xiaohong Z, Yuquan L, Zhe et al (2019) Liver CT image feature extraction method based on improved multi-scale LBP algorithm[J]. Comput Sci 46(003):125–130
Lu L, Zhang J (2012) Palmhash Code forpalmprint verification and protection[C]. 2012 25th IEEE Canadian Conferenceon Electrical and Computer Engineering (CCECE). IEEE
Mao B, Ma J, Duan S, Xia Y, Tao Y, Zhang L (2021) Preoperative classification of primary and metastatic liver cancer via machine learning-based ultrasound radiomics[J]. Eur Radiol 31(7):4576–4586
Palmieri C, Macpherson IR (2021) A review of the evidence base for utilizing Child-Pugh criteria for guiding dosing of anticancer drugs in patients with cancer and liver impairment[J]. ESMO Open 6(3):100162
Porebski A, Hoang VT, Vandenbroucke N et al (2020) Combination of LBP bin and histogram selections for color texture classification[J]. J Imaging 6(6):53
Ramirez Rivera A, Rojas Castillo J, Oksam Chae O (2013) Local directional number pattern for face analysis: face and expression recognition[J]. IEEE Trans Image Process 22(5):1740–1752
Shankar K, Lakshmanaprabu SK, Gupta D et al (2020) Optimal feature-based multi-kernel SVM approach for thyroid disease classification[J]. J Supercomput 76(28):1–16
Sharma S, Ghanekar U (2019) Spliced image classification and tampered region localization using local directional pattern[J]. Int J Image Graph Signal Process 11(3):35–42
Siddiqi AA, Khawaja A, Hashmi A (2020) Classification of abdominal CT images bearing liver tumor using structural similarity index and support vector machine[J]. Mehran Univ Res J Eng Technol 39(4):751–758
Song T, Feng J, Luo L et al (2020) Robust texture description using local grouped order pattern and non-local binary pattern[J]. IEEE Trans Circuits Syst Video Technol PP(99):1–1
Uddin MP, Mamun MA, Hossain MA (2021) PCA-based feature reduction for hyperspectral remote sensing image classification[J]. IETE Tech Rev 38(4):377–396
Wang M, Fu F, Zheng B, Bai Y, Wu Q, Wu J, Tian F (2021) Development of an AI system for accurately diagnose hepatocellular carcinoma from computed tomography imaging data[J]. Br J Cancer 125(8):1111–1121
Yang H, Gong C, Huang K et al (2021) Weighted feature histogram of multi-scale local patch using multi-bit binary descriptor for face recognition[J]. IEEE Trans Image Process PP(99):1–1
Yang Baoqing Z, Tao Gu, Chaochen et al (2016) A novel face recognition method based on IWLD and IWBC[J]. Multimed Tools Appl 75(12):6979
Yip SSF, Aerts HJWL (2016) Applications and limitations of radiomics[J]. Phys Med Biol 61(13):R150–R166
Zaydfudim VM, Turrentine FE, Smolkin ME, Bauer TB, Adams RB, McMurry TL (2020) The impact of cirrhosis and MELD score on postoperative morbidity and mortality among patients selected for liver resection[J]. Am J Surg 220(3):682–686
Zhang WC, Shan S, Gao W et al (2005) Local Gabor binary pattern histogram sequence (LGBPHS): A novel non-statistical model for face representation and recognition[J]. Tenth IEEE International Conference on Computer Vision, 786–791
Zhao H, Tang M, Ding H (2020) HoPPF: A novel local surface descriptor for 3D object recognition[J]. Pattern Recogn 103:107272
Zollanvari A, Abibullaev B (2021) Bias correction for linear discriminant analysis[J]. Pattern Recognit Lett 151:41–47
Funding
This work was part of a project funded by “The National Natural Science Foundation of China” (Grant No. 61901195).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Conflicts of interest/Competing interests
The authors declared that they have no conflicts of interest to this work.
Additional information
Publisher’s note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Huang, W., Yang, W., Zhang, Z. et al. Liver function classification based on local direction number and non-local binary pattern. Multimed Tools Appl 81, 32305–32322 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11042-022-12986-x
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11042-022-12986-x