Abstract
In a heterogeneous database system which consists of object databases, a global schema created by integrating schemas of the component databases can provide a uniform interface and high level location transparency for the users to retrieve data. The main problem for constructing a global schema is to resolve conflicts among component schemas. In this paper, we define corresponding assertions for the database administrators to specify the semantic correspondences among component object schemas. Based on these assertions, integration rules are designed, which use a set of primitive integration operators to restructure the component schemas for resolving the conflicts and do the integration. The principle of our integration strategy is to keep the data of component databases retrievable from the global schema without losing information. Moreover, more informative query answers may be derived from the heterogeneous databases due to schema integration. Finally, the mapping strategy between global schema and component schemas is provided.
This work was partially supported by the Republic of China National Science Council under Contract No. NSC 83-0408-E-007-030.
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
C. Batini, M. Lenzerini, and S.B. Navathe, A comparative analysis of methodologies for database schema integration, ACM Computing Surveys, 18 (4) (1986) pp.323–364.
Y. Breitbart, P.L. Olson, and G.R. Thompson, Data integration in a distributed heterogeneous database system, IEEE Second International Conference on Data Engineering, (1986).
A.L.P. Chen, Outerjoin optimization in multidatabase systems, Proc. IEEE International Symposium on Databases in Parallel and Distributed Systems (DPDS), 1990.
A.L.P. Chen, P.S.M. Tsai, and J.L. Koh, Identifying object isomerism in multiple databases (submitted to Distributed and Parallel Databases Journal), 1993.
J.L. Koh and A.L.P. Chen, Mapping strategies for object schemas, NTHU Technique Report (1993).
B. Czejdo, M. Rusinkiewicz and D.W. Embley, An approach to schema integration and query formulation in federated database systems, IEEE Third International Conference on Data Engineering, (1987) pp.477–484.
U. Dayal and H.Y. Hwang, View definition and generalization for database integration in a multidatabase system, IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering, 10 (6) (1984) pp.628–644.
S.M. Deen, R.R. Amin, and M.C. Taylor, Data integration in distributed databases, IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering, SE-13 (7) (1987) pp.860–864.
L.G. DeMichiel, Resolving database incompatibility: an approach to performing relational operations over mismatched domains, IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering, 1 (4) (1989) pp.485–493.
R. Elmasri and S. Navathe, Object integration in logical database design, IEEE First International Conference on Dta Engineering, (1984) pp.426–433.
W. Gotthard, P.C. Lockemann, and A. Neufeld, System-guilded view integration for object-oriented databases, IEEE Transactions on knowledge and Data Engineering, 4 (1) (1992) pp.1–22.
S. Hayne and S. Ram, Multi-User view integration system (MUVIS): An expert system for view integration, IEEE Sixth International Conference on Data Engineering, (1990) pp.402–409.
P. Johannesson, Schema transformations as an aid in view integration, Stockholm Univ. Working Paper, (1992).
M. Kaul, K. Drosten, and E.J. Neuhold, View System: integrating heterogeneous information bases by object-oriented views, IEEE Sixth International Conference on Data Engineering, (1990) pp.2–10.
W. Kent, Solving domain mismatch and schema mismatch problems with an object-oriented database programming language, Seventeenth International Conference on Very Large Data Bases, (1991) pp.147–160.
J.A. Larson, S.B. Navathe, and R. Elmasri, A theory of attribute equivalence in database with application to schema integration, IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering, 15 (4) (1989) pp.449–463.
M.V. Mannino and W. Effelsberg, Matching techniques in global schema design, IEEE First International Conference on Data Engineering, (1984) pp.418–425.
A. Motro, Superviews: Virtual integration of multiple databases, IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering, 13 (7) (1987) pp.785–798.
A. Sheth, J. Larson, A. Cornelio, and S. Navathe, A tool for integrating conceptual schemas and user views, IEEE Fourth International Conference on Data Engineering, (1988) pp.176–183.
S. Spaccapietra, C. Parent, and Y. Dupont, Model independent assertions for integration of heterogeneous schemas, VLDB Journal, (1) (1992) pp.81–126.
P.S.M. Tsai and A.L.P. Chen, Query uncertain data in heterogeneous databases, to appear in Proc. IEEE International Workshop on Research Issues on Data Engineering: Interoperability in Multidatabase Systems, (1993).
F.S. Tseng, A.L.P. Chen, and W.P. Yang, Answering heterogeneous database queries with degrees of uncertainty, Distributed and Parallel Databases Journal, Kluwer Academic (to appear).
E.A. Rundensteiner and L. Bic, Set operations in object-based data models, IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering, 4 (3) (1992) pp.382–398.
E.A. Rundensteiner, Multiview: A methodology for supporting multiple views in object-oriented databases, Eighteenth International Conference on Very Large Data Bases, (1992) pp.187–198.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1994 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this paper
Cite this paper
Koh, JL., Chen, A.L.P. (1994). Integration of heterogeneous object schemas. In: Elmasri, R.A., Kouramajian, V., Thalheim, B. (eds) Entity-Relationship Approach — ER '93. ER 1993. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 823. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/BFb0024375
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BFb0024375
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-540-58217-5
Online ISBN: 978-3-540-48575-9
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive