Abstract
In the evolving era of social robots, managing a swarm of autonomous agents to perform particular tasks has become essential for numerous industries. The task becomes more challenging for large-scale swarms and complex environments, which have not been fully explored yet. Therefore, this research introduces a methodology incorporating multiple coordinated robotic shepherds to effectively guide large-scale agent swarms in obstacle-laden terrains. The proposed framework commences with deploying an unsupervised machine-learning algorithm to categorise the swarm into clusters. Then, a shepherding algorithm with coordinated robotic shepherds drives the sub-swarms towards the goal. Also, a path planner based on an evolutionary algorithm is proposed to help robotic shepherds move in a way that minimises the dispersion of each sub-swarm and avoids potential hazards and obstructions. The proposed approach is tested on different scenarios, with the results showing a success rate of 100% in guiding swarms with sizes up to 3000 agents.
This research is supported by UNSW Rector’s start-up grant (No. PS48058) and the U.S. Office of Naval Research-Global (ONR-G).
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Abbass, H.A., Hunjet, R.A. (eds.): Shepherding UxVs for Human-Swarm Teaming. UST, Springer, Cham (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-60898-9
Campbell, B., El-Fiqi, H., Hunjet, R., Abbass, H.: Distributed multi-agent shepherding with consensus. In: Tan, Y., Shi, Y. (eds.) ICSI 2021. LNCS, vol. 12690, pp. 168–181. Springer, Cham (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-78811-7_17
Cimler, R., Doležal, O., Kühnová, J., Pavlík, J.: Herding algorithm in a large scale multi-agent simulation. In: Jezic, G., Chen-Burger, Y.-H.J., Howlett, R.J., Jain, L.C. (eds.) Agent and Multi-Agent Systems: Technology and Applications. SIST, vol. 58, pp. 83–94. Springer, Cham (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-39883-9_7
Doerr, B., Linares, R.: Control of large swarms via random finite set theory. In: 2018 Annual American Control Conference (ACC), pp. 2904–2909. IEEE (2018)
El-Fiqi, H., et al.: The limits of reactive shepherding approaches for swarm guidance. IEEE Access 8, 214658–214671 (2020)
Elsayed, S., Hassanin, M.: Improved shepherding model for large-scale swarm control. In: 2023 International Conference on Smart Computing and Application (ICSCA), pp. 1–6. IEEE (2023)
Elsayed, S., Sarker, R., Coello, C.C.: Enhanced multi-operator differential evolution for constrained optimization. In: IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation, pp. 4191–4198. IEEE (2016)
Elsayed, S., et al.: Path planning for shepherding a swarm in a cluttered environment using differential evolution. In: 2020 IEEE Symposium Series on Computational Intelligence (SSCI), pp. 2194–2201. IEEE (2020)
Hu, J., Turgut, A.E., Krajník, T., Lennox, B., Arvin, F.: Occlusion-based coordination protocol design for autonomous robotic shepherding tasks. IEEE Trans. Cogn. Dev. Syst. 14(1), 126–135 (2020)
Hussein, A., Petraki, E., Elsawah, S., Abbass, H.A.: Autonomous swarm shepherding using curriculum-based reinforcement learning. In: AAMAS, pp. 633–641 (2022)
Long, N.K., Sammut, K., Sgarioto, D., Garratt, M., Abbass, H.A.: A comprehensive review of shepherding as a bio-inspired swarm-robotics guidance approach. IEEE Trans. Emerg. Top. Comput. Intell. 4(4), 523–537 (2020)
Mohamed, R.E., Elsayed, S., Hunjet, R., Abbass, H.: A graph-based approach for shepherding swarms with limited sensing range. In: 2021 IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation (CEC), pp. 2315–2322. IEEE (2021)
Pierson, A., Schwager, M.: Controlling noncooperative herds with robotic herders. IEEE Trans. Rob. 34(2), 517–525 (2017)
Strömbom, D., et al.: Solving the shepherding problem: heuristics for herding autonomous, interacting agents. J. R. Soc. Interface 11(100), 20140719 (2014)
Van Havermaet, S., Simoens, P., Landgraf, T., Khaluf, Y.: Steering herds away from dangers in dynamic environments. Roy. Soc. Open Sci. 10(5), 230015 (2023)
Varava, A., Hang, K., Kragic, D., Pokorny, F.T.: Herding by caging: a topological approach towards guiding moving agents via mobile robots. In: Robotics: Science and Systems, pp. 1–9 (2017)
Zhang, S., Pan, J.: Collecting a flock with multiple sub-groups by using multi-robot system. IEEE Robot. Autom. Lett. 7(3), 6974–6981 (2022)
Zhi, J., Lien, J.M.: Learning to herd agents amongst obstacles: training robust shepherding behaviors using deep reinforcement learning. IEEE Robot. Autom. Lett. 6(2), 4163–4168 (2021)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2024 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.
About this paper
Cite this paper
Elsayed, S., Mabrok, M. (2024). Large-Scale Swarm Control in Cluttered Environments. In: Ali, A.A., et al. Social Robotics. ICSR 2023. Lecture Notes in Computer Science(), vol 14453 . Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-8715-3_32
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-8715-3_32
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Singapore
Print ISBN: 978-981-99-8714-6
Online ISBN: 978-981-99-8715-3
eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)