Abstract
The process industry faces a permanently changing environment, where sudden component failures can significantly influence the system performance if not treated in an appropriate amount of time. Moreover, current market trends have to be met such as short production times, a low price as well as a broad spectrum of product and process varieties. Distributed intelligent control systems based on agent technologies are seen as a promising approach to handle the dynamics in large complex systems. In this chapter, we present a multi-agent system architecture capable to answer to the major requirements in the process domain. The architecture is based on agents with diverse responsibilities as well as tasks and separates the control software of agents controlling hardware components into two levels, the high level control and the low level control. Our system architecture has also the ability to flexibly reschedule allocated jobs in the case of resource breakdowns in order to minimize downtimes. This goes hand in hand with a dynamic path finding algorithm to enhance the flexibility of transport tasks. The system is currently tested and evaluated in the Odo Struger Laboratory at the Automation and Control Institute.
Based on “Advanced Process Automation Using Automation Agents”, by Munir Merdan, Wilfried Lepuschitz, and Emilian Axinia which appeared in the Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Automation, Robotics and Applications (ICARA 2011) © 2011 IEEE.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Similar content being viewed by others
Notes
References
S. Jämsä-Jounela, Future trends in process automation. Annu. Rev. Control 31(2), 211–220 (2007)
T. Samad, P. McLaughlin, J. Lu, System architecture for process automation: review and trends. J. Process Control 17(3), 191–201 (2007)
R. Brennan, Toward real-time distributed intelligent control: a survey of research themes and applications systems. IEEE Trans. Man Cybern. Part C Appl. Rev. 37(5), 744–765 (2007)
V. Venkatasubramanian, C. Zhao, G. Joglekar, A. Jain, L. Hailemariam, P. Suresh, P. Akkisetty, K. Morris, G. Reklaitis, Ontological informatics infrastructure for pharmaceutical product development and manufacturing. Comput. Chem. Eng. 30, 1482–1496 (2006)
T. Hamaguchi, T. Hattori, M. Sakamoto, H. Eguchi, Y. Hashimoto, T. Itoh, in Multi-Agent Structure for Batch Process Control. Proceedings of the IEEE international conference on control applications, vol. 2 (2004), pp. 1090–1095
N. Jennings, S. Bussmann, Agent-based control systems: why are they suited to engineering complex systems? Control Syst. Mag. IEEE 23(3), 61–73 (2003)
J. Reaidy, P. Massotte, D. Diep, Comparison of negotiation protocols in dynamic agent-based manufacturing systems. Int. J. Prod. Econ. 99, 117–130 (2006)
C.A. Floudas, X. Lin, Continuous-time versus discrete-time approaches for scheduling of chemical processes: a review. Comput. Chem. Eng. 28, 2109–2129 (2004)
H. Aytug, M.A. Lawley, K. McKay, S. Mohan, R. Uzsoy, Executing production schedules in the face of uncertainties: a review and some future directions. Eur. J. Oper. Res. 161, 86–110 (2005)
T. Pirttioja, A. Pakonen, I. Seilonen, A. Halme, K. Koskinen, in Multi-Agent Based Information Access Services for Condition Monitoring in Process Automation. Proceedings of the 3rd IEEE international conference on industrial informatics (INDIN ‘05), (2005), pp. 240–245
B. Sahovic, Automation Agents with a Reflective World Model for Batch Process Automation, Master Thesis, Technische Universität Wien (2010), Online: http://media.obvsg.at/AC07808679
N. Chokshi, D. McFarlane, A Distributed Coordination Approach to Reconfigurable Process Control (Springer, London, 2008)
R. Srinivasan, Artificial intelligence methodologies for agile refining: an overview. Knowl. Inf. Syst. 12, 129–145 (2007)
M.B. Sesen, P. Suresh, R. Banares-Alcantara, V. Venkatasubramanian, An ontological framework for automated regulatory compliance in pharmaceutical manufacturing. Comput. Chem. Eng. 34, 1155–1169 (2010)
R. Batres, M. West, D. Leal, D. Price, Y. Naka, An upper ontology based on ISO 15926. Comput. Aided Chem. Eng. 20, 1543–1548 (2005)
E. Muñoz, A. Espuña, L. Puigjaner, Towards an ontological infrastructure for chemical batch process management. Comput. Chem. Eng. 34(5), 668–682 (2010)
M. Obitko, V. Mařík, in Ontologies for Multi-Agent Systems in Manufacturing Domain. Proceedings of the 13th international workshop on database and expert systems applications (DEXA ‘02), (2002)
X. Hong, S. Jiancheng, in Multi-Agent Based Scheduling for Batch Process. Proceedings of the 8th international conference on electronic measurement and instruments (ICEMI ‘07), (2007), pp. 2-464–2-467
I. Seilonen, K. Koskinen, T. Pirttioja, P. Appelqvist, A. Halme, in Reactive and Deliberative Control and Cooperation in Multi-Agent System Based Process Automation. Proceedings of the IEEE international symposium on computational intelligence in robotics and automation (CIRA ‘05) (2005), pp. 469–474
Z. Li, M. Ierapetritou, Process scheduling under uncertainty: review and challenges. Comput. Chem. Eng. 32(4–5), 715–727 (2008)
A. Bonfill, A. Espuña, L. Puigjaner, Proactive approach to address the uncertainty in short-term scheduling. Comput. Chem. Eng. 32, 1689–1706 (2008)
W. Lepuschitz, A. Zoitl, M. Vallée, M. Merdan, Towards self reconfiguration of manufacturing systems using automation agents. IEEE Trans. Syst. Man Cybern. Part C Appl. Rev. 41(1), 52–69 (2011)
A. Zoitl, Real-Time Execution for IEC 61499, ISA (2008)
M. Merdan, M. Vallée, W. Lepuschitz, A. Zoitl, Monitoring and diagnostics of industrial systems using automation agents. Int. J. Prod. Res. 49(5), 1497–1509 (2011)
M. Vallée, M. Merdan, W. Lepuschitz, G. Koppensteiner, in Decentralized Reconfiguration of a Flexible Transportation System, Industrial Informatics, IEEE Trans. (2011 in press)
W. Shen, Q. Hao, H.J. Yoon, D.H. Norrie, Applications of agent-based systems in intelligent manufacturing: an updated review. Adv. Eng. Inform. 20, 415–431 (2006)
D. Ouelhadj, S. Petrovic, A survey of dynamic scheduling in manufacturing systems. J. Sched. 12, 417–431 (2009)
R. Smith, The contract net protocol: high-level communication and control in a distributed problem solver (1981)
S. Russell, P. Norvig, Artificial Intelligence: A Modern Approach (Prentice Hall/Pearson Education, Englewood Cliffs, 2003)
E.W. Dijkstra, A note on two problems in connexion with graphs. Numer. Math. 1, 269271 (1959)
Acknowledgments
This work has been supported by the Austrian Research Promotion Agency (FFG) project PrOnto (829576) under the BRIDGE program.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2013 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Merdan, M., Lepuschitz, W., Groessing, B., Helbok, M. (2013). Process Rescheduling and Path Planning Using Automation Agents. In: Sen Gupta, G., Bailey, D., Demidenko, S., Carnegie, D. (eds) Recent Advances in Robotics and Automation. Studies in Computational Intelligence, vol 480. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-37387-9_5
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-37387-9_5
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-642-37386-2
Online ISBN: 978-3-642-37387-9
eBook Packages: EngineeringEngineering (R0)