Abstract
Cell pattern formation has an important role in both artificial and natural development. This paper presents an artificial development model for 3D cell pattern generation based on the cellular automata paradigm. Cell replication is controlled by a genome consisting of an artificial regulatory network and a series of structural genes. The genome was evolved by a genetic algorithm in order to generate 3D cell patterns through the selective activation and inhibition of genes.Morphogenetic gradients were used to provide cells with positional information that constrained cellular replication in space. The model was applied to the problem of growing a solid French flag pattern in a 3D virtual space.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Baker, R.W., Herman, G.T.: Celia - a cellular linear iterative array simulator. In: Proceedings of the fourth annual conference on Applications of simulation. Winter Simulation Conference, pp. 64–73 (1970)
Banzhaf, W.: Artificial regulatory networks and genetic programming. In: Riolo, R.L., Worzel, B. (eds.) Genetic Programming Theory and Practice, ch. 4, pp. 43–62. Kluwer, Dordrecht (2003)
Beurier, G., Michel, F., Ferber, J.: A morphogenesis model for multiagent embryogeny. In: Rocha, L.M., Yaeger, L.S., Bedau, M.A., Floreano, D., Goldstone, R.L., Vespignani, A. (eds.) Proceedings of the Tenth International Conference on the Simulation and Synthesis of Living Systems (ALife X), pp. 84–90 (2006)
Bowers, C.: Simulating evolution with a computational model of embryogeny: Obtaining robustness from evolved individuals. In: Capcarrère, M.S., Freitas, A.A., Bentley, P.J., Johnson, C.G., Timmis, J. (eds.) ECAL 2005. LNCS (LNAI), vol. 3630, pp. 149–158. Springer, Heidelberg (2005)
Carroll, S.B., Grenier, J.K., Weatherbee, S.D.: From DNA to Diversity: Molecular Genetics and the Evolution of Animal Design, 2nd edn. Blackwell Science, Malden (2004)
Chavoya, A.: Cell pattern generation in artificial development. In: Rossi, C. (ed.) Brain, Vision and AI, In-Teh, Croatia, ch. 4, pp. 73–94 (2008)
Chavoya, A.: Artificial development. In: Foundations of Computational Intelligence. Volume 1: Learning and Approximation (Studies in Computational Intelligence), vol. 8, pp. 185–215. Springer, Heidelberg (2009)
Chavoya, A., Duthen, Y.: Using a genetic algorithm to evolve cellular automata for 2D/3D computational development. In: GECCO 2006: Proceedings of the 8th annual conference on Genetic and evolutionary computation, pp. 231–232. ACM Press, New York (2006)
Chavoya, A., Duthen, Y.: An artificial development model for cell pattern generation. In: Randall, M., Abbass, H.A., Wiles, J. (eds.) ACAL 2007. LNCS (LNAI), vol. 4828, pp. 61–71. Springer, Heidelberg (2007)
Chavoya, A., Duthen, Y.: Use of a genetic algorithm to evolve an extended artificial regulatory network for cell pattern generation. In: GECCO 2007: Proceedings of the 9th annual conference on Genetic and evolutionary computation, p. 1062. ACM Press, New York (2007)
Chavoya, A., Duthen, Y.: A cell pattern generation model based on an extended artificial regulatory network. BioSystems 94(1), 95–101 (2008)
Cickovski, T., Aras, K., Swat, M., Merks, R.M.H., Glimm, T., Hentschel, H.G.E., Alber, M.S., Glazier, J.A., Newman, S.A., Izaguirre, J.A.: From genes to organisms via the cell: A problem-solving environment for multicellular development. Computing in Science and Eng. 9(4), 50–60 (2007)
Davidson, E.H.: The Regulatory Genome: Gene Regulatory Networks in Development And Evolution, 1st edn. Academic Press, London (2006)
Devert, A., Bredeche, N., Schoenauer, M.: Robust multi-cellular developmental design. In: GECCO 2007: Proceedings of the 9th annual conference on Genetic and evolutionary computation, pp. 982–989. ACM, New York (2007)
Eggenberger, P.: Evolving morphologies of simulated 3D organisms based on differential gene expression. In: Harvey, I., Husbands, P. (eds.) Proceedings of the 4th European Conference on Artificial Life, pp. 205–213. Springer, Heidelberg (1997)
Gordon, T.G.W., Bentley, P.J.: Bias and scalability in evolutionary development. In: GECCO 2005: Proceedings of the 2005 conference on Genetic and evolutionary computation, pp. 83–90. ACM, New York (2005)
Harding, S.L., Miller, J.F., Banzhaf, W.: Self-modifying cartesian genetic programming. In: GECCO 2007: Proceedings of the 9th annual conference on Genetic and evolutionary computation, pp. 1021–1028. ACM, New York (2007)
Herman, G.T., Liu, W.H.: The daughter of Celia, the French flag and the firing squad. In: WSC 1973: Proceedings of the 6th conference on Winter simulation, p. 870. ACM, New York (1973)
Joachimczak, M., Wróbel, B.: Evo-devo in silico: a model of a gene network regulating multicellular development in 3D space with artificial physics. In: Bullock, S., Noble, J., Watson, R., Bedau, M.A. (eds.) Artificial Life XI: Proceedings of the Eleventh International Conference on the Simulation and Synthesis of Living Systems, pp. 297–304. MIT Press, Cambridge (2008)
Knabe, J.F., Nehaniv, C.L., Schilstra, M.J.: Evolution and morphogenesis of differentiated multicellular organisms: autonomously generated diffusion gradients for positional information. In: Artificial Life XI: Proceedings of the Eleventh International Conference on the Simulation and Synthesis of Living Systems, pp. 321–328. MIT Press, Cambridge (2008)
Kumar, S., Bentley, P.J.: On Growth, Form and Computers. Academic Press, London (2003)
Lindenmayer, A.: Mathematical models for cellular interaction in development, Parts I and II. Journal of Theoretical Biology 18, 280–315 (1968)
Lindenmayer, A., Rozenberg, G.: Developmental systems and languages. In: STOC 1972: Proceedings of the fourth annual ACM symposium on Theory of computing, pp. 214–221. ACM, New York (1972)
Meinhardt, H.: Models of Biological Pattern Formation. Academic Press, London (1982)
Miller, J.F., Banzhaf, W.: Evolving the program for a cell: from French flags to Boolean circuits. In: Kumar, S., Bentley, P.J. (eds.) On Growth, Form and Computers, pp. 278–301. Academic Press, London (2003)
Reil, T.: Dynamics of gene expression in an artificial genome - implications for biological and artificial ontogeny. In: Floreano, D., Mondada, F. (eds.) ECAL 1999. LNCS, vol. 1674, pp. 457–466. Springer, Heidelberg (1999)
Turing, A.M.: The chemical basis of morphogenesis. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological Sciences 237(641), 37–72 (1952)
Tyrrell, A.M., Greensted, A.J.: Evolving dependability. J. Emerg. Technol. Comput. Syst. 3(2), 7 (2007)
Wolfram, S.: Statistical mechanics of cellular automata. Reviews of Modern Physics 55, 601–644 (1983)
Wolpert, L.: The French flag problem: a contribution to the discussion on pattern development and regulation. In: Waddington, C. (ed.) Towards a Theoretical Biology, pp. 125–133. Edinburgh University Press, New York (1968)
Wu, P., Wu, X., Wainer, G.A.: Applying cell-devs in 3D free-form shape modeling. In: Sloot, P.M.A., Chopard, B., Hoekstra, A.G. (eds.) ACRI 2004. LNCS, vol. 3305, pp. 81–90. Springer, Heidelberg (2004)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2010 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Chavoya, A., Andalon-Garcia, I.R., Lopez-Martin, C., Meda-Campaña, M.E. (2010). 3D Cell Pattern Generation in Artificial Development. In: González, J.R., Pelta, D.A., Cruz, C., Terrazas, G., Krasnogor, N. (eds) Nature Inspired Cooperative Strategies for Optimization (NICSO 2010). Studies in Computational Intelligence, vol 284. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-12538-6_11
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-12538-6_11
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-642-12537-9
Online ISBN: 978-3-642-12538-6
eBook Packages: EngineeringEngineering (R0)