Abstract
For the convincing modeling of virtual humans, realistic breathing is an important aspect. This paper is about the simulation of breathing, based on anatomical and physiological principles. We have built a torso, including a thorax, a deformable belly, and muscles. This results in a model with two independent breathing systems, namely abdominal and chest breathing, which gives a high degree of realism in simulating breathing. The generated spirograms, diagrams of lung volume changes, are comparable to normal human ones according to a medical expert. The generated videos show convincing breathing sequences at various frequencies. The model itself is made available for public use.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
3D Cafe, http://www.3Dcafe.com
Breathe Easy videos, http://graphics.cs.ucr.edu/projects/simulatedBreathing/simulatedBreathing.html
Chen, D., Zeltzer, D.: Pump it up: computer animation of a biomechanically based model of muscle using the finite element method. In: Proceedings of SIGGRAPH, pp. 89–98 (1992)
Egges, A., Giacomo, T.D., Thalmann, N.M.: Synthesis of realistic idle motion for interactive characters. In: Dickheiser, M. (ed.) Game Programming Gems, vol. 6 (2006)
Gelder, A.V.: Approximate simulation of elastic membranes by triangulated spring meshes. Journal of Graphics Tools 3, 21–42 (1998)
Mehrabian, A.: Nonverbal Communication. Aldine Atherton (1972)
Mines, A.H.: Respiratory Physiology. Raven Press (1993)
Moreno, A., Chambon, S., Santhanam, A.P., Brocardo, R., Kupelian, P., Rolland, J.P., Angelini, E., Bloch, I.: Thoracic ct-pet registration using a 3d breathing model. In: Ayache, N., Ourselin, S., Maeder, A. (eds.) MICCAI 2007, Part I. LNCS, vol. 4791, pp. 626–633. Springer, Heidelberg (2007)
Mori, M.: Energy. Translated by Karl F. MacDorman and Takashi Minato 7(4), 33–35 (1970)
Nedel, L., Thalmann, D.: Real time muscle deformations using mass-spring systems. In: Computer Graphics International (1998)
Promayon, E., Baconnier, P., Puech, C.: Physically-based model for simulating the human trunk respiration movements. In: Troccaz, J., Mösges, R., Grimson, W.E.L. (eds.) CVRMed-MRCAS 1997, CVRMed 1997, and MRCAS 1997. LNCS, vol. 1205, pp. 379–388. Springer, Heidelberg (1997)
Rappaport, A., Sheffer, A., Bercovier, M.: Volume-preserving free-form solids. IEEE Trans. Vis. Comput. Graph. 2, 19–27 (1996)
Scheepers, F., Parent, R., Carlson, W., May, S.: Anatomy-based modeling of the human musculature. In: Proceedings SIGGRAPH, pp. 163–172 (1997)
Smith, R.: Open Dynamics Engine (2006), http://ode.org
Zanen, M.D.P.: Lung physiologist Utrecht Medical Center, personal communication
Zordan, V.B., Celly, B., Chiu, B., DiLorenzo, P.D.: Breathe Easy: Model and control of simulated respiration for computer animation. Graphical Models 68, 113–132 (2006)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2009 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this paper
Cite this paper
Veltkamp, R.C., Piest, B. (2009). A Physiological Torso Model for Realistic Breathing Simulation. In: Magnenat-Thalmann, N. (eds) Modelling the Physiological Human. 3DPH 2009. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 5903. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-10470-1_8
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-10470-1_8
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-642-10468-8
Online ISBN: 978-3-642-10470-1
eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)