The Seasonal Variation of Physical-Chemical Parameters and Water Quality Assessment (WQI) | SpringerLink
Skip to main content
Springer Nature Link
Log in

The Seasonal Variation of Physical-Chemical Parameters and Water Quality Assessment (WQI)

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Natural Dam Lake Cuejdel in the Stânişoarei Mountains, Eastern Carpathians

Abstract

The physico-chemical analysis of Cuejdi hydrographic basin and the Cuejdel lake basin was realized based on a monitoring program which consisted of analysing the seasonal variation of main physico-chemical parameters, with major implications in establishing the degree of trophicity in which the lacustrine ecosystem is located and also regarding the qualitative identification of the biotic component. The scientific approach consisted of two distinct methods: measurements in situ and sampling evidences for laboratory research. In situ, the measurements were made with a portable multi-parameter (Hach Lange device) to collect physico-chemical data. Based on this, Cuejdel Lake acts as a dimictic reservoir with direct thermal stratification during the summer, spring and autumn, and reverse stratification during the winter. At the lowest depths, the temperature is constant all year (5 °C). The surface water is influenced by the air temperature. The water is slightly alkaline with values that oscillate around 8. The alkalinity of the water is caused by the elements that are transported in the water as the hydrographic basin drains. The water in the upper section of the lake is very rich in oxygen. Below 10–11 m, dissolved oxygen is not present. The assessment of water quality from Cuejdi River was performed through 13 parameters. 30 samples were collected during spring and autumn, measurements being made both in situ aquatic ecosystem (Multi 350i/SET WTW) and in the laboratory (bench meter Hanna HI 4421, Titroline 700 SI Analytics and WTW Turb 555IR). The main fact is that a water quality parameter has no equal contribution to the final stage of water quality in all seasons; they can be different from both natural and anthropogenic causes. The analysis, especially the spatial distribution of the nitrate levels, revealed an important degradation of the water quality owed to the anthropogenic pressure. Furthermore, the findings confirm that the natural contamination of the Cuejdi River is less harmful than the contamination with compounds resulted from anthropogenic activities.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution

Subscribe and save

Springer+ Basic
¥17,985 /Month
  • Get 10 units per month
  • Download Article/Chapter or eBook
  • 1 Unit = 1 Article or 1 Chapter
  • Cancel anytime
Subscribe now

Buy Now

Chapter
JPY 3498
Price includes VAT (Japan)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
JPY 11439
Price includes VAT (Japan)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
JPY 14299
Price includes VAT (Japan)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
JPY 14299
Price includes VAT (Japan)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  • Aplay S, Veillette JJ, Dixit AS, Dixit SS (2006) Regional and historical distributions of lake-matter pH within a 100-km radius of the Horne smelter in Rouyn-Noranda, Quebec, Canada. Geochem Explor Environ Analys 6(2–3):179–186

    Google Scholar 

  • Araoye PA (2009) The seasonal variation of pH and dissolved oxygen (DO2) concentration in Asa lake Ilorin, Nigeria. Int J Physic Sci 4(5):271–274

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Belevantser VI, Ryzhikh AP, Smolyakov BS (2008) Diurnal and vertical variability of pH (O2), and Eh in the Novosibirsk water reservoir. Russian Geol Geophys 49:673–681

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bharti N, Katyal D (2011) Water quality indices used for surface water vulnerability assessment. Int J Environ Sci 2(1):154–173

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Breabăn IG, Gheţeu D, Paiu M (2012) Determination of water quality index of Jijia and Miletin Ponds. Bull UASVM Agric 69(2):160–167

    Google Scholar 

  • Brown RM, McLelland NI, Deininger RA, O’Connor MF (1972) A water quality index—crashing the psychological barrier. Ind Environ Quality 1:173–182

    Google Scholar 

  • Bukreev VI (2013) Effect of the non-monotonic dependence of the water density on temperature on convection induced by cooling from above. Aquat Sci Technol 1(1):52–65

    Google Scholar 

  • Chapman LJ, Chapman CA, Srisman TL, Nordlie FG (1998) Dissolved oxygen and thermal regimes of a Ugandan crater lake. Hydrobiologia 385:201–211

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Coops H, Buijse L, Buijse ADT, Constantinescu A, Covaliov S, Hanganu J, Ibelings BW, Menting F, Năvodaru I, Oosterberg W, Staras M, Torok L (2008) Trophic gradients in a large river Delta: ecological structure determined by connectivity gradients in the Danube Delta (Romania). River Res Appl 24(5):698–709

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dake JMK, Harleman DRF (1969) Thermal stratification in lakes: analytical and laboratory studies. Water Resour Res 5:484–495

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Davis RB, Anderson DS, Whiting MC, Smol JP, Dixit SS (1990) Alkalinity and pH of Three Lakes in Northern New England, USA, over the past 300 year. Philosoph Trans Royal Soc Bull 327(1240):413–421

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Edingher JE (1970) Vertical temperature structure and water surface heat exchange. Water Resour Res 6:1392–1395

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Enea A, Stoleriu CC, Romanescu G (2011) GIS techniques used in the analysis of the morphometrical parameters of the Red Lake drainage basin. Luc Semin Geogr Dimitrie Cantemir 31:39–48

    Google Scholar 

  • Enea A, Romanescu G, Stoleriu C (2012) Quantitative considerations concerning the source-areas for the silting of the Red Lake (Romania) lacustrine basin. In: Gâştescu P, Breţcan P (eds) Proceedings conference of the water resources and wetlands, Tulcea, 11–13 September 2012, pp 119–123

    Google Scholar 

  • Gâştescu P (1971) Lacurile din România–limnologie regională. Romanian Academy Publishing House, Bucharest

    Google Scholar 

  • Genova SN, Belolipetskii VM, Rogozin DY, Degermendzhy AG, Mooij WM (2010) A one-dimensional model of vertical stratification of Lake Shiva focused on water conditions and ice cover. Aquat Ecol 44:571–584

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Glazik R, Marszelewski W, Skowron R (2006) Selected problems of registration of vertical distribution of water temperatures in lakes. Limnological Rev 6:103–110

    Google Scholar 

  • Gorde SP, Jadhav MV (2013) Assessment of water quality parameters: a review. J Eng Res Appl 3(6):2029–2035

    Google Scholar 

  • House MA, Ellis JB (1987) The development of water quality indices for operational management. Water Sci Technol 19:45–154

    Google Scholar 

  • Kankal NC, Indurkar MM, Gudadhe SK, Wate SR (2012) water quality index of surface water bodies of Gujarat, India. Asian J Explor Sci 26(1):39–48

    Google Scholar 

  • Kopácek J, Cosby BJ, Majer V, Stuchlík E, Veselý J (2003) Modelling reversibility of central European mountain lakes from acidification: 2nd Part—the Tatra Mountains. Hydrol Earth Syst Sci 7(4):510–524

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lampert W, Sommer U (2007) Limnoecology—the ecology of lakes and streams, 2nd edn. Oxford University Press, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Maberly SC (1996) Diel, episodic and seasonal changes in pH and concentration of inorganic carbon in a productive lake. Frashwater Biol 35(3):579–598

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Malm J, Zilitinkevich S (1994) Temperature distribution and current system in a connectively mixed lake. Bound Layer Meteorol 71(3):219–234

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Maslanka W (2009) Atypical summer vertical diversity of physical-chemical properties of lake waters. Limnological Rev 9(2–3):91–96

    Google Scholar 

  • Mihăiescu T, Mihăiescu R, Vârban D, Vârban R, Mihăiescu M (2013) Water quality assessment of the Nadas river (Romania) in terms of NSF water quality index. Ann Oradea Univ-Fascicle Enviro Protect 21:651–656

    Google Scholar 

  • Mihu–Pintilie A, Romanescu G (2011) Morphometric and morphological suitability of the relief from the Crucii (Cuejdel) Lake basin (Stânişoarei Mountains). In: Pandi G, Moldovan F (eds) Proceedings of the air and water components of the environment, Babeș–Bolyai University, Cluj, 18–19 March 2011, vol 1, pp 305–313

    Google Scholar 

  • Mihu-Pintilie A, Romanescu G, Stoleriu C (2012) Morpho–bathymetric parameters of recess Crucii (Cuejdel) Lake (Stânişoarei Mountains). In: Pandi G, Moldovan F (eds) Proceedings of the air and water components of the environment, Babeș–Bolyai University, Cluj, 23–24 March 2012, vol 1, pp 445–452

    Google Scholar 

  • Mihu-Pintilie A, Romanescu G, Stoleriu C (2014a) The seasonal changes of the temperature, pH and dissolved oxygen in the Cuejdel Lake, Romania. Carpat J Earth Enviro Sci 9(2):113–123

    Google Scholar 

  • Mihu-Pintilie A, Paiu M, Breabăn IG, Romanescu G (2014b) Status of water quality in Cuejdi hydrographic basin from Eastern Carpathian, Romania. In: SGEM—Proceedings of the 14th international multidisciplinary scientific geoconferences—hydrology and water resources, 18–24 June, Albena, vol 14, no 1, pp 639–646

    Google Scholar 

  • Mihu-Pintilie A, Romanescu G, Stoleriu C, Stoleriu O (2014c) Ecological features and conservation proposal for the largest natural dam lake in the Romanian Carpathians-Cuejdel Lake. Int J Conserv Sci 5(2):243–252

    Google Scholar 

  • Mihu-Pintilie A, Romanescu G, Stoleriu CC, Breaban IC (2015) Physico-Chemical Parameters in Mountain Freshwater: Cuejdiu River from Eastern Carpathians, Romania. Key Eng Mater 660:257–261

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Moalla SMN (1996) Seasonal variation of high dam lake water. J Environ Sci Health-Part A 31(4):731–746

    Google Scholar 

  • Moundiotiya C, Sisodia R, Kulshreshthg M, Bhatra AL (2004) A case study of the Jawwa Ramgarh wetland with special reference to physico-chemical properties of water and its environs. J Environ Hydrol 12(24):1–7

    Google Scholar 

  • Newcombe CL, Dweyr PS (1949) An analysis of the vertical distribution of temperature in a dichothermic lake of southern Michigan. Ecology 30(4):443–449

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Nolan M, Brigham-Grettej J (2007) Basic hydrology, limnology, and meteorology of modern Lake El’gygytgyn, Siberia. J Paleolimnol 37(1):17–35

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Paiu M, Breabăn IG (2014) Water quality index—an instrument for water resources management. In: Pandi G, Moldovan F (eds) Proceedings of the air and water components of the environment, Babeș–Bolyai University, Cluj, 23–24 March 2014, vol 1, pp 391–398

    Google Scholar 

  • Pandi G, Magyari ZS (2004) Realizarea hărților batimetrice pe calculator. Modelul Lacul Roșu. Stud Univ Babeș-Bolyai Cluj 1:55–60

    Google Scholar 

  • Pandi G, Buzilă L (2004) Caracteristici hidro–geomorfologice ale sedimentarii in Lacul Rosu. In: Geography within the Context of Contemporary Development, Cluj-Napoca University Press, Cluj

    Google Scholar 

  • Patra AP, Patra JK, Muhapatra NK, Das S, Awain GC (2010) Seasonal variation in physicochemical parameters of Chilika Lake after opening of new mouth near Gabakunda, Orissa. India. World J Fish Marine Sci 2(2):109–117

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ravens TM, Kocsis O, Wüest A (2000) Small-scale turbulence and vertical mixing in Lake Baikal. Limnol Oceanogr 45(1):159–173

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rădoane N (2002) Un nou lac de baraj natural în bazinul Bistriţei Moldoveneşti-Lacul Cuejdel. Stud Cerc Geograph 49:76–82

    Google Scholar 

  • Rogora M, Marchetto A, Mosello R (2001) Trends in the chemistry of atmospheric deposition and surface waters in the Lake Maggiore catchment. Hydrol Earth Syst Sci 5(3):379–390

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Romanescu G (2009a) Trophicity of lacustrine wetlands on the Carpathian territory of Romania. A case study from the East Carpathian mountains. Luc Sem Geogr D Cantemir, Univ Alexandru Ioan Cuza Iași 29:5–13

    Google Scholar 

  • Romanescu G (2009b) Trophicity of lacustrine waters (lacustrine wetlands) on the territory of Romania. Lakes–Reservoirs Ponds—Rom J Limn 3:62–72

    Google Scholar 

  • Romanescu G (2009c) The physical and chemical characteristics of the lake wetlands in the central group of the east Carpathian Mountains. Lakes, Reservoirs Ponds—Rom J Limn 4:94–108

    Google Scholar 

  • Romanescu G, Stoleriu CC (2010) Parametrii morfobatimetrici ai cuvetei lacustre Roşu (Hăghimaş). In: Gâştescu P, Breţcan P (eds) Lucrările Simpozionului Naţional–Resursele de apă din România, Târgovişte, 11–13 June 2010, vol 1, pp 308–314

    Google Scholar 

  • Romanescu G, Stoleriu CC (2014) The seasonal variation of temperature, pH and dissolved oxygen concentration in Lake Rosu, Romania. CLEAN—Soil, Air Water 42(3):236–242

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Romanescu G, Stoleriu CC, Lupascu A (2012) Biochemistry of wetlands in barrage Lacul Rosu catchment (Haghimas–Eastern Carpathian). Environ Eng Manage J 11(9):1627–1637

    Google Scholar 

  • Romanescu G, Târnovan A, Sandu I, Cojoc GM, Breabăn IG, Mihu-Pintilie A (2015) Water chemism within the settling pond of Valea Straja and the quality of the Suha water body (Eastern Carpathians). Rev Chim (Bucharest) 66(10):1700–1706

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rucinski DK, Beletsky D, DePinto JV, Schwab DJ, Scavia D (2010) A simple 1-dimensional, climate based dissolved oxygen model for the central basin of Lake Erie. J Great Lakes Res 26:465–476

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rzychoń D, Worsztynowicz A (2008) What affects the nitrogen retention in Tatra Mountains lakes’ catchments in Poland? Hydrol Earth Syst Sci 12(1):415–424

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Skowron R (2008) Water thermal conditions during winter stagnation in the selected lakes in Poland. Limnological Rev 8(3):119–128

    Google Scholar 

  • Sundaram TR, Rehm RG (1972) The seasonal stratification cycle of temperature lakes including the effects of power plant thermal discharge. AIAA J 10:204–210

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Stauffer RE (1992) Efficient estimation of temperature distribution, heat storage, thermocline migration and vertical eddy conductivities in stratified lakes. Freshwat Biol 27(3):307–326

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Stoleriu CC, Stoleriu O, Mihu-Pintilie A (2014) Scientific and tourist value of natural dam lakes in the Carpathian Mountains (Romania). Case study: Red, Cuejdel and Iezerul Sadovei Lakes. In: SGEM–proceedings of the 14th international multidisciplinary scientific geoconferences–ecology and environmental protection, 18–24 June, Albena vol 14, no 2, pp 625–632

    Google Scholar 

  • Sweers HE (1968) Two methods of describing the “Average” vertical temperature distribution of a lake. J Fisheries Res Board Canada 25:911–1923

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tadesse I, Green FB, Puhakka JA (2004) Seasonal and diurnal variations of temperature, pH and dissolved oxygen in advanced integrated wastewater pond system treating tonnery effluent. Water Res 38(3):645–654

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Thakur SS, Bais VS (2006) Seasonal variation of temperature, alkalinity and dissolved oxygen in the Sagar Lake. Acta Hydrochim Hydrobiol 15(2):143–147

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wand U, Schwarz G, Brüggemann E, Bräuer K (1997) Evidence for physical and chemical stratification in Lake Untersee (central Dronning Maud Land, East Antarctica). Antarctic Sci 9(1):43–45

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wassenaar LI (2012) Dissolved oxygen status of Lake Winnipeg: Spatio-temporal and isotopic (δ18O-O2) patterns. J Great Lakes Res 38(3):123–132

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Xantus I, Xantus J (1999) Hagymas-hegyseg es a Gyilkos-to kornyeke. Pallas Akademia, Csikszereda

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Interdisciplinary Research Department—Field Science, “Alexandru Ioan Cuza” University of Iaşi, Iaşi, Romania

    Alin Mihu-Pintilie

Authors
  1. Alin Mihu-Pintilie
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Alin Mihu-Pintilie .

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2018 Springer International Publishing AG, part of Springer Nature

About this chapter

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this chapter

Mihu-Pintilie, A. (2018). The Seasonal Variation of Physical-Chemical Parameters and Water Quality Assessment (WQI). In: Natural Dam Lake Cuejdel in the Stânişoarei Mountains, Eastern Carpathians. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-77213-4_7

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation