Abstract
Emergency services, policemen and members of the armed forces act in high workload environments where fast and correct decisions are essential. Therefore, decision criterions and automated processes play an important role in drill and training. The evaluation of the trainees’ performance is usually based on subjective ratings by the instructors, which depend on the availability of many instructors to provide individual feedback. The goal of our ongoing research work is to develop evaluation techniques that enable objective ratings for the trainees’ performance. As gaze behavior is seen as key element of trainees’ performance, tracing methods are evaluated and head-mounted eye tracking is ascertained as promising. Furthermore, we give an overview about ongoing work, including software (laboratory experiment) and hardware development (field experiment) of an objective rating tool.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Fakhrhosseini, S.M., Jeon, M., Lautala, P., Nelson, D.: An investigation on driver behaviors and eye-movement patterns at grade crossings using a driving simulator. In: 2015 Joint Rail Conference, San Jose, California, USA, Monday 23 March 2015, pp. V001T06A012. doi:10.1115/JRC2015-5731
Pradhan, A.K., Hammel, K.R., DeRamus, R., Pollatsek, A., Noyce, D.A., Fisher, D.L.: Using eye movements to evaluate effects of driver age on risk perception in a driving simulator. Hum. Fact. 47(4), 840–852 (2005)
Salvucci, D.D., Liu, A.: The time course of a lane change. driver control and eye-movement behavior. Transp. Res. Part F: Traffic Psychol. Behav. 5, 123–132 (2002). doi:10.1016/S1369-8478(02)00011-6
Pärnamets, P., Johansson, R., Gidlöf, K., Wallin, A.: How information availability interacts with visual attention during judgment and decision tasks. J. Behav. Dec. Making 29, 218–231 (2016). doi:10.1002/bdm.1902
Hastie, R., Dawes, R.M.: Rational Choice in an Uncertain World. The Psychology of Judgment and Decision Making, 2nd edn. Sage Publications, Los Angeles (2010)
Pachur, T., Broder, A.: Judgment: a Cognitive Processing Perspective. Wiley interdisciplinary reviews. Cognitive science (2013). doi:10.1002/wcs.1259
Glaholt, M.G., Reingold, E.M.: Eye movement monitoring as a process tracing methodology in decision making research. J. Neurosci. Psychol. Economics 4, 125 (2011). doi:10.1037/a0020692
Goldstein, E.B. (ed.): Wahrnehmungspsychologie. Der Grundkurs, 7th edn. Spektrum Akad. Verl., Berlin (2011)
Zelinsky, G.J., Rao, R.P.N., Hayhoe, M.M., Ballard, D.H.: Eye movements reveal the spatiotemporal dynamics of visual search. Psychol. Sci. 8, 448–453 (1997). doi:10.1111/j.1467-9280.1997.tb00459.x
Hayhoe, M., Ballard, D.: Eye movements in natural behavior. Trends Cogn. Sci. 9, 188–194 (2005). doi:10.1016/j.tics.2005.02.009
Posner, M.I., Snyder, C.R., Davidson, B.J.: Attention and the detection of signals. J. Exp. Psychol. 109(2), 160–174 (1980)
Hoffman, J.E., Subramaniam, B.: The role of visual attention in saccadic eye movements. Percept. Psychophys. 57, 787–795 (1995). doi:10.3758/BF03206794
Deubel, H., Schneider, W.X.: Saccade target selection and object recognition. evidence for a common attentional mechanism. Vis. Res. 36, 1827–1837 (1996). doi:10.1016/0042-6989(95)00294-4
Hoffmann, J.E.: Visual attention and eye movements. In: Pashler, H.E. (ed.) Attention. Studies in Cognition Series, pp. 119–150. Psychology Press, Hove (1998)
Rayner, K.: Eye movements in reading and information processing: 20 years of research. Psychol. Bull. 124(3), 372–422 (1998)
Rayner, K.: Eye movements and attention in reading, scene perception, and visual search. Q. J. Exp. Psychol. 62, 1457–1506 (2009). doi:10.1080/17470210902816461
Holmqvist, K.: Eye Tracking. A Comprehensive Guide to Methods and Measures, 1st edn. Oxford University Press, Oxford (2011)
Lange, C., Wohlfarter, M., Bubb, H.: Automated analysis of eye-tracking data for the evaluation of driver information systems according to ISO/TS 15007-2:2001. In: Hutchison, D., Kanade, T., Kittler, J., Kleinberg, J.M., Mattern, F., Mitchell, J.C., Naor, M., Nierstrasz, O., Pandu Rangan, C., Steffen, B., Sudan, M., Terzopoulos, D., Tygar, D., Vardi, M.Y., Weikum, G., Jacko, J.A. (eds.) Human-Computer Interaction. New Trends, vol. 5610. LNCS, pp. 105–110. Springer, Heidelberg (2009)
Jacob, R.J.K., Karn, K.S.: Eye tracking in human–computer interaction and usability research: ready to deliver the promises. In: Hyönä, J., Radach, R., Deubel, H. (eds.) The Mind’s Eye. Cognitive and Applied Aspects of Eye Movement Research, 1st edn., pp. 573–605. Elsevier, Amsterdam u.a (2003)
dos Santos, R.D.O.J., de Oliveira, J.H.C., Rocha, J.B., Giraldi, J.D.M.E.: Eye tracking in neuromarketing: a research agenda for marketing studies. Int. J. Psychol. Stud. 7(1), 32 (2015). doi:10.5539/ijps.v7n1p32
Fromm, L., Zerbes, G., Plegge, C., Alexander, T.: Evaluation der Methoden zur Erfassung und Analyse der Entscheidungsfindung in kritischen Situationen am Beispiel Eyetracking. In: Gesellschaft für Arbeitswissenschaft e.V. (GfA) (ed.) 63. GfA Frühjahrskongress, Brugg-Windisch, 15–17 Feb 2017. GfA-Press, Dortmund, Zürich (in press)
Ergoneers: official website (2016). http://www.ergoneers.com/. Accessed 16 Nov 2016
Zhu, Z., Ji, Q.: Robust real-time eye detection and tracking under variable lighting conditions and various face orientations. Comput. Vis. Image Underst. 98, 124–154 (2005). doi:10.1016/j.cviu.2004.07.012
Wolfe, J.M.: Guided search 2.0 a revised model of visual search. Psychon. Bull. Rev. 1, 202–238 (1994). doi:10.3758/BF03200774
Wolfe, J.M., Cave, K.R., Franzel, S.L.: Guided search: an alternative to the feature integration model for visual search. J. Exp. Psychol. Hum. Percept. Perform. 15(3), 419–433 (1989)
Ratcliff, R.: A theory of memory retrieval. Psychol. Rev. 85, 59–108 (1978). doi:10.1037/0033-295X.85.2.59
Ratcliff, R., McKoon, G.: The diffusion decision model: theory and data for two-choice decision tasks. Neural Comput. 20, 873–922 (2008). doi:10.1162/neco.2008.12-06-420
Kingstone, A., Smilek, D., Eastwood, J.D.: Cognitive ethology: a new approach for studying human cognition. Br. J. Psychol. (London, England: 1953) (2008). doi:10.1348/000712607X251243
Westhoven, M., Plegge, C., Henrich, T., Alexander, T.: Posture based recognition of the visual focus of attention for adaptive mobile information systems. In: Schmorrow, D.D., Fidopiastis, C.M. (eds.) Foundations of Augmented Cognition: Neuroergonomics and Operational Neuroscience. LNCS, pp. 416–427. Springer
Marshall, S.P.: The index of cognitive activity: measuring cognitive workload. In: Proceedings of the 2002 IEEE 7th Conference on Human Factors and Power Plants New Century, New Trends, Scottsdale, AZ, USA, 15–19 September 2002, pp. 7-5–7-9. doi:10.1109/HFPP.2002.1042860
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2018 Springer International Publishing AG
About this paper
Cite this paper
Fromm, L., Zerbes, G., Plegge, C., Alexander, T. (2018). Evaluation of Decision Making Processes in Critical Situations. In: Boring, R. (eds) Advances in Human Error, Reliability, Resilience, and Performance. AHFE 2017. Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, vol 589. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-60645-3_21
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-60645-3_21
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-60644-6
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-60645-3
eBook Packages: EngineeringEngineering (R0)