Abstract
Requirements documents and models need to be used by many stakeholders with different technological proficiency during software development. Each stakeholder may need to understand the entire (or simply part of the) requirements artifacts. To empower these stakeholders, views of the requirements should be configurable to their particular needs. This paper uses information visualization techniques to help in this process. It proposes different views aiming at highlighting information that is relevant for a particular stakeholder, helping him to query requirements artifacts. We offer three kinds of visualizations capturing language and domain elements, while providing a gradual model overview: the big picture view, the syntax-based view, and the concern-based view. We instantiate these views with i* models and introduce an implementation prototype in the iStarLab tool.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Shneiderman, B.: The eyes have it: a task by data type taxonomy for information visualizations. In: Symposium on Visual Languages, pp. 336–343. IEEE (1996)
Diehl, S.: Software Visualization: Visualizing the Structure, Behaviour, and Evolution of Software. Springer Science & Business Media, New York (2007)
Cooper Jr., J.R., Lee, S.W., Gandhi, R., Gotel, O.: Requirements engineering visualization: a survey on the state-of-the-art. In: 4th International Workshop on Requirements Engineering Visualization (REV 2009), pp. 46–55. IEEE (2009)
Donzelli, P., Hirschbach, D., Basili, V.: Using visualization to understand dependability: a tool support for requirements analysis. In: 29th Annual IEEE/NASA Software Engineering Workshop, pp. 315–324. IEEE (2005)
Horkoff, J., Yu, E.: Visualizations to support interactive goal model analysis. In: 5th International Workshop on Requirements Engineering Visualization (REV 2010), pp. 1–10. IEEE (2010)
Reddivari, S., Rad, S., Bhowmik, T., Cain, N., Niu, N.: Visual requirements analytics: a framework and case study. Requirements Eng. 19(3), 257–279 (2014)
Yu, E.: Modelling strategic relationships for process reengineering. Ph.D. thesis, University of Toronto, Canada (1996)
Keim, D.: Information visualization and visual data mining. IEEE Trans. Visual Comput. Graphics 8(1), 1–8 (2002)
Storey, M.A.D., Fracchia, F.D., Müller, H.A.: Cognitive design elements to support the construction of a mental model during software exploration. J. Syst. Softw. 44(3), 171–185 (1999)
Moody, D., Heymans, P., Matulevičius, R.: Visual syntax does matter: improving the cognitive effectiveness of the i* visual notation. Requirements Eng. 15(2), 141–175 (2010)
Gralha, C., Goulão, M., Araújo, J.: Identifying modularity improvement opportunities in goal-oriented requirements models. In: Jarke, M., Mylopoulos, J., Quix, C., Rolland, C., Manolopoulos, Y., Mouratidis, H., Horkoff, J. (eds.) CAiSE 2014. LNCS, vol. 8484, pp. 91–104. Springer, Heidelberg (2014). doi:10.1007/978-3-319-07881-6_7
Hornbæk, K., Hertzum, M.: The notion of overview in information visualization. Int. J. Hum. Comput. Stud. 69(7), 509–525 (2011)
Kienle, H.M., Müller, H., et al.: Requirements of software visualization tools: a literature survey. In: 4th IEEE International Workshop on Visualizing Software for Understanding and Analysis, (VISSOFT 2007), pp. 2–9. IEEE (2007)
Storey, M.A.D.: Theories, methods and tools in program comprehension: past, present and future. In: 13th International Workshop on Program Comprehension (IWPC 2005), pp. 181–191. IEEE (2005)
Favre, J.M.: A new approach to software exploration: back-packing with GSEE. In: 6th European Conference on Software Maintenance and Reengineering, pp. 251–262. IEEE (2002)
Gotel, O., Marchese, F.T., Morris, S.J.: On requirements visualization. In: 2nd International Workshop on Requirements Engineering Visualization (REV 2007). IEEE (2007)
Gotel, O., Marchese, F.T., Morris, S.J.: The potential for synergy between information visualization and software engineering visualization. In: 12th International Conference on Information Visualisation, (IV 2008), pp. 547–552. IEEE (2008)
Niu, N., Mahmoud, A., Yang, X.: Faceted navigation for software exploration. In: IEEE International Conference on Program Comprehension, pp. 193–196 (2011)
Keller, P.R., Keller, M.M.: Visual Cues: Practical Data Visualization. IEEE Computer Society Press, Los Alamitos (1994)
Heim, P., Lohmann, S., Lauenroth, K., Ziegler, J.: Graph-based visualization of requirements relationships. In: 3rd International Workshop on Requirements Engineering Visualization, (REV 2008), pp. 51–55. IEEE (2008)
Ernst, N., Yu, Y., Mylopoulos, J.: Visualizing non-functional requirements. In: 1st International Workshop on Requirements Engineering Visualization (REV 2006). IEEE (2006)
Baniassad, E., Clarke, S.: Investigating the use of clues for scaling document-level concern graphs. In: Workshop on Early Aspects (held with ECOOP 2004), Vancouver, Canada, pp. 1–7 (2004)
Jacobson, I., Spence, I., Bittner, K.: Use Case 2.0: the guide to succeeding with use cases. In: Ivar Jacobson International, pp. 1–55 (2011)
Supakkul, S., Chung, L.: Visualizing non-functional requirements patterns. In: 5th International Workshop on Requirements Engineering Visualization (REV 2010), pp. 25–34. IEEE (2010)
Jacobson, I., Ng, P.W.: Aspect-Oriented Software Development with Use Cases. Addison-Wesley Object Technology Series. Addison-Wesley Professional, Reading (2004)
Bork, D., Buchmann, R., Karagiannis, D.: Preserving multi-view consistency in diagrammatic knowledge representation. In: Zhang, S., Wirsing, M., Zhang, Z. (eds.) KSEM 2015. LNCS, vol. 9403, pp. 177–182. Springer, Heidelberg (2015). doi:10.1007/978-3-319-25159-2_16
Acknowledgments
This work was funded by UFRN and NOVA LINCS research laboratory (Ref. UID/CEC/04516/2013), CNPq-PDE grant 201848/2014-7, and FCT-MCTES research grant SFRH/BD/108492/2015.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2016 Springer International Publishing AG
About this paper
Cite this paper
Silva, L., Moreira, A., Araújo, J., Gralha, C., Goulão, M., Amaral, V. (2016). Exploring Views for Goal-Oriented Requirements Comprehension. In: Comyn-Wattiau, I., Tanaka, K., Song, IY., Yamamoto, S., Saeki, M. (eds) Conceptual Modeling. ER 2016. Lecture Notes in Computer Science(), vol 9974. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-46397-1_12
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-46397-1_12
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-46396-4
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-46397-1
eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)