Abstract
The Internet of Things (IoT) is an ever mentioned phenomena which is closely linked to a rapidly growing Low-Power Wide-Area Networks (LPWAN). Although LPWANs are already widely deployed the performance under real-life conditions of the communication system such as Ultra Narrow Band (UNB) radio technology has not been deeply studied yet. Smart City applications of IoT imply low energy consumption, high spectrum efficiency, and comprehensive security hence the range limits are very constrained and must be verified before deployment is started. In this work, authors verify UNB technology called SIGFOX and identify technological constraints. These constraints allow us to formulate a measurement methodology combining range measurements in an urban area to show transmission characteristics of SIGFOX technology. The subsequent evaluation of the technology using reference/commercially available SIGFOX hardware in real urban areas shows the impacts to possible applications of this novel UNB technology.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Similar content being viewed by others
References
3GPP: Cellular system support for ultra-low complexity and low throughput internet of things (ciot) (release 13), tr 45.820 v13.1.0 (2015)
3GPP: Network architecture (release 12), ts 23.002 v12.7.0 (2015)
Roivainen, A., Jayasinghe, P., Meinila, J., Hovinen, V., Latva-aho, M.: Vehicle-to-vehicle radio channel characterization in urban environment at 2.3 ghz and 5.25 ghz, pp. 63–67 (2014)
a.s., SimpleCellNetworks: Technologie sigfox. http://www.simplecell.eu/pages/technologie_sigfox/
Ashton, K.: That internet of things thing. RFiD J. 22, 97–114 (2009)
Baccour, N., et al.: Radio link quality estimation in low-power wireless networks, p. 147 (2013)
CEPT: Erc recommendation 70–03. http://www.efis.dk/reports/ReportDownloader?reportid=2
Comission, E.: Smart meter rollout. https://ec.europa.eu/energy/en/topics/markets-and-consumers/smart-grids-and-meters
Davies, A.: On lpwans: why sigfox and lora are rather different, and the importance of the business model. http://bit.ly/28Nf3qy
Design, T., S.A.: Td1208 evaluation board users guide. https://github.com/Telecom-Design/Documentation_TD_RF_Module/raw/master/TD1208
ETSI: Low throughput networks (ltn); functional architecture, etsi gs ltn 002 v1.1.1 (2014)
Margelis, G., Piechocki, R., Kaleshi, D., Thoma, P.: Low throughput networks for the iot: Lessons learned from industrial implementations, pp. 181–186 (2015)
Gartner: Gartner says smart cities will use 1.6 billion connected things in 2016. http://www.gartner.com/newsroom/id/3175418
Gomez, C., Paradells, J.: Urban automation networks: current and emerging solutions for sensed data collection and actuation in smart cities. Sensors 9, 22874–22898 (2015)
Poncela, J., Moreno-Roldan, J.M., Aamir, M., Alvi, B.A.: M2m challenges and opportunities in 4g. Wirel. Pers. Commun. 85, 407–420 (2015)
Link Labs, I.: A comprehensive look at low power, wide area networks. http://info.link-labs.com/lpwan
Alaya, M.B., Medjiah, S., Monteil, T., Drira, K.: Toward semantic interoperability in onem2m architecture. IEEE Commun. Mag. 53(12), pp. 35–41 (2015)
Meinila, J., et al: Wireless world initiative new radio winner+ (2010). http://projects.celtic-initiative.org/winner+/WINNER+%20Deliverables/D5.3_v1.0.pdf
Do, M.-T., Claire Goursaud, J.M.G.: Interference modelling and analysis of random fdma scheme in ultra narrowband networks (2014)
Mišić, V., Mišić, J.: Machine-to-machine communications (348) (2014)
Ratasuk, R., Mangalvedhe, N., Ghosh, A., Vejlgaard, B.: Narrowband lte-m system for m2m communication 85, pp. 1–5 (2014)
Shahin, F.: Zigbee wireless networks and transceivers, p. 364 (2008)
SIGFOX: Sigfox, m2m and iot redefined through cost effective and energy optimized connectivity. http://www.SIGFOX.com/static/media/Files/Documentation/SIGFOX_Whitepaper.pdf
SIGFOX: Sigfox specifics. http://makers.SIGFOX.com/#about
Smierzchalsk, S.: Sigfox technical specification
a.s. T-Mobile Czech Republic: T-mobile pokryje českou republiku sítí sigfox pro internet věcí. http://www.t-press.cz/cs/tiskove-materialy/tiskove-zpravy-t-mobile/t-mobile-pokryje-ceskou-republiku-siti-sigfox-pro-internet-veci.html
Wendt, T., Volk, F., Mackensen, E.: A benchmark survey of long range (loratm) spread-spectrum-communication at 2.45 ghz for safety applications 16, 1–4 (2015)
TI: Achieving optimum radio range (application report swra479) (2015). http://www.ti.com.cn/cn/lit/an/swra479/swra479.pdf
Xiong, F., Andro, M.: The effect of doppler frequency shift, frequency offset of the local oscillators, and phase noise on the performance of coherent ofdm receivers (2001)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2016 Springer International Publishing Switzerland
About this paper
Cite this paper
Kalfus, R., Hégr, T. (2016). Ultra Narrow Band Radio Technology in High-Density Built-Up Areas. In: Dregvaite, G., Damasevicius, R. (eds) Information and Software Technologies. ICIST 2016. Communications in Computer and Information Science, vol 639. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-46254-7_54
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-46254-7_54
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-46253-0
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-46254-7
eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)