Abstract
This paper builds upon the existing concept of an everyday designer as a non-expert designer who carries out design activities using available resources in a given environment. It does so by examining the design activities undertaken by non-expert, informal, designers in organisations who make use of the formal and informal technology already in use in organisations while designing to direct, influence, change or transform the practices of people in the organisation. These people represent a cohort of designers who are given little attention in the literature on information systems, despite their central role in the formation of practice and enactment of technology in organisations. The paper describes the experiences of 18 everyday designers in an academic setting using three concepts: everyday designer in an organisation, empathy through design and experiencing an awareness gap. These concepts were constructed through the analysis of in-depth interviews with the participants. The paper concludes with a call for tool support for everyday designers in organisations to enable them to better understand the audience for whom they are designing and the role technology plays in the organisation.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Callon, M.: Some Elements of a Sociology of Translation: Domestication of the Scallops and the Fishermen. Power, Action and Belief: A New Sociology of Knowledge (1986)
Latour, B.: Reassembling the Social-An Introduction to Actor-Network-Theory. Oxford University Press, Oxford (2005)
Giddens, A.: The Constitution of Society: Outline of the Theory of Structuration (1986)
DeSanctis, G., Poole, M.S.: Capturing the complexity in advanced technology use: adaptive structuration theory. Organ. Sci. 5(2), 121–147 (1994)
Suchman, L.: Human-Machine Reconfigurations: Plans and Situated Actions, 2nd edn. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge (2006)
Pickering, A.: The Mangle of Practice: Time, Agency, and Science. University of Chicago, Chicago (2010)
Orlikowski, W.J.: Using technology and constituting structures: a practice lens for studying technology in organizations. In: Resources, Co-evolution and Artifacts. Springer (2000)
Cecez-Kecmanovic, D., Galliers, R.D., Henfridsson, O., Newell, S., Vidgen, R.: The sociomateriality of information systems: current status, future directions. MIS Q. 38, 809–830 (2014)
Leonardi, P.M.: Materiality, sociomateriality, and socio-technical systems: What do these terms mean? How are they different? Do we need them (2012)
Orlikowski, W.J.: Sociomaterial practices: exploring technology at work. Organ. Stud. 28(9), 1435–1448 (2007)
Sein, M.K., Henfridsson, O., Purao, S., Rossi, M., Lindgren, R.: Action design research. MIS Q. 35(1), 37–56 (2011)
Haj-Bolouri, A.: The notion of users in design science research. In: 38th Information Systems Research Seminar in Scandinavia (IRIS 38), Oulu, Finland, 9–12 August 2015
Harrison, S., Tatar, D., Sengers, P.: The three paradigms of HCI. In: Alt. Chi. Session at the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (2007)
Bannon, L.: From human factors to human actors: The role of psychology and human-computer interaction studies in system design. Des. Work Coop. Des. Comput Syst. (1991)
Cooper, A.: The Inmates are Running the Asylum: Why High-Tech Products Drive us Crazy and How to Restore the Sanity, vol. 261. Sams, Indianapolis (1999)
Vaishnavi, V.K., Kuechler Jr., W.: Design Science Research Methods and Patterns: Innovating Information and Communication Technology. Auerbach Publications, Philadelphia (2007)
Hevner, A.R., March, S.T., Park, J., Ram, S.: Design science in information systems research. MIS Q. 28(1), 75–105 (2004)
Peffers, K., Tuunanen, T., Rothenberger, M.A., Chatterjee, S.: A design science research methodology for information systems research. J. Manag. Inf. Syst. 24, 45–77 (2007)
Simon, H.A.: The Sciences of the Artificial, vol. 136. MIT press, Cambridge (1969)
Norman, D.A.: Emotional Design: Why We Love (or Hate) Everyday Things (2005)
Manzini, E.: Design, When Everybody Designs: An Introduction to Design for Social Innovation. MIT Press, Cambridge (2015)
Reckwitz, A.: Toward a theory of social practices a development in culturalist theorizing. Eur. J. Soc. Theory 5(2), 243–263 (2002)
Kuijer, L.: Implications of Social Practice Theory for Sustainable Design (2014)
Shove, E.: The Design of Everyday Life. Berg, Oxford (2007)
Bjørn, P., Østerlund, C.: Sociomateriality and design. In: Sociomaterial-Design (2014)
Kuutti, K., Bannon, L.J.: The turn to practice in HCI: towards a research agenda. In: Proceedings of the 32nd Annual ACM conference CHI, pp. 3543–3552 (2014)
Wulf, V., Rohde, M., Pipek, V., Stevens, G.: Engaging with practices: design case studies as a research framework in CSCW. In: CSCW 2011, pp. 505–512
Rohde, M., Stevens, G., Brödner, P., Wulf, V.: Towards a paradigmatic shift in IS: designing for social practice. In: DESRIST (2009)
Ehn, P.: Scandinavian design: on participation and skill. Particip. Des. Princ. (1993)
Cosgrave, R., Rísquez, A., Logan-Phelan, T., Farrelly, T., Costello, E., Palmer, M., McAvinia, C., Harding, N., Vaughan, N.: Usage and Uptake of Virtual Learning Environments in Ireland: Findings from a Multi Institutional Study. AISHE-J (2011)
McAvinia, C.: Investigating the adoption of a university virtual learning environment: an activity theoretic analysis. Unpublished Ph.D. thesis, University of Dublin, Dublin (2011)
O’Rourke, K.C., Rooney, P., Boylan, F.: What’s the use of a VLE? Ir. J. Acad. Pract. 4(1), 10 (2015)
Selim, H.M.: Critical success factors for e-learning acceptance: confirmatory factor models. Comput. Educ. 49(2), 396–413 (2007)
Šumak, B., HeričKo, M., Pušnik, M.: A meta-analysis of e-learning technology acceptance: the role of user types and e-learning technology types. Comput. Hum. Behav. 27(6), 2067–2077 (2011)
Trowler, P.R., et al.: Academic Tribes and Territories. McGraw-Hill, New York (2001)
Johannesen, M., Erstad, O., Habib, L.: Virtual learning environments as sociomaterial agents in the network of teaching practice. Comput. Educ. 59, 785–792 (2012)
Lechuga, V.M., Altbach, P.G.: The Changing Landscape of the Academic Profession: The Culture of Faculty at for-Profit Colleges and Universities. Routledge, New York (2006)
Debowski, S.: The New Academic: A Strategic Handbook: A Strategic Handbook. McGraw-Hill Education, Maidenhead (2012)
Whitchurch, C., Gordon, G.: Academic and Professional Identities in Higher Education: The Challenges of a Diversifying Workforce. Routledge, London (2009)
Gornall, L., Cook, C., Daunton, L.: Academic Working Lives: Experience Practice and Change. Bloomsbury Academic, London (2013)
Musselin, C.: The Transformation of Academic Work: Facts and Analysis. Research and Occasional Paper Series: CSHE. 4.07. Center for Studies in Higher Education (2007)
Charmaz, K.: Constructing Grounded Theory, 2nd edn. SAGE, Thousand Oaks (2013)
Ralph, N., Birks, M., Chapman, Y.: The methodological dynamism of grounded theory. Int. J. Qual. Methods 14(4), 1–6 (2015). 1609406915611576
Glaser, B.G., Strauss, A.: The Discovery of Grounded Theory: Strategies for Qualitative Research. Transaction Publishers, Chicago (1967)
Hammersley, M.: Ethnography: Principles in Practice (2007)
Goldkuhl, G., Cronholm, S.: Adding theoretical grounding to grounded theory: toward multi-grounded theory. Int. J. Qual. Methods 9(2), 187–205 (2010)
Thornberg, R.: Informed grounded theory. Scand. J. Educ. Res. 56, 243–259 (2012)
Urquhart, C., Lehmann, H., Myers, M.D.: Putting the ‘theory’ back into grounded theory: guidelines for grounded theory studies in information systems. Inf. Syst. J. 20, 357–381 (2010)
Matavire, R., Brown, I.: Profiling grounded theory approaches in information systems research†. Eur. J. Inf. Syst. 22(1), 119–129 (2013)
Klein, H.K., Myers, M.D.: A set of principles for conducting and evaluating interpretive field studies in information systems. MIS Q. 23, 67–93 (1999)
Orlikowski, W.J.: CASE tools as organizational change: investigating incremental and radical changes in systems development. MIS Q. 17, 309–340 (1993)
Carroll, J.M.: Making Use: Scenario-Based Design of Human-Computer Interactions (2000)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2016 Springer International Publishing Switzerland
About this paper
Cite this paper
O’Leary, C., Mtenzi, F., McAvinia, C. (2016). Understanding the Everyday Designer in Organisations. In: Parsons, J., Tuunanen, T., Venable, J., Donnellan, B., Helfert, M., Kenneally, J. (eds) Tackling Society's Grand Challenges with Design Science. DESRIST 2016. Lecture Notes in Computer Science(), vol 9661. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-39294-3_8
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-39294-3_8
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-39293-6
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-39294-3
eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)