Abstract
The problem of the alternative operational technique concerning effluent re-circulation in Horizontal Subsurface Flow Constructed Wetlands (HSF CW), and the possibility of this technique to remove efficiently pollutants under uncertainty, is investigated numerically in a stochastic way. Uncertain-but-bounded input-parameters are considered as interval parameters with known upper and lower bounds. This uncertainty is treated by using the Monte Carlo method. A typical pilot case of an HSF CW concerning Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) removal is presented and numerically investigated. The purpose of the present study is to compare the relevant numerical results obtained under parameter uncertainty and concerning HSF CW operation with and without the effluent recirculation technique.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Kadlec, R.H., Wallace, S.: Treatment Wetlands, 2nd edn. CRC Press, Boca Raton (2009)
Gorgoglione, A., Torretta, V.: Sustainable management and successful application of constructed wetlands: a critical review. Sustainability 10(11), 3910 (2018)
Moshiri, G.A.: Constructed Wetlands for Water Quality Improvement. CRC Press, Boca Raton (2020)
Vymazal, J.: Constructed wetlands for wastewater treatment. Water 2(3), 530–549 (2010)
Idris, S.M., Jones, P.L., Salzman, S.A., Croatto, G., Allinson, G.: Evaluation of the giant reed (Arundo donax) in horizontal subsurface flow wetlands for the treatment of recirculating aquaculture system effluent. Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res. 19(4), 1159–1170 (2012)
Lin, C.J., et al.: Application of an innovative front aeration and internal recirculation strategy to improve the removal of pollutants in subsurface flow constructed wetlands. J. Environ. Manag. 256, 109873 (2020)
Saeed, T., Miah, M.J., Majed, N., Alam, M.K., Khan, T.: Effect of effluent recirculation on nutrients and organics removal performance of hybrid constructed wetlands: landfill leachate treatment. J. Clean. Prod. 282, 125427 (2021)
Stefanakis, A.I., Tsihrintzis, V.A.: Effect of outlet water level raising and effluent recirculation on removal efficiency of pilot-scale, horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetlands. Desalination 248, 961–976 (2009)
Torrijos, V., Gonzalo, O.G., Trueba-Santiso, A., Ruiz, I., Soto, M.: Effect of by-pass and effluent recirculation on nitrogen removal in hybrid constructed wetlands for domestic and industrial wastewater treatment. Water Res. 103, 92–100 (2016)
Avila, C., Pelissari, C., Sezerino, P.H., Sgroi, M., Roccaro, P., Garcia, J.: Enhancement of total nitrogen removal through effluent recirculation and fate of PPCPs in a hybrid constructed wetland system treating urban wastewater. Sci. Total Environ. 584, 414–425 (2017)
Konnerup, D., Trang, N.T.D., Brix, H.: Treatment of fishpond water by recirculating horizontal and vertical flow constructed wetlands in the tropics. Aquaculture 313(1), 57–64 (2011)
Sun, G., Gray, K.R., Biddlestone, A.J., Allen, S.J., Cooper, D.J.: Effect of effluent recirculation on the performance of a reed bed system treating agricultural wastewater. Process Biochem. 39(3), 351–357 (2003)
Liolios, K.A., Moutsopoulos, K.N., Tsihrintzis, V.A.: Modelling alternative feeding techniques in HSF constructed wetlands. Environ. Process. 3(1), 47–64 (2016)
Waterloo Hydrogeologic Inc.: Visual MODFLOW version 4.2. User’s manual. U.S. Geological Survey, Virginia (2006)
Prost-Boucle, S., Molle, P.: Recirculation on a single stage of vertical flow con-structed wetland: treatment limits and operation modes. Ecol. Eng. 43, 81–84 (2012)
Zapater, M., Gross, A., Soares, M.I.M.: Capacity of an on-site recirculating vertical flow constructed wetland to withstand disturbances and highly variable influent quality. Ecol. Eng. 37(10), 1572–1577 (2011)
Sklarz, M.Y., Gross, A., Soares, M.I.M., Yakirevich, A.: Mathematical model for analysis of recirculating vertical flow constructed wetlands. Water Res. 44(6), 2010–2020 (2010)
Liolios, K.A., Moutsopoulos, K.N., Tsihrintzis, V.A.: Modeling of flow and BOD fate in horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetlands. Chem. Eng. J. 200–202, 681–693 (2012)
Zheng, C., Bennet, G.D.: Applied Contaminant Transport Modelling, 2nd edn. Wiley, New York (2002)
Bear, J., Cheng, A.D.: Modeling Groundwater Flow and Contaminant Transport. Springer, Dordrecht (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-6682-5
Dimov, I.T.: Monte Carlo Methods for Applied Scientists. World Scientific, Singapore (2008)
Papadrakakis, M., Stefanou, G., Papadopoulos, V.: Computational Methods in Stochastic Dynamics. Springer, Dordrecht (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-9987-7
Kottegoda, N.T., Rosso, R.: Statistics, Probability and Reliability for Civil and Environmental Engineers. McGraw-Hill, New York (1997)
Rubinstein, R.Y., Kroese, D.P.: Simulation and the Monte Carlo Method, 3rd edn. Wiley, New Jersey (2016)
Liolios, K., Skodras, G., Georgiev, K., Georgiev, I.: Analysis of contaminant removal in constructed wetlands under step-feeding: a Monte Carlo based stochastic treatment accounting for uncertainty. Studies in Computational Intelligence (Submitted)
Acknowledgements
This work of K. Georgiev was accomplished with the support by the Grant No BG05M2OP001-1.001-0003, financed by the Science and Education for Smart Growth Operational Program (2014-2020) and co-financed by the European Union through the European structural and Investment funds.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2022 Springer Nature Switzerland AG
About this paper
Cite this paper
Liolios, K., Skodras, G., Georgiev, K., Georgiev, I. (2022). Effluent Recirculation for Contaminant Removal in Constructed Wetlands Under Uncertainty: A Stochastic Numerical Approach Based on Monte Carlo Methodology. In: Lirkov, I., Margenov, S. (eds) Large-Scale Scientific Computing. LSSC 2021. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 13127. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-97549-4_17
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-97549-4_17
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-030-97548-7
Online ISBN: 978-3-030-97549-4
eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)