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The Astrocytic Microdomain as a Generative Mechanism for Local Plasticity

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Brain Informatics (BI 2018)

Part of the book series: Lecture Notes in Computer Science ((LNAI,volume 11309))

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Abstract

Mounting experimental evidence suggests that astrocytes have an active role in synaptic modification. A central premise is that they modify the structure and the function of the neuronal network but the underlying mechanisms for doing so remain elusive. Here, we developed a biophysically constrained 2D compartmental model of an astrocytic microdomain that suggests an explanation for the recently reported functional clustering of synapses. Our model followed the typical geometrical structure of astrocytes, comprising of functionally independent microdomains, and the spatial allocation of their sub-cellular organelles giving rise to (a) fast, process-specific and (b) delayed, microdomain-wide calcium waves. These waves encoded the neuronal activity into their spatial extent and interacted with each other to impose locally restricted synaptic weight modifications constrained in the microdomain. Our results give a possible explanation for the recently reported spatially clustered functional groups in dendritic spines, advocating the astrocytic microdomain as a fundamental learning unit in the brain.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Computational Brain Lab, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, 08854, USA

    Ioannis Polykretis, Vladimir Ivanov & Konstantinos P. Michmizos

Authors
  1. Ioannis Polykretis
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  2. Vladimir Ivanov
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  3. Konstantinos P. Michmizos
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Konstantinos P. Michmizos .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, USA

    Shouyi Wang

  2. University of Southern California, West Hollywood, USA

    Vicky Yamamoto

  3. Department of Mathematics, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, USA

    Jianzhong Su

  4. Maebashi Institute of Technology, Gunma, Japan

    Yang Yang

  5. The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, USA

    Erick Jones

  6. Louisiana Tech University, Arlington, TX, USA

    Leon Iasemidis

  7. Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA

    Tom Mitchell

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Polykretis, I., Ivanov, V., Michmizos, K.P. (2018). The Astrocytic Microdomain as a Generative Mechanism for Local Plasticity. In: Wang, S., et al. Brain Informatics. BI 2018. Lecture Notes in Computer Science(), vol 11309. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-05587-5_15

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-05587-5_15

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  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-030-05586-8

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-030-05587-5

  • eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)

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