Abstract
An extended first order predicate calculus language ‘KS’ is defined as the internal representation language for the deductive question-answering system PLIDIS. It serves the functions of a semantic representation language for German, of a knowledge representation language, and of a data base query language. KS incorporates the following extensions: equality, recursively constructed argument terms, ‘list terms’ for representing sets of individuals, and many-sorted domains of individuals. The PLIDIS data base contains ground atomic formulas and axioms. The evaluation of KS-queries proceeds in two steps: first, queries are normalized, i.e., made quantifier-free by means of term-embedding; next, an evaluation graph for the normalised query is constructed. The evaluation of the graph is described.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Berry-Rogghe, G. and Wulz, H. [1978] An Overview of PLIDIS, A Problem Solving System with German as Query Language, In Natural Language Comnunication with Computers (L. Bole, Ed.), Springer, Heidelberg, 1978, forthcoming.
Boyce, R. F., Chamberlin, D. D., King III, W. F, and Hammer, M. M. [1975] Specifying Queries as Relational Expressions: The SQUARE Data Sublanguage, CACM 11, 18 (Nov. 1975), 621–628.
Chang, C.L. [1978] DEDUCE 2: Further Investigations of Deduction in Relational Data Bases, In Logic and Data Bases (H. Gallaire and J. Minker, Eds.), Plenum Press, New York, 1978, 201–236.
Codd, E. F. [1970] A Relational Model for Large Shared Data Banks, CACM 13, 6 (June 1970), 377–387.
Codd, E. F. [1972] Relational Completeness of Data Base Sublanguages, In Data Base Systems (R. Rustin, Ed.), Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, N.J., 1972, 65–98.
Hayes, P. J. [1971] A Logic of Actions, In Machine Intelligence 6 (B. Meltzer and D. Michie, Eds.), Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh, 1971, 495–520.
Kellogg, C., Klahr, P. and Travis, L. [1978] Deductive Planning and Pathfinding for Relational Data Bases, In Logic and Data Bases (H. Gallaire and J. Minker, Eds.), Plenum Press, New York, 1978, 179–200.
Kleene, S. C. [1967] Mathematical Logic, Wiley & Sons, New York, 1967, (see pp. 125–134).
Lacroix, M. and Pirotte, A. [1977] Domain-Oriented Relational Languages, Proceedings International Conference on Very Large Data Bases, Tokyo, IEEE, 1977, 370–378. Also MBLE Report R-351, April, 1977.
Landsbergen, S. and Scha, R. [1978] Formal Languages for Semantic Representation, In Aspects of Automated Text Processing (J. Petöfi, Ed.)3 Buske, Hamburg, 19783 forthcoming.
McCarthy, J. and Hayes, P. [1969] Some Philosophical Problems from the Standpoint of Artificial Intelligence, In Machine Intelligence 4 (B. Meltzer and D. Michie, Eds.), Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh, 1969, 463–502.
McSkimin, J. R. and Minker, J. [1978] A Predicate Calculus Based Semantic Network for Question-Answering Systems, In Associative Networks — The Representation and Use of Knowledge (N. Findler, Ed.), Academic Press, New York, 1978.
Minker, J. [1978] An Experimental Relational Data Base System Based on Logic, In Logic and Data Bases (H. Gallaire and J. Minker, Eds.), Plenum Press, New York, 1978, 107–147.
Pople, H. R. [1972] A Goal-Oriented Language for the Computer, In Representation and Meaning (H. A. Simon and L. Siklossy, Eds.), Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, N.J., 1972, 329–413.
Quine, W. [1972] Methods of Logic, 3rd Edition, Holt, Rinhart and Winston, New York, 1972, (see pp. 232–234).
Reiter, R. [1977] An Approach to Deductive Question-Answering, BBN Tech. Report 3649, Bolt Beranek and Newman, Inc., Cambridge, Mass., Sept. 1977, 161 pp.
Reiter, R. [1978] On Closed World Data Bases, In Logic and Data Bases (H. Gallaire and J. Minker, Eds.), Plenum Press, New York, 1978, 55–76.
Sandewall, E. [1971] Representing Natural Language Information in Predicate Calculus, In Machine Intelligence 6 (B. Meltzer and D. Michie, Eds.), Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh, 1971, 255–277.
Thomason, R. H. [1972] A Semantic Theory of Sortal Incorrectness, Journal of Philosophical Logic 1, 1972, 209–258.
Woods, W. A., Kaplan, R. M. and Nash-Webber, B. L. [1972] The Lunar Sciences Natural Language Information System, Final Report, BBN Report No. 2378, Cambridge, Mass., June 1972.
Zifonun, G. [1977] Die Konstruktsprache KS. Entwurf eines Darstellungsmittels für natürlichsprachlich formulierte Information, In kasustheorie, Klassifikation, semantische interpretation, Papiere zur Textlinguistik 11, Buske, Hamburg, 1977, 305–322.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1978 Plenum Press, New York
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Dilger, W., Zifonun, G. (1978). The Predicate Calculus-Language KS as a Query Language. In: Gallaire, H., Minker, J. (eds) Logic and Data Bases. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-3384-5_14
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-3384-5_14
Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA
Print ISBN: 978-1-4684-3386-9
Online ISBN: 978-1-4684-3384-5
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive