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/Fm1 Do Q BT /T1_0 7.97 Tf 367.23 532.78 Td (Fig.)Tj 1 0 0 1 72 720 Tm 310.63601 -187.22 Td [(8:)-349.99995 (A)72.99873 (v)15.00627 (erage)-349.00873 (Po)24.00251 (wer)-348.99618 (Consumption)-349.99995 (for)-349.99995 (D)38.99623 (ASH)]TJ ET q 0.6002 0 0 0.6002 319 314.82 cm /Fm2 Do Q BT /T1_0 7.97 Tf 365.97 303.56 Td (Fig.)Tj 1 0 0 1 72 720 Tm 309.37601 -416.44 Td [(9:)-349.99995 (A)72.99873 (v)15.00627 (erage)-349.00873 (Throughput)-349.99995 (per)-349.99995 (User)-349.99995 (for)-349.99995 (D)39.00878 (ASH)]TJ ET q 0.6002 0 0 0.6002 319 85.59 cm /Fm3 Do Q BT /T1_0 7.97 Tf 381.97 74.33 Td (Fig.)Tj 1 0 0 1 72 720 Tm 325.38398 -645.67 Td [(10:)-349.99995 (A)72.99873 (v)15.00627 (erage)-349.00873 (Ef)24.00251 (\002cienc)15.00627 (y)-349.00873 (for)-349.99995 (D)39.00878 (ASH)]TJ /Figure <>BDC /T1_4 8 Tf -283.19998 702.95796 Td (19th International ICIN Conference - Innovations in Clouds, Internet and\ Networks - March 1-3, 2016, Paris.)Tj EMC /Figure <>BDC /T1_4 10 Tf 183.47599 -768.28796 Td (264)Tj EMC ET endstream endobj 188 0 obj <>stream q 0.4839 0 0 0.4839 48.96 548.81 cm /Fm0 Do Q BT /T1_0 7.97 Tf 83.43 537.55 Td (Fig.)Tj 1 0 0 1 72 720 Tm 26.84398 -182.45 Td [(5:)-349.99995 (A)72.99873 (v)15.00627 (erage)-349.00873 (Ef)24.00251 (\002cienc)15.00627 (y)-349.00873 (for)-349.99995 (Dif)24.00251 (ferent)-348.99618 (V)58.99623 (ideo)-348.99618 (Qualities)]TJ /T1_0 9.963 Tf -49.88398 -40.81 Td [(other)-339.99808 (users)-341.00179 (ha)19.00031 (v)14.99549 (e)-339.99808 (ongoing)-341.00179 (traf)23.9988 (\002cs.)-339.99808 (If)-341.00179 (so,)-340.99176 (it)-341.00179 (is)-341.00179 (wise)-341.00179 (to)-341.00179 (request)-340.99176 (a)]TJ 0 -10.96 TD [(lo)25.00252 (wer)-394.00793 (quality)-394.99157 (to)-394.00793 (a)19.00031 (v)20.00402 (oid)-393.99789 (af)23.9988 (fecting)-393.00422 (other)-395.00161 (users)-394.99157 (and)-394.00793 (thus)-394.99157 (achie)23.9988 (v)14.99549 (e)]TJ T* [(better)-361.99949 (ef)23.9988 (\002cienc)14.99549 (y)65.00052 (,)-360.99578 (e)23.9988 (v)15.00552 (en)-361.00581 (though)-363.0032 (the)-361.99949 (estimated)-361.99949 (throughput)-362.99317 (might)]TJ T* [(be)-352.0025 (higher)-352.0025 (than)-351.99246 (the)-352.0025 (current)-352.0025 (one.)-352.0025 (T)79.00233 (o)-350.99879 (do)-352.0025 (an)-351.99246 (accurate)-352.0025 (check,)-353.00621 (it)-351.99246 (is)]TJ T* [(necessary)-341.00179 (to)-341.99547 (a)19.00031 (v)19.99398 (oid)-339.99808 (timeout)-341.99547 (v)23.9988 (alues)-339.99808 (close)-342.00551 (to)-341.99547 (zero,)-341.00179 (because)-342.00551 (R)59.00835 (TT)]TJ 0 -10.95 TD [(curv)14.99549 (es)-441.9955 (for)-442.99921 (dif)23.9988 (ferent)-441.9955 (qualities)-442.99921 (and)-443.00925 (dif)24.00884 (ferent)-442.00553 (numbers)-442.99921 (of)-442.99921 (users)]TJ 0 -10.96 TD [(o)14.99549 (v)15.00552 (erlap)-414.00191 (and)-414.00191 (are)-414.00191 (hard)-414.99559 (to)-414.00191 (distinguish)-414.00191 (in)-414.99559 (this)-414.00191 (timeout)-414.00191 (range.)-414.99559 (In)]TJ T* [(the)-349.00139 (ne)14.00181 (xt)-349.00139 (subsection,)-349.99507 (we)-350.00511 (will)-349.99507 (detail)-350.00511 (our)-350.99879 (ne)23.9988 (w)-349.00139 (algorithm.)]TJ /T1_1 9.963 Tf 0 -24.9 TD [(B.)-538.00074 (Dynamic)-349.99507 (T)53.99981 (imeout)-349.00139 (for)-350.00511 (D)34.00583 (ASH)]TJ /T1_0 9.963 Tf 14.4 -17.21 Td [(In)-452.00253 (this)-453.99992 (section,)-452.9962 (we)-453.99992 (present)-453.00624 (our)-452.9962 (cross-layer)39.00433 (,)-453.00624 (on-line)-452.9962 (algo-)]TJ -14.4 -10.96 Td [(rithm,)-238.00066 (that)-238.00066 (determines)-238.00066 (the)-238.00066 (timeout)-238.00066 (dynamically)-238.99434 (without)-238.00066 (causing)]TJ 0 -10.96 TD [(the)-339.99808 (R)58.99831 (TT)-339.99808 (to)-341.00179 (increase.)-341.00179 (The)-339.99808 (k)9.00331 (e)14.99549 (y)-339.99808 (idea)-341.00179 (is)-341.00179 (to)-339.99808 (reduce)-341.00179 (the)-341.00179 (timeout)-340.99176 (as)]TJ T* [(long)-452.00253 (as)-452.00253 (the)-452.9962 (measured)-452.00253 (R)58.99831 (TT)-451.99249 (does)-452.00253 (not)-452.9962 (change)-452.00253 (signi\002cantly)63.9968 (.)-452.00253 (If)]TJ T* [(the)-336.99698 (R)58.99831 (TT)-336.0033 (increases)-338.00069 (intolerably)-336.99698 (then)-336.99698 (we)-338.00069 (increase)-337.00701 (the)-336.99698 (timeout)-338.00069 (to)]TJ T* [(compensate)-339.0044 (the)-338.99437 (ef)23.9988 (fect)-339.0044 (of)-338.99437 (the)-339.99808 (increased)-339.0044 (R)58.99831 (TT)74.00383 (.)-339.0044 (The)-338.99437 (procedure)-339.99808 (is)]TJ T* [(e)14.99549 (xplained)-348.99136 (in)-350.00511 (detail)-349.99507 (in)-350.00511 (Algorithm)-349.99507 (1.)]TJ 14.4 -17.22 Td [(The)-369.00541 (D)39.00433 (ASH)-368.99538 (procedure)-369.99909 (described)-371.00281 (in)-369.99909 (Section)-369.99909 (III-A)-369.99909 (may)-370.00913 (not)]TJ -14.4 -10.95 Td [(be)-322.00149 (ef)23.9988 (\002cient)-322.00149 (since)-321.99145 (it)-323.0052 (may)-322.00149 (not)-322.99516 (be)-322.00149 (feasible)-323.0052 (to)-321.99145 (accurately)-323.0052 (measure)]TJ T* [(netw)9.99699 (ork)-525.99632 (throughput)-527.00004 (due)-525.99632 (to)-527.00004 (high)-527.00004 (v)23.9988 (ariations)-525.00264 (in)-527.00004 (the)-527.00004 (netw)9.00331 (ork.)]TJ T* [(Hence,)-306.00229 (we)-306.99596 (modify)-307.99968 (the)-307.006 (procedure)-306.99596 (to)-306.99596 (tak)8.99328 (e)-306.00229 (into)-306.99596 (account)-306.99596 (not)-307.006 (only)]TJ T* [(the)-282.99716 (throughput)-284.00088 (b)19.00031 (ut)-282.00349 (also)-284.00088 (the)-282.99716 (measured)-284.00088 (R)58.99831 (TT)-282.00349 (v)24.00884 (alues,)-283.0072 (and)-284.00088 (propose)]TJ T* [(a)-284.99455 (R)58.99831 (TT)-284.00088 (based)-285.00459 (D)39.00433 (ASH)-284.00088 (\(R-D)38.99429 (ASH\))-284.99455 (as)-285.00459 (follo)23.9988 (ws:)-284.00088 (Let)]TJ /T1_2 9.963 Tf 192.09 0 Td [(R)-6.99589 (T)-139.00435 (T)]TJ /T1_3 6.974 Tf 20.67 -1.49 Td (thr)Tj /T1_0 9.963 Tf 14.92 1.49 Td [(be)-284.99455 (the)]TJ -227.68 -10.96 Td [(minimum)-249.99505 (R)58.99831 (TT)-250.00508 (threshold.)-250.99876 (If)-252.00247 (the)-250.99876 (R)58.99831 (TT)-249.99505 (is)-250.99876 (greater)-250.99876 (than)-251.0088 (this)-250.99876 (thresh-)]TJ T* [(old,)-534.99964 (i.e.,)]TJ /T1_2 9.963 Tf 40.56 0 Td [(av)-34.99951 (g)-36.00322 (R)-7.9996 (T)-138.99431 (T)]TJ /T1_4 9.963 Tf 43.81 0 Td (\025)Tj /T1_2 9.963 Tf 13.94 0 Td [(R)-6.99589 (T)-139.00435 (T)]TJ /T1_3 6.974 Tf 20.67 -1.49 Td (thr)Tj /T1_0 9.963 Tf 12.08 1.49 Td [(,)-534.99964 (our)-536.00335 (D)39.00433 (ASH)-534.00596 (implementation)]TJ -131.06 -10.96 Td [(selects)-336.99698 (a)-338.00069 (lo)23.9988 (wer)-336.99698 (quality)-338.00069 (video)-338.00069 (e)23.9988 (v)14.99549 (en)-336.99698 (if)-338.00069 (the)-338.00069 (measured)-338.00069 (throughput)]TJ T* [(can)-436.997 (support)-438.00071 (higher)-437.00704 (quality)63.00313 (.)-436.00332 (The)-437.99068 (determination)-438.00071 (of)]TJ /T1_2 9.963 Tf 208.34 0 Td [(R)-7.9996 (T)-139.00435 (T)]TJ /T1_3 6.974 Tf 20.67 -1.49 Td (thr)Tj /T1_0 9.963 Tf 16.45 1.49 Td (is)Tj -245.46 -10.95 Td [(based)-558.99844 (on)-560.00215 (a)-558.99844 (heuristic)-560.00215 (technique,)-560.00215 (historical)-560.00215 (R)59.00835 (TT)-558.00476 (v)23.9988 (alues)-558.99844 (and)]TJ T* [(quality)-349.00139 (le)23.9988 (v)15.00552 (el)-349.00139 (can)-350.00511 (be)-349.99507 (utilized)-350.00511 (to)-349.99507 (determine)-350.00511 (this)-350.99879 (threshold.)]TJ 14.4 -17.22 Td [(Our)-360.0021 (dynamic)-361.99949 (timeout)-360.99578 (algorithm)-361.00581 (is)-361.99949 (a)-360.99578 (cross-layer)-361.00581 (algorithm)]TJ -14.4 -10.96 Td [(in)-363.0032 (the)-365.0006 (sense)-363.99688 (that)-363.99688 (the)-364.00692 (optimization)-363.99688 (of)-363.99688 (timeout)-364.00692 (is)-363.99688 (performed)-363.99688 (by)]TJ T* [(e)14.99549 (xchanging)-467.99169 (information)-469.00544 (between)-468.00173 (the)-468.9954 (APP)-468.00173 (and)-468.9954 (MA)38.99429 (C)-468.00173 (layers.)]TJ T* [(Speci\002cally)-444.00292 (as)-443.99289 (sho)23.9988 (wn)-442.99921 (in)-445.00664 (Fig.)-443.99289 (6,)-444.00292 (at)-445.00664 (the)-443.99289 (application)-444.00292 (layer)-444.9966 (the)]TJ T* [(a)20.00402 (v)14.99549 (erage)-319.99406 (R)58.99831 (TT)-320.0041 (is)-320.99777 (measured)-320.0041 (and)-320.99777 (by)-320.99777 (applying)-320.0041 (Algorithm)-320.99777 (1)-320.99777 (a)-321.00781 (ne)24.00884 (w)]TJ T* [(timeout)-336.0033 (is)-335.99326 (determined.)-337.00701 (Then,)-335.99326 (this)-337.00701 (information)-335.99326 (is)-337.00701 (passed)-335.99326 (to)-337.00701 (the)]TJ T* [(MA)39.998 (C)-500.00013 (layer)39.00433 (,)-500.00013 (where)-501.00384 (the)-500.00013 (ne)23.9988 (w)-500.00013 (timeout)-500.99381 (becomes)-501.00384 (ef)23.9988 (fecti)25.00252 (v)14.99549 (e.)-500.00013 (W)79.00233 (e)]TJ 0 -10.95 TD [(note)-279.00238 (that)-279.99606 (our)-280.00609 (algorithm)-279.99606 (is)-279.99606 (fully)-279.00238 (distrib)19.00031 (uted)-279.00238 (and)-279.99606 (each)-280.00609 (de)23.9988 (vice)-278.99234 (can)]TJ 0 -10.96 TD [(determine)-390.00311 (its)-389.99307 (timeout)-390.00311 (v)23.9988 (alues)-388.9994 (without)-390.00311 (requiring)-390.99679 (other)-390.00311 (netw)9.00331 (ork)]TJ T* (information.)Tj ET 1 0 0 1 72 720 cm 0.797 w 247 -0.61 m 499.1 -0.61 l S 1 0 0 1 -72 -720 cm BT /T1_5 9.963 Tf 326.19 710.13 Td (Algorithm)Tj 1 0 0 1 72 720 Tm 302.20168 -9.87 Td (1:)Tj /T1_0 8.966 Tf 11.78832 0 Td [(Dynamic)-349.99987 (timeout)]TJ ET 1 0 0 1 72 720 cm 247 -14.29 m 499.1 -14.29 l S 1 0 0 1 -72 -720 cm BT /T1_0 9.963 Tf 333.39 692.62 Td (Gi)Tj 1 0 0 1 72 720 Tm 271.11389 -27.38 Td [(v)15.00552 (en)]TJ /T1_2 9.963 Tf 17.71611 0 Td (\016)Tj /T1_6 6.974 Tf 4.43 -1.49 Td (1)Tj /T1_0 9.963 Tf 4.47 1.49 Td (,)Tj /T1_2 9.963 Tf 5.97 0 Td (\016)Tj /T1_6 6.974 Tf 4.43 -1.49 Td (2)Tj /T1_0 9.963 Tf 4.47 1.49 Td (,)Tj /T1_2 9.963 Tf 5.98 0 Td (\017)Tj /T1_0 9.963 Tf 4.04 0 Td (,)Tj /T1_2 9.963 Tf 5.98 0 Td (T)Tj /T1_3 6.974 Tf 7.21 3.62 Td (l)Tj -1.39 -6.08 Td (o)Tj /T1_0 9.963 Tf 4.44 2.46 Td (,)Tj /T1_2 9.963 Tf 5.98 0 Td (T)Tj /T1_3 6.974 Tf 7.21 3.62 Td (u)Tj -1.39 -6.08 Td (o)Tj /T1_0 9.963 Tf 6.6 2.46 Td [(.)-349.00139 (F)14.00181 (or)-349.00139 (e)23.9988 (v)15.00552 (ery)-349.00139 (ne)23.9988 (w)-349.00139 (video)-349.99507 (content,)]TJ -90.89 -10.96 Td (do:)Tj -11.23 -10.96 Td [(Step)-349.00139 (0:)-1445.09723 (Set)-349.99507 (the)-350.00511 (initial)-349.99507 (timeout)-350.00511 (to)-349.99507 (its)-350.00511 (maximum)-349.99507 (v)23.9988 (alue,)]TJ /T1_2 9.963 Tf 128.12 -17.68 Td (to)Tj /T1_7 9.963 Tf 8.42 0 Td (\()Tj /T1_2 9.963 Tf [-0.44163 (t)]TJ /T1_7 9.963 Tf 7.47 0 Td [(\))-277.99867 (=)]TJ /T1_2 9.963 Tf 17.16 0 Td (T)Tj /T1_3 6.974 Tf 7.21 4.11 Td (u)Tj -1.39 -6.57 Td (o)Tj /T1_0 9.963 Tf -166.99 -15.22 Td [(Step)-349.00139 (1:)-1445.09723 (Measure)-349.99507 (R)58.99831 (TT)-349.00139 (o)14.00181 (v)14.99549 (er)-349.00139 (last)]TJ /T1_2 9.963 Tf 141.06 0 Td (K)Tj 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q 0.6002 0 0 0.6002 48.96 325.95 cm /Fm1 Do Q BT /T1_0 7.97 Tf 66.69 314.69 Td (Fig.)Tj 1 0 0 1 72 720 Tm 10.10398 -405.31 Td [(3:)-349.99995 (A)72.99873 (v)15.00627 (erage)-349.00873 (Po)24.00251 (wer)-348.99618 (Consumption)-349.99995 (for)-349.99995 (Dif)24.00251 (ferent)-349.00873 (V)59.00877 (ideo)-349.00873 (Qualities)]TJ /T1_0 9.963 Tf -33.14398 -41.26 Td [(of)-412.00452 (TCP)-411.99449 (traf)23.9988 (\002c)-411.00081 (for)-411.99449 (one)-412.00452 (video)-412.00452 (request.)-411.99449 (The)-412.00452 (R)58.99831 (TT)-410.99077 (is)-413.00824 (bigger)-411.99449 (for)]TJ 0 -10.95 TD [(higher)-276.00128 (video)-277.99867 (quality)-277.00499 (because)-276.99495 (higher)-277.00499 (quality)-276.99495 (brings)-277.00499 (lar)17.00292 (ger)-276.00128 (video)]TJ 0 -10.96 TD [(se)14.99549 (gment)-242.99916 (sizes.)-243.99284 (F)13.99177 (or)-241.99545 (multiple)-244.00287 (users,)-243.99284 (the)-243.0092 (contention)-243.99284 (between)-244.00287 (users)]TJ T* [(generally)-344.0029 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(i.e.,)-452.9962 (720p)-453.99992 (and)-453.00624 (1080i,)-452.9962 (when)-453.99992 (the)]TJ T* [(timeout)-314.00189 (increases,)-314.00189 (man)14.00181 (y)-312.99817 (pack)9.00331 (ets)-313.00821 (arri)24.00884 (v)14.99549 (e)-312.99817 (during)-314.00189 (the)-314.99556 (timeout)-314.00189 (and)]TJ T* [(a)-371.99648 (user)-373.0002 (has)-373.0002 (to)-373.0002 (cancel)-372.00652 (its)-373.0002 (timeout)-373.0002 (and)-373.0002 (issues)-371.99648 (a)-373.0002 (ne)23.9988 (w)-371.99648 (one,)-373.0002 (which)]TJ T* [(leads)-304.99857 (to)-306.00229 (a)-306.00229 (signi\002cant)-306.00229 (delay)-305.99225 (of)-304.99857 (the)-306.00229 (transmission)-306.00229 (for)-306.00229 (other)-306.00229 (users.)]TJ T* [(The)-319.00038 (second)-320.0041 (ef)24.00884 (fect)-319.00038 (dominates)-320.0041 (when)-319.00038 (the)-319.99406 (timeout)-320.0041 (increases)-320.0041 (from)]TJ T* [(zero)-349.00139 (to)-349.99507 (a)-350.00511 (certain)-349.99507 (v)23.9988 (alue,)-349.00139 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(a)19.00031 (v)14.99549 (erage)-335.99326 (RF)-337.00701 (po)24.00884 (wer)-337.00701 (during)-336.99698 (the)-336.99698 (whole)-337.00701 (simulation)]TJ T* [(time,)-412.00452 (considering)-412.9982 (the)-412.9982 (states)-412.9982 (of)-412.9982 (transmission,)-412.9982 (reception,)-413.00824 (listen)]TJ T* [(and)-382.99719 (sleep.)-383.00722 (The)-384.0009 (throughput)-383.99086 (is)-383.00722 (de\002ned)-384.0009 (as)-382.99719 (the)-384.0009 (number)-384.0009 (of)-382.99719 (video)]TJ T* [(bits)-460.9958 (successfully)-462.00955 (recei)24.00884 (v)14.99549 (ed)-460.9958 (on)-461.99952 (the)-461.99952 (APP)-462.00955 (layer)-461.99952 (o)14.00181 (v)15.00552 (er)-460.00213 (the)-461.99952 (whole)]TJ T* [(simulation)-401.99749 (time)-403.00121 (and)-403.00121 (is)-403.00121 (\003at)-403.00121 (if)-403.00121 (the)-402.99117 (required)-403.00121 (throughput)-402.00753 (c)-0.99368 (an)-402.00753 (be)]TJ T* [(ful\002lled.)-409.00342 (F)14.00181 (or)-407.9997 (a)-409.99709 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IFIP Open Digital Library, IEEE Xplore Cross-layer Energy Optimization for Dynamic Video Streaming Over Wi-Fi Zhi Zhang, Mehmet Karaca, Farnaz Moradi, Saeed Bastani, Anders Nilsson Plymoth, Rickard Ljung, Bjorn Landfeldt MiKTeX-xdvipdfmx (20150315) StampPDF Batch 5.3 Linux Kernel 2.6 64bit Mar 26 2014 Library 9.0.1 IFIP 2016-02-16T19:46:16+01:00 Appligent StampPDF Batch 5.3 2016-02-23T16:34:45Z 2016-02-23T16:34:45Z uuid:edcd6b37-a243-11b2-0a00-000000c07e00 uuid:edcd6b3b-a243-11b2-0a00-f03d84b5ff7f endstream endobj 2 0 obj << /Appligent (StampPDF Batch 5.3 Linux Kernel 2.6 64bit Mar 26 2014 Library 9.0.1) /CreationDate (D:20160216194616+01'00') /Creator (Appligent StampPDF Batch 5.3) /ModDate (D:20160223163445Z) /Producer (MiKTeX-xdvipdfmx \(20150315\)) /Author (Zhi Zhang, Mehmet Karaca, Farnaz Moradi, Saeed Bastani, Anders Nilsson Plymoth, Rickard Ljung, Bjorn Landfeldt) /Subject (Emmanuel Bertin: 2016 conference on Innovations in Clouds, Internet and Networks, ICIN 2016, Paris, March 1-3, 2016. 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