利用Oz工具制作openstack镜像
1、首先，安装oz工具：
安装epel源 （epel源里包含oz包）
rpm -ivh http://mirrors.sohu.com/fedora-epel/6/x86_64/epel-release-6-8.noarch.rpm
yum install -y oz libguestfs-tools
2、其次，创建一个TDL文件
我制作的是rhel6.3.tdl 的文件模板 #更多的模板格式在/root/oz-0.12.0/tests/tdl这个目录
<template>
<name>rhel63_x86_64</name>
<description>RedHat 6.3 x86_64 template</description>
<os>
<name>RHEL-6</name>
<version>3</version>
<arch>x86_64</arch>
<rootpw>root</rootpw>
<install type='iso'>
<iso>file:////usr/iso/rhel-server-6.3-x86_64-dvd.iso</iso>
</install>
</os>
<disk>
<size>50</size>
</disk>
<commands>
<command name='console'>
sed -i 's/ rhgb//g' /boot/grub/grub.conf
sed -i 's/ quiet//g' /boot/grub/grub.conf
</command>
<command name='update'>
sed -i '/^HWADDR/d' /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0
sed -i '/^UUID/d' /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0
echo -n > /etc/udev/rules.d/70-persistent-net.rules
echo -n > /lib/udev/rules.d/75-persistent-net-generator.rules #上面四条命令是为了用此镜像建立虚拟机的时候，可以获得mac和IP。
sed -i '/^SELINUX=/s/enforcing/disabled/' /etc/selinux/config
</command>
</commands>
</template>
#其中上面模板中的iso的安装方式可以换成url安装，需要把配置改为下面的命令行
#iso安装的命令行
<install type='iso'>
<iso>file:////usr/iso/rhel-server-6.3-x86_64-dvd.iso</iso>
</install>
#url的安装命令行
<install type='url'>
<url>http://10.240.240.205/redhat-6.3/</url>
</install>
3、制作kickstart文件
我已是rhel6.3.ks 的kickstart文件 #oz自带的ks模板在/root/oz-0.12.0/oz/auto目录中，我是用其中的RHEL6.auto进行修改的
install
text
key --skip
keyboard us
lang en_US.UTF-8
skipx
network --device eth0 --bootproto dhcp
rootpw root
firewall --disabled
authconfig --enableshadow --enablemd5
selinux --disabled
timezone --utc Asia/Shanghai
bootloader --location=mbr --append="console=tty0 console=ttyS0,115200"
zerombr yes
clearpart --all
part /boot --fstype ext4 --size=200
part / --fstype ext4 --size=20000
part swap --fstype swap --size=8192
part /u01 --fstype ext4 --grow --size=200
reboot
%packages
@base
@core
@server-policy
authconfig
ipmitool
OpenIPMI
openssh-clients
net-snmp
%post
rm -rf /etc/yum.repos.d/*
cat >/etc/yum.repos.d/puppet.repo <<-EOF
[puppet]
name=rhel-server-6.3-x86_64
baseurl=http://10.0.0.233/OS/rhel-server-6.3-x86_64/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0
priority=1
[core-0]
name=core-0
baseurl=http://10.0.3.91/cobbler/ks_mirror/rhel-server-6.3-x86_64
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0
priority=1
[core-1]
name=core-1
baseurl=http://10.0.3.91/cobbler/ks_mirror/rhel-server-6.3-x86_64/Server
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0
priority=1
[core-2]
name=core-2
baseurl=http://10.0.3.91/cobbler/ks_mirror/rhel-server-6.3-x86_64/ResilientStorage
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0
priority=1
[core-3]
name=core-3
baseurl=http://10.0.3.91/cobbler/ks_mirror/rhel-server-6.3-x86_64/ScalableFileSystem
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0
priority=1
[core-4]
name=core-4
baseurl=http://10.0.3.91/cobbler/ks_mirror/rhel-server-6.3-x86_64/LoadBalancer
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0
priority=1
[core-5]
name=core-5
baseurl=http://10.0.3.91/cobbler/ks_mirror/rhel-server-6.3-x86_64/HighAvailability
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0
priority=1
EOF
#ssh-keygen -f /root/.ssh/id_rsa -N jiayuan.com
ssh-keygen -f /root/.ssh/id_rsa -N ""
cat << EOF > /root/.ssh/authorized_keys
ssh-dss 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 root@tiaoban_1_60
ssh-rsa AAAAB3NzaC1yc2EAAAABIwAAAIEArqGhU8X1DnVHiXfrBbJfDX4ycJ0vgBfyGE5Hvahy7htm1y/UPjUwzPwUjsu2l6DO9vbuOZi9nVFLF3RQLpXWUXzyqcvgNPFwLE+gK1P6cSDxD2x9a+wkZ9UFBwJa31Hbi0/QMDl7j6YZQf0jPlQt0va767zWelnBgQh9W97Ubj8= root@mail2.love21cn.com
ssh-dss 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 root@manager_network
ssh-dss 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 liutao@manager_network
EOF
#用kickstart制作镜像的优点是：可以按自己的方式分区、安装定制包、包括安装完后执行的脚本。
4、修改/etc/oz/oz.cfg的配置文件（可以不修改，我要把制作制格式改为qcow2,默认是raw，raw格式输出的文件太大，不支持压缩)
[paths]
output_dir = /home/oz-img #修改成自己的输出路径
data_dir = /var/lib/oz
screenshot_dir = /var/lib/oz/screenshots
# sshprivkey = /etc/oz/id_rsa-icicle-gen
[libvirt]
uri = qemu:///system
#p_w_picpath_type = raw
p_w_picpath_type = qcow2
# type = kvm
# bridge_name = virbr0
# cpus = 1
# memory = 1024
[cache]
original_media = yes
modified_media = no
jeos = no
[icicle]
safe_generation = no
5、开始制作镜像
执行此命令 #oz-install -p -u -d3 -a rhel6.3.ks rhel6.3.tdl
6、就制作好的镜像进行压缩
正常制作出来的是1--2个G的容量，可以用下面的命令进行压缩，压缩后只有几百M的容量方便上传
#qemu-img convert -c /home/oz-img/rhel63_x86_64.qcow2 -O qcow2 /home/qcow2/rhel63_x86_64.qcow2
