注：本文很多源码包都源自sourceforge.net，我直接wget的时候不允许下载，URL都已经给出具体怎么下载合适，请读者自己做主！本文所有的软件包来源的URL均来官网
1、安装LNMP所依赖的软件包组件
yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ pcre-devel openssl-devel mysql-devel libxml2-devel patch bzip2 bzip2-devel curl-devel libjpeg libjpeg-devel libpng-devel libpng freetype freetype-devel openldap openldap-devel perl-CPAN bison ncurses-devel
2、下载安装libiconv
wget http://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/libiconv/libiconv-1.14.tar.gz tar xf libiconv-1.14.tar.gz cd libiconv-1.14 ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/ make && make install
3、下载安装libmcrypt(mhash,mcrypt,libmcrypt是我这边线上开发要用的扩展，读者可以自行选择是否安装)
wget http://sourceforge.net/projects/mcrypt/files/Libmcrypt/2.5.8/libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.gz/download cp /root/下载/libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.gz . sourceforge好像不允许直接wget下载 tar xf libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.bz2 cd libmcrypt-2.5.8 ./configure make && make install /sbin/ldconfig cd libltdl/ ./configure --enable-ltdl-install make &&make install
4、下载安装mhash
wget http://sourceforge.net/projects/mhash/files/mhash/0.9.9.9/mhash-0.9.9.9.tar.gz/download cp /root/下载/mhash-0.9.9.9.tar.gz . tar xf mhash-0.9.9.9.tar.bz2 cd mhash-0.9.9.9 ./configure make && make install ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.la /usr/lib/libmcrypt.la ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.so /usr/lib/libmcrypt.so ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.so.4 /usr/lib/libmcrypt.so.4 ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.so.4.4.8 /usr/lib/libmcrypt.so.4.4.8 ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.a /usr/lib/libmhash.a ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.la /usr/lib/libmhash.la ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.so /usr/lib/libmhash.so ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.so.2 /usr/lib/libmhash.so.2 ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.so.2.0.1 /usr/lib/libmhash.so.2.0.1 ln -s /usr/local/bin/libmcrypt-config /usr/bin/libmcrypt-config
5、下载安装mcrypt
wget http://sourceforge.net/projects/mcrypt/files/latest/download cp /root/下载/mcrypt-2.6.8.tar.gz . tar xf mcrypt-2.6.8.tar.gz cd mcrypt-2.6.8 /sbin/ldconfig ./configure make && make install
6、添加Nginx运行所需的用户、组
groupadd -r nginx useradd -r -g nginx nginx
7、下载解压Nginx
wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.4.5.tar.gz tar xf nginx-1.4.5.tar.gz
8、为了避免在http响应的时候会出现Nginx等的信息，我们在编译的时候可以稍作配置自定义一个信息！
cd nginx-1.4.5/src/http/
vim ngx_http_header_filter_module.c
修改以下两行：
static char ngx_http_server_string[] = "Server: nginx" CRLF;
static char ngx_http_server_full_string[] = "Server: " NGINX_VER CRLF;
修改为：
static char ngx_http_server_string[] = "Server: XZWeb 1.0" CRLF; #XZWeb为想要显示的名称
static char ngx_http_server_full_string[] = "Server: XZWeb 1.0" NGINX_VER CRLF; #XZWeb为想要显示的名称9、编译安装Nginx
./configure \ --prefix=/usr \ --sbin-path=/usr/sbin/nginx \ --conf-path=/etc/nginx/nginx.conf \ --error-log-path=/var/log/nginx/error.log \ --http-log-path=/var/log/nginx/access.log \ --pid-path=/var/run/nginx/nginx.pid \ --lock-path=/var/lock/nginx.lock \ --user=nginx \ --group=nginx \ --with-http_ssl_module \ --with-http_flv_module \ --with-http_stub_status_module \ --with-http_gzip_static_module \ --http-client-body-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/client/ \ --http-proxy-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/proxy/ \ --http-fastcgi-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/fcgi/ \ --http-uwsgi-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/uwsgi \ --http-scgi-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/scgi \ --with-pcre make && make install
10、编写Nginx启动脚本
vim /etc/rc.d/init.d/nginx
#!/bin/sh
#
# nginx - this script starts and stops the nginx daemon
#
# chkconfig: - 85 15
# description: Nginx is an HTTP(S) server, HTTP(S) reverse \
# proxy and IMAP/POP3 proxy server
# processname: nginx
# config: /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
# config: /etc/sysconfig/nginx
# pidfile: /var/run/nginx.pid
# Source function library.
. /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions
# Source networking configuration.
. /etc/sysconfig/network
# Check that networking is up.
[ "$NETWORKING" = "no" ] && exit 0
nginx="/usr/sbin/nginx"
prog=$(basename $nginx)
NGINX_CONF_FILE="/etc/nginx/nginx.conf"
[ -f /etc/sysconfig/nginx ] && . /etc/sysconfig/nginx
lockfile=/var/lock/subsys/nginx
make_dirs() {
# make required directories
user=`nginx -V 2>&1 | grep "configure arguments:" | sed 's/[^*]*--user=\([^ ]*\).*/\1/g' -`
options=`$nginx -V 2>&1 | grep 'configure arguments:'`
for opt in $options; do
if [ `echo $opt | grep '.*-temp-path'` ]; then
value=`echo $opt | cut -d "=" -f 2`
if [ ! -d "$value" ]; then
# echo "creating" $value
mkdir -p $value && chown -R $user $value
fi
fi
done
}
start() {
[ -x $nginx ] || exit 5
[ -f $NGINX_CONF_FILE ] || exit 6
make_dirs
echo -n $"Starting $prog: "
daemon $nginx -c $NGINX_CONF_FILE
retval=$?
echo
[ $retval -eq 0 ] && touch $lockfile
return $retval
}
stop() {
echo -n $"Stopping $prog: "
killproc $prog -QUIT
retval=$?
echo
[ $retval -eq 0 ] && rm -f $lockfile
return $retval
}
restart() {
configtest || return $?
stop
sleep 1
start
}
reload() {
configtest || return $?
echo -n $"Reloading $prog: "
killproc $nginx -HUP
RETVAL=$?
echo
}
force_reload() {
restart
}
configtest() {
$nginx -t -c $NGINX_CONF_FILE
}
rh_status() {
status $prog
}
rh_status_q() {
rh_status >/dev/null 2>&1
}
case "$1" in
start)
rh_status_q && exit 0
$1
;;
stop)
rh_status_q || exit 0
$1
;;
restart|configtest)
$1
;;
reload)
rh_status_q || exit 7
$1
;;
force-reload)
force_reload
;;
status)
rh_status
;;
condrestart|try-restart)
rh_status_q || exit 0
;;
*)
echo $"Usage: $0 {start|stop|status|restart|condrestart|try-restart|reload|force-reload|configtest}"
exit 2
esac11、添加Nginx为系统服务并设置开机自启动
chmod +x /etc/rc.d/init.d/nginx chkconfig --add nginx chkconfig nginx on
12、修改Nginx配置文件，屏蔽http响应信息中的Nginx版本等信息
在http{}端添加server_tokens off；
13、链接复制linux一些64位的库文件防止在安装PHP的时候报错
cp -frp /usr/lib64/libjpeg.* /usr/lib cp -frp /usr/lib64/libpng* /usr/lib cp -frp /usr/lib64/libldap* /usr/lib ln -s /usr/lib64/mysql/libmysqlclient.so.16.0.0 /usr/lib/libmysqlclient.so ln -s /usr/lib/libmysqlclient.so /usr/lib64/libmysqlclient.so
14、下载安装PHP
wget http://cn2.php.net/get/php-5.5.9.tar.gz/from/this/mirror tar xf php-5.5.9 cd php-5.5.9 ./configure --prefix=/data/install/php --with-mysql --with-mysqli --with-iconv-dir=/usr/local --with-freetype-dir --with-jpeg-dir --with-png-dir --with-zlib --with-libxml-dir=/usr --enable-xml --disable-rpath --enable-bcmath --enable-shmop --enable-sysvsem --enable-inline-optimization --enable-mbregex --enable-fpm --enable-mbstring --with-mcrypt --with-gd --enable-gd-native-ttf --with-openssl --with-mhash --enable-pcntl --enable-sockets --with-ldap --with-ldap-sasl --with-xmlrpc --enable-zip --enable-soap --with-config-file-path=/etc --with-config-file-scan-dir=/etc/php.d --with-bz2 make ZEND_EXTRA_LIBS='-liconv' make test make intall
15、为PHP提供配置文件
cp php.ini-production /etc/php.ini
16、为php-fpm提供Sysv init脚本，并将其添加至服务列表
cp sapi/fpm/init.d.php-fpm /etc/rc.d/init.d/php-fpm chmod +x /etc/rc.d/init.d/php-fpm chkconfig --add php-fpm chkconfig php-fpm on
17、为php-fpm提供配置文件
cp /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf.default /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf
18、编辑php-fpm的配置文件(此处只贴一些我修改过的，具体还有哪些需要修改会在另一篇中补充)
vim /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf 配置fpm的相关选项为你所需要的值，并启用pid文件（如下最后一行）： pm.max_children = 150 pm.start_servers = 8 pm.min_spare_servers = 5 pm.max_spare_servers = 10 pid = /data/install/php/var/run/php-fpm.pid
19、接下来就可以启动php-fpm了
service php-fpm start
20、使用如下命令来验正（如果此命令输出有中几个php-fpm进程就说明启动成功了）
ps -ef |grep php-fpm
21、下载安装memcache扩展(PHP连接memcached服务器的扩展)
cd /data/software/src/ wget http://pecl.php.net/get/memcache-2.2.7.tgz tar xf memcache-2.2.6.tgz cd memcache-2.2.6 /data/install/php/bin/phpize ./configure --with-php-config=/data/install/php/bin/php-config make && make install
22、下载安装xcache扩展
wget http://xcache.lighttpd.net/pub/Releases/3.1.0/xcache-3.1.0.tar.gz tar xf xcache-3.1.0.tar.gz cd xcache-3.1.0 /data/install/php/bin/phpize ./configure --enable-xcache --with-php-config=/data/install/php/bin/php-config make && make install
23、配置PHP文件，添加扩展
vim /etc/php.ini extension_dir = "/data/install/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20121212/" [memcache] extension = "memcache.so" [xcache] extension = "xcache.so" Xcache.size = 128M Xcache.count = 2 Xcache.ttl = 86400 Xcache.gc_interval = 3600 Xcache.var_size = 0
24、查看扩展是否加载成功
/data/install/php/bin/php -v #查看下xcache信息，此处先看下xcache跟zend的，其他的可以在phpinfo中查看； #有关xcache的详细官方配置介绍 http://xcache.lighttpd.net/wiki/XcacheIni
25、修改下php-fpm的配置文件，适应线上环境(此处只给出我修改的一些项目，具体还能改哪些会在后面的博文中补充)
pid = /data/install/php/var/run/php-fpm.pid error_log = /data/logs/php-fpm-error.log log_level = notice emergency_restart_threshold = 10 emergency_restart_interval = 1m process_control_timeout = 5s daemonize = yes user = nobody group = nobody listen = 127.0.0.1:9000 pm.max_children = 192 pm.start_servers = 20 pm.min_spare_servers = 5 pm.max_spare_servers = 35
26、配置fastcgi
vim /etc/nginx/fastcgi_params
fastcgi_param GATEWAY_INTERFACE CGI/1.1;
fastcgi_param SERVER_SOFTWARE nginx;
fastcgi_param QUERY_STRING $query_string;
fastcgi_param REQUEST_METHOD $request_method;
fastcgi_param CONTENT_TYPE $content_type;
fastcgi_param CONTENT_LENGTH $content_length;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_NAME $fastcgi_script_name;
fastcgi_param REQUEST_URI $request_uri;
fastcgi_param DOCUMENT_URI $document_uri;
fastcgi_param DOCUMENT_ROOT $document_root;
fastcgi_param SERVER_PROTOCOL $server_protocol;
fastcgi_param REMOTE_ADDR $remote_addr;
fastcgi_param REMOTE_PORT $remote_port;
fastcgi_param SERVER_ADDR $server_addr;
fastcgi_param SERVER_PORT $server_port;
fastcgi_param SERVER_NAME $server_name;27、重启php-fpm
service php-fpm restart
28、修改Nginx配置文件，使其适合线上环境
vim /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
user nobody;
worker_processes 4;
error_log /data/logs/error.log crit;
worker_cpu_affinity 0001 0010 0100 1000;
worker_rlimit_nofile 20480; #可以直接设置为65535
pid /data/logs/nginx.pid;
events {
use epoll;
worker_connections 20480; #可以直接设置成65535，注意尽量跟上面的设置统一
}
http {
include mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
'$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
'"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';
charset utf-8;
server_tokens off;
sendfile on;
tcp_nopush on;
tcp_nodelay on;
server_names_hash_bucket_size 128;
client_header_buffer_size 4k;
large_client_header_buffers 4 4k;
client_max_body_size 8m;
keepalive_timeout 65;
fastcgi_connect_timeout 300;
fastcgi_send_timeout 300;
fastcgi_read_timeout 600;
fastcgi_buffer_size 16k;
fastcgi_buffers 16 16k;
fastcgi_busy_buffers_size 32k;
#open_file_cache max=204800 inactive=20s;
#open_file_cache_min_uses 1;
#open_file_cache_valid 30s;
gzip on;
gzip_min_length 1k;
gzip_buffers 4 16k;
gzip_comp_level 3;
gzip_types text/plain application/x-javascript text/css application/xml;
gzip_vary on;
server {
listen 80;
server_name 192.168.239.130;
#charset koi8-r;
access_log /data/logs/www.access.log main;
location / {
root /data/web;
# index index.html index.htm;
index index.php;
}
location ~ \.(js|css|jpg|png|gif)$ {
root /data/web;
expires 30d;
}
location ~ \.php$ {
root /data/web;
fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
fastcgi_index index.php;
#fastcgi_pass_header on;
if ( $fastcgi_script_name ~ \..*\/.*php ) {
return 403;
}
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
include fastcgi_params;
}
# deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root
# concurs with nginx's one
#
location ~ /\.ht {
deny all;
}
}
}29、重启Nginx(也可以重新reload一下配置文件)
service nginx restart
30、关于这篇博文的一些问题
1、有人可能会问为什么没有安装mysql的步骤呢，这里安装的只是Nginx跟PHP，一般线上很少会 PHP、Nginx、mysql同在一台服务器吧(即使就有一台服务器最好是用虚拟机的方式将不同服务安 装到不同虚拟机做业务分离)，要想解决PHP安装依赖mysql某些文件的话直接yum安装mysql- devel就可以了，节省时间节省空间多好！！！
2、博文中提到的后续文章什么时候能更新？这个不好说 ，我也是菜鸟在摸索中，等我摸索好了自 然会发出来的，哈哈@_@;
3、博文中提到的屏蔽Nginx信息，PHP信息是指什么？两张图便知晓
修改前：
修改后
看图你们就知道我的良苦用心了吧！！！！！
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