本文要点在于扩展库pyopengl的使用，接口与标准的OpenGL基本一致。
import sys
from OpenGL.GL import *
from OpenGL.GLUT import *
from OpenGL.GLU import *
from PIL import Image
class MyPyOpenGLTest:
#初始化OpenGL环境
def __init__(self, width = 640, height = 480, title = b'MyPyOpenGLTest'):
glutInit(sys.argv)
glutInitDisplayMode(GLUT_RGBA | GLUT_DOUBLE | GLUT_DEPTH)
glutInitWindowSize(width, height)
self.window = glutCreateWindow(title)
glutDisplayFunc(self.Draw)
glutIdleFunc(self.Draw)
self.InitGL(width, height)
#绕各坐标轴旋转的角度
self.x = 0.0
self.y = 0.0
self.z = 0.0
#绘制图形
def Draw(self):
glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT)
glLoadIdentity()
#沿z轴平移
glTranslate(0.0, 0.0, -5.0)
#分别绕x,y,z轴旋转
glRotatef(self.x, 1.0, 0.0, 0.0)
glRotatef(self.y, 0.0, 1.0, 0.0)
glRotatef(self.z, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0)
#开始绘制立方体的每个面，同时设置纹理映射
#绘制四边形
glBegin(GL_QUADS)
#绘制顶点，并设置纹理坐标
glTexCoord2f(0.0, 0.0)
glVertex3f(-1.0, -1.0, 1.0)
glTexCoord2f(1.0, 0.0)
glVertex3f(1.0, -1.0, 1.0)
glTexCoord2f(1.0, 1.0)
glVertex3f(1.0, 1.0, 1.0)
glTexCoord2f(0.0, 1.0)
glVertex3f(-1.0, 1.0, 1.0)
#绘制立方体的第二个面
glTexCoord2f(1.0, 0.0)
glVertex3f(-1.0, -1.0, -1.0)
glTexCoord2f(1.0, 1.0)
glVertex3f(-1.0, 1.0, -1.0)
glTexCoord2f(0.0, 1.0)
glVertex3f(1.0, 1.0, -1.0)
glTexCoord2f(0.0, 0.0)
glVertex3f(1.0, -1.0, -1.0)
#绘制立方体的第三个面
glTexCoord2f(0.0, 1.0)
glVertex3f(-1.0, 1.0, -1.0)
glTexCoord2f(0.0, 0.0)
glVertex3f(-1.0, 1.0, 1.0)
glTexCoord2f(1.0, 0.0)
glVertex3f(1.0, 1.0, 1.0)
glTexCoord2f(1.0, 1.0)
glVertex3f(1.0, 1.0, -1.0)
#绘制立方体的第四个面
glTexCoord2f(1.0, 1.0)
glVertex3f(-1.0, -1.0, -1.0)
glTexCoord2f(0.0, 1.0)
glVertex3f(1.0, -1.0, -1.0)
glTexCoord2f(0.0, 0.0)
glVertex3f(1.0, -1.0, 1.0)
glTexCoord2f(1.0, 0.0)
glVertex3f(-1.0, -1.0, 1.0)
#绘制立方体的第五个面
glTexCoord2f(1.0, 0.0)
glVertex3f(1.0, -1.0, -1.0)
glTexCoord2f(1.0, 1.0)
glVertex3f(1.0, 1.0, -1.0)
glTexCoord2f(0.0, 1.0)
glVertex3f(1.0, 1.0, 1.0)
glTexCoord2f(0.0, 0.0)
glVertex3f(1.0, -1.0, 1.0)
#绘制立方体的第六个面
glTexCoord2f(0.0, 0.0)
glVertex3f(-1.0, -1.0, -1.0)
glTexCoord2f(1.0, 0.0)
glVertex3f(-1.0, -1.0, 1.0)
glTexCoord2f(1.0, 1.0)
glVertex3f(-1.0, 1.0, 1.0)
glTexCoord2f(0.0, 1.0)
glVertex3f(-1.0, 1.0, -1.0)
#结束绘制
glEnd()
#刷新屏幕，产生动画效果
glutSwapBuffers()
#修改各坐标轴的旋转角度
self.x += 0.2
self.y += 0.3
self.z += 0.1
#加载纹理
def LoadTexture(self):
#sample.bmp是纹理图像文件
img = Image.open('sample.bmp')
width, height = img.size
img = img.tobytes('raw', 'RGBX', 0, -1)
glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, glGenTextures(1))
glPixelStorei(GL_UNPACK_ALIGNMENT,1)
glTexImage2D(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0, 4, width, height, 0, GL_RGBA, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE,img)
glTexParameterf(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_S, GL_CLAMP)
glTexParameterf(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_T, GL_CLAMP)
glTexParameterf(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_S, GL_REPEAT)
glTexParameterf(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_T, GL_REPEAT)
glTexParameterf(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER, GL_NEAREST)
glTexParameterf(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, GL_NEAREST)
glTexEnvf(GL_TEXTURE_ENV, GL_TEXTURE_ENV_MODE, GL_DECAL)
def InitGL(self, width, height):
self.LoadTexture()
glEnable(GL_TEXTURE_2D)
glClearColor(1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 0.0)
glClearDepth(1.0)
glDepthFunc(GL_LESS)
glShadeModel(GL_SMOOTH)
#背面剔除，消隐
glEnable(GL_CULL_FACE)
glCullFace(GL_BACK)
glEnable(GL_POINT_SMOOTH)
glEnable(GL_LINE_SMOOTH)
glEnable(GL_POLYGON_SMOOTH)
glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION)
glHint(GL_POINT_SMOOTH_HINT,GL_NICEST)
glHint(GL_LINE_SMOOTH_HINT,GL_NICEST)
glHint(GL_POLYGON_SMOOTH_HINT,GL_FASTEST)
glLoadIdentity()
gluPerspective(45.0, float(width)/float(height), 0.1, 100.0)
glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW)
def MainLoop(self):
glutMainLoop()
if __name__ == '__main__':
w = MyPyOpenGLTest()
w.MainLoop()某时刻的运行效果如图：
