note
上节内容回顾：
1、请求周期
url> 路由 > 函数或类 > 返回字符串或者模板语言？
Form表单提交：
提交 -> url > 函数或类中的方法
- ....
HttpResponse('....')
render(request,'index.html')
redirect('/index/')
用户 < < 返回字符串
(当接受到redirect时)自动发起另外一个请求
--> url .....
Ajax:
$.ajax({
url: '/index/',
data: {'k': 'v', 'list': [1,2,3,4], 'k3': JSON.stringfy({'k1': 'v'}))}, $(form对象).serilize()
type: 'POST',
dataType: 'JSON':
traditional: true, #多选（如下拉框）要加traditional
success：function(data){ #回调函数
location.reload() # 刷新
location.href = "某个地址" # 跳转
}
})
提交 -> url -> 函数或类中的方法
HttpResponse('{}') #可定制性更高
render(request, 'index.html', {'name': 'v1'})
<h1>{{ name }}</h1> --> #用户拿到不能做特殊的处理
<h1>v1</h1>
XXXXXXX redirect...不可以 ，只能reload，href
用户 <<<<< 字符串
2、路由系统URL
a. /index/ -> 函数或类
b. /index/(\d+) -> 函数或类
c. /index/(?P<nid>\d+) -> 函数或类
d. /index/(?P<nid>\d+) name='root' -> 函数或类
reverse()
{% url 'root' 1%}
e. /crm/ include('app01.urls') -> 路由分发
f. 默认值
url(r'^index/', views.index, {'name': 'root'}),
def index(request,name):
print(name)
return HttpResponse('OK')
g. 命名空间 #用于函数生成url
/admin/ include('app01.urls',namespace='m1')
/crm/ include('app01.urls',namespace='m2')
app01.urls
/index/ name = 'n1'
reverser('m1:n1')
3、
def func(request):
request.POST
request.GET
request.FILES
request.getlist
request.method
request.path_info
return render,HttpResponse,redirect
4、
render(request, 'index.html')
# for
# if
# 索引. keys values items all
5、
class User(models.Model):
username = models.CharField(max_length=32)
email = models.EmailField()
有验证功能
Django Admin
无验证功能：
User.objects.create(username='root',email='asdfasdfasdfasdf')
User.objects.filter(id=1).update(email='666')
class UserType(models.Model):
name = models.CharField(max_length=32)
class User(models.Model):
username = models.CharField(max_length=32)
email = models.EmailField()
user_type = models.ForeignKey("UserType")
user_list = User.objects.all()
for obj user_list: #对象列表
obj.username,obj.email,obj.user_type_id,obj.user_type.name,obj.user_type.id
user = User.objects.get(id=1) #单个对象
user.
User.objects.all().values("username","user_type__name",) #注意__
class UserType(models.Model):
name = models.CharField(max_length=32)
class User(models.Model):
username = models.CharField(max_length=32)
email = models.EmailField()
user_type = models.ForeignKey("UserType")
m = models.ManyToMany('UserGroup')
class UserGroup(models.Model):
name = ....
obj = User.objects.get(id=1)
obj.m.add(2)
obj.m.add(2,3)
obj.m.add(*[1,2,3])
obj.m.remove(...)
obj.m.clear()
obj.m.set([1,2,3,4,5])
obj.m.all() # 多个组，UserGroup对象
obj.m.filter(name='CTO')
知识点：
URL
- 两个
Views
- 请求的其他信息
from django.core.handlers.wsgi import WSGIRequest
request.environ
request.environ['HTTP_USER_AGENT']
- 装饰器
FBV:
def auth(func):
def inner(reqeust,*args,**kwargs):
v = reqeust.COOKIES.get('username111')
if not v:
return redirect('/login/')
return func(reqeust, *args,**kwargs)
return inner
CBV:
from django import views
from django.utils.decorators import method_decorator
@method_decorator(auth,name='dispatch')
class Order(views.View):
# @method_decorator(auth)
# def dispatch(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
# return super(Order,self).dispatch(request, *args, **kwargs)
# @method_decorator(auth)
def get(self,reqeust):
v = reqeust.COOKIES.get('username111')
return render(reqeust,'index.html',{'current_user': v})
def post(self,reqeust):
v = reqeust.COOKIES.get('username111')
return render(reqeust,'index.html',{'current_user': v})
Templates
- 母版...html ---可以模板渲染（会自动搞到一起再渲染）
extends 只能继承一个母版
include 可以有多个
- 自定义函数
simple_tag
a. app下创建templatetags目录 #templatetags目录名不能改
b. 任意xxoo.py文件
c. 创建template对象 register(对象名)不能改
d.
@register.simple_tag
def func(a1,a2,a3....)
return "asdfasd"
e. settings中注册APP
f. html顶部 {% load xxoo %}
g. {% 函数名 arg1 arg2 %} #空格没关系
缺点：
不能作为if条件
优点：
参数任意
filter
a. app下创建templatetags目录
b. 任意xxoo.py文件
c. 创建template对象 register
d.
@register.filter
def func(a1,a2)
return "asdfasd"
e. settings中注册APP
f. 顶部 {% load xxoo %}
g. {{ 参数1|函数名:"参数二，参数三" }} {{ 参数1|函数名:数字 }}
缺点：
最多两个参数，不能加空格
优点：
能作为if条件
分页（自定义的分页）
XSS：
{{ page_str|safe }}
mark_safe(page_str)
cookie
客户端浏览器上的一个文件
{"user": 'dachengzi'}
参数：
key, 键
value='', 值
max_age=None, 超时时间
expires=None, 超时时间(IE requires expires, so set it if hasn't been already.)
path='/', Cookie生效的路径，/ 表示根路径，特殊的：跟路径的cookie可以被任何url的页面访问
domain=None, Cookie生效的域名
secure=False, https传输
httponly=False 只能http协议传输，无法被JavaScript获取（不是绝对，底层抓包可以获取到也可以被覆盖）
session ：装饰器
Models
- 一大波操作
Form验证
-
缓存
中间件
信号
CSRF
Admin/ModelForm
作业：
主机管理：
1、单表操作
2、一对多
3、多对多
要求：
a. 删除对话框
b. 修改，添加新URL
c. 基于cookie进行用户认证
d. 定制显示个数
e. 分页
View Code
views
1 from django.shortcuts import render, HttpResponse,redirect
2 from django.urls import reverse
3 # Create your views here.
4 # def index(request):
5 # # v = reverse('author:index')
6 # # print(v)
7 # from django.core.handlers.wsgi import WSGIRequest
8 # # print(type(request))
9 # #封装了所有用户请求信息
10 # # print(request.environ)
11 # # for k,v in request.environ.items():
12 # # print(k,v)
13 # # print(request.environ['HTTP_USER_AGENT'])
14 # # request.POST
15 # # request.GET
16 # # request.COOKIES
17 #
18 # return HttpResponse('OK')
19 def tpl1(request):
20 user_list = [1, 2, 3, 43]
21 return render(request, 'tpl1.html', {'u': user_list})
22 def tpl2(request):
23 name = 'root'
24 return render(request, 'tpl2.html', {'name': name})
25 def tpl3(request):
26 status = "已经删除"
27 return render(request, 'tpl3.html', {'status': status})
28 def tpl4(request):
29 name = "IYMDFjfdf886sdf"
30 return render(request, 'tpl4.html', {'name': name})
31 from utils import pagination
32 LIST = []
33 for i in range(500):
34 LIST.append(i)
35 def user_list(request):
36 current_page = request.GET.get('p', 1) #1表示默认显示第一页
37 current_page = int(current_page)
38 val = request.COOKIES.get('per_page_count',10)
39 print(val)
40 val = int(val)
41 page_obj = pagination.Page(current_page,len(LIST),val)
42 data = LIST[page_obj.start:page_obj.end]
43 page_str = page_obj.page_str("/user_list/")
44 return render(request, 'user_list.html', {'li': data,'page_str': page_str})
45 ########################### cookie ###########################
46 user_info = {
47 'dachengzi': {'pwd': "123123"},
48 'kanbazi': {'pwd': "kkkkkkk"},
49 }
50 def login(request):
51 if request.method == "GET":
52 return render(request,'login.html')
53 if request.method == "POST":
54 u = request.POST.get('username')
55 p = request.POST.get('pwd')
56 dic = user_info.get(u)
57 if not dic:
58 return render(request,'login.html')
59 if dic['pwd'] == p:
60 res = redirect('/index/')
61 # res.set_cookie('username111',u,max_age=10)
62 # import datetime
63 # current_date = datetime.datetime.utcnow()
64 # current_date = current_date + datetime.timedelta(seconds=5)
65 # res.set_cookie('username111',u,expires=current_date)
66 res.set_cookie('username111',u)
67 res.set_cookie('user_type',"asdfjalskdjf",httponly=True) #httponly用js获取不到
68 return res
69 else:
70 return render(request,'login.html')
71 def auth(func):
72 def inner(reqeust,*args,**kwargs):
73 v = reqeust.COOKIES.get('username111')
74 if not v:
75 return redirect('/login/')
76 return func(reqeust, *args,**kwargs)
77 return inner
78 @auth
79 def index(reqeust):
80 # 获取当前已经登录的用户
81 v = reqeust.COOKIES.get('username111')
82 return render(reqeust,'index.html',{'current_user': v})
83 from django import views
84 from django.utils.decorators import method_decorator
85 @method_decorator(auth,name='dispatch')
86 class Order(views.View):
87 # @method_decorator(auth)
88 # def dispatch(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
89 # return super(Order,self).dispatch(request, *args, **kwargs)
90 # @method_decorator(auth)
91 def get(self,reqeust):
92 v = reqeust.COOKIES.get('username111')
93 return render(reqeust,'index.html',{'current_user': v})
94 def post(self,reqeust):
95 v = reqeust.COOKIES.get('username111')
96 return render(reqeust,'index.html',{'current_user': v})
97 def order(reqeust):
98 # 获取当前已经登录的用户
99 v = reqeust.COOKIES.get('username111')
100 return render(reqeust,'index.html',{'current_user': v})
101 def cookie(request):
102 # request.COOKIES
103 # request.COOKIES['username111']
104 request.COOKIES.get('username111') #获取cookie
105 response = render(request,'index.html')
106 response = redirect('/index/')
107 response.set_cookie('key',"value")# 设置cookie，关闭浏览器失效
108 response.set_cookie('username111',"value",max_age=10)# 设置cookie, N秒只有失效
109 import datetime
110 current_date = datetime.datetime.utcnow()
111 current_date = current_date + datetime.timedelta(seconds=5)
112 response.set_cookie('username111',"value",expires=current_date) # 设置cookie, 截止时间失效
113 response.set_cookie('username111',"value",max_age=10)
114 # request.COOKIES.get('...')
115 # response.set_cookie(...)
116 obj = HttpResponse('s')
117 obj.set_signed_cookie('username',"kangbazi",salt="asdfasdf") #加密文
118 request.get_signed_cookie('username',salt="asdfasdf") #解密
119 return responseView Code
urls
1 from django.conf.urls import url,include
2 from django.contrib import admin
3 from app01 import views
4 urlpatterns = [
5 # url(r'^admin/', admin.site.urls),
6 # url(r'^index/', views.index),
7 # url(r'^index/', views.index, {'name': 'root'}),
8 # url(r'^a/', include('app01.urls', namespace='author')),
9 url(r'^tpl1/', views.tpl1),
10 url(r'^tpl2/', views.tpl2),
11 url(r'^tpl3/', views.tpl3),
12 url(r'^tpl4/', views.tpl4),
13 url(r'^user_list/', views.user_list),
14 url(r'^login/', views.login),
15 url(r'^index/', views.index),
16 url(r'^order/', views.Order.as_view()),
17 ]View Code
index
1 <!DOCTYPE html>
2 <html lang="en">
3 <head>
4 <meta charset="UTF-8">
5 <title></title>
6 </head>
7 <body>
8 <h1>欢迎登录：{{ current_user }}</h1>
9 </body>
10 </html>View Code
li
1 <li>{{ item }}</li>View Code
login
1 <!DOCTYPE html>
2 <html lang="en">
3 <head>
4 <meta charset="UTF-8">
5 <title></title>
6 </head>
7 <body>
8 <form action="/login/" method="POST">
9 <input type="text" name="username" placeholder="用户名" />
10 <input type="password" name="pwd" placeholder="密码" />
11 <input type="submit" />
12 </form>
13 </body>
14 </html>View Code
master
1 <!DOCTYPE html>
2 <html lang="en">
3 <head>
4 <meta charset="UTF-8">
5 <title>{% block title %} {% endblock %}</title>
6 <link rel="stylesheet" href="/static/commons.css" />
7 <style>
8 .pg-header{
9 height: 50px;
10 background-color: seashell;
11 color: green;
12 }
13 </style>
14 {% block css %} {% endblock %}
15 </head>
16 <body>
17 <div class="pg-header">小男孩管理</div>
18 <div>
19 <a>asdf</a>
20 <a id="">asdf</a>
21 <a>asdf</a>
22 <a>asdf</a>
23 <a>asdf</a>
24 </div>
25 <iframe src="/"></iframe>
26 </body>
27 </html>View Code
tp1.bak
1 <!DOCTYPE html>
2 <html lang="en">
3 <head>
4 <meta charset="UTF-8">
5 <title></title>
6 <link rel="stylesheet" href="/static/commons.css" />
7 <style>
8 .pg-header{
9 height: 48px;
10 background-color: seashell;
11 color: green;
12 }
13 </style>
14 </head>
15 <body>
16 <div class="pg-header">小男孩管理</div>
17 <h1>用户管理</h1>
18 <ul>
19 {% for i in u %}
20 <li>{{ i }}</li>
21 {% endfor %}
22 </ul>
23 <script src="/static/jquery.js"></script>
24 </body>
25 </html>View Code
tp1
1 {% extends 'master.html' %}
2 {% block title %}用户管理{% endblock %}
3 {% block content %}
4 <h1>用户管理</h1>
5 <ul>
6 {% for i in u %}
7 <li>{{ i }}</li>
8 {% endfor %}
9 </ul>
10 {% for i in u %}
11 {% include 'tag.html' %}
12 {% endfor %}
13 {% endblock %}
14 {% block css %}
15 <style>
16 body{
17 background-color: red;
18 }
19 </style>
20 {% endblock %}
21 {% block js %}
22 <script></script>
23 {% endblock %}View Code
tp2
1 <!DOCTYPE html>
2 <html lang="en">
3 <head>
4 <meta charset="UTF-8">
5 <title></title>
6 <link rel="stylesheet" href="/static/commons.css" />
7 <style>
8 .pg-header{
9 height: 48px;
10 background-color: seashell;
11 color: green;
12 }
13 </style>
14 </head>
15 <body>
16 <div class="pg-header">小男孩管理</div>
17 <h1>修改密码{{ name }}</h1>
18 <script src="/static/jquery.js"></script>
19 </body>
20 </html>View Code
tp3
1 <!DOCTYPE html>
2 <html lang="en">
3 <head>
4 <meta charset="UTF-8">
5 <title></title>
6 <link rel="stylesheet" href="/static/commons.css" />
7 <style>
8 .pg-header{
9 height: 48px;
10 background-color: seashell;
11 color: green;
12 }
13 </style>
14 </head>
15 <body>
16 <div class="pg-header">小女孩管理</div>
17 <h3> {{ status }}</h3>
18 <script src="/static/jquery.js"></script>
19 </body>
20 </html>View Code
tp4
1 {% load xxoo %}
2 <!DOCTYPE html>
3 <html lang="en">
4 <head>
5 <meta charset="UTF-8">
6 <title></title>
7 </head>
8 <body>
9 {{ name }}
10 {{ name|lower }}
11 {{ name|truncatechars:"3" }}
12 {% houyafan 2 5 6 %}
13 {{ "maliya"|jiajingze:30 }}
14 </body>
15 </html>View Code
user_list
1 <!DOCTYPE html>
2 <html lang="en">
3 <head>
4 <meta charset="UTF-8">
5 <title></title>
6 <style>
7 .pagination .page{
8 display: inline-block;
9 padding: 5px;
10 background-color: cyan;
11 margin: 5px;
12 }
13 .pagination .page.active{
14 background-color: brown;
15 color: white;
16 }
17 </style>
18 </head>
19 <body>
20 <ul id="len">
21 {% for item in li %}
22 {% include 'li.html' %}
23 {% endfor %}
24 </ul>
25 <div>
26 <select id="ps" onchange="changePageSize(this)">
27 <option value="10">10</option>
28 <option value="30">30</option>
29 <option value="50">50</option>
30 <option value="100">100</option>
31 </select>
32 </div>
33 <div class="pagination">
34 {{ page_str }}
35 </div>
36 <script src="/static/jquery-1.12.4.js"></script>
37 <script src="/static/jquery.cookie.js"></script>
38 <script>
39 $(function(){
40 var v = $.cookie('per_page_count',$("#len li").length,{'path': "/user_list/`"});
41 console.log(v);
42 $('#ps').val($("#len li").length);
43 });
44 function changePageSize(ths){
45 var v = $(ths).val();
46 console.log(v);
47 $.cookie('per_page_count',v, {'path': "/user_list/"});
48 location.reload();
49 }
50 </script>
51 </body>
52 </html>View Code
pagination
1 from django.utils.safestring import mark_safe
2 class Page:
3 def __init__(self, current_page, data_count, per_page_count=10, pager_num=7):
4 self.current_page = current_page
5 self.data_count = data_count
6 self.per_page_count = per_page_count
7 self.pager_num = pager_num
8 @property
9 def start(self):
10 return (self.current_page - 1) * self.per_page_count
11 @property
12 def end(self):
13 return self.current_page * self.per_page_count
14 @property
15 def total_count(self):
16 v, y = divmod(self.data_count, self.per_page_count)
17 if y:
18 v += 1
19 return v
20 def page_str(self, base_url):
21 page_list = []
22 if self.total_count < self.pager_num:
23 start_index = 1
24 end_index = self.total_count + 1
25 else:
26 if self.current_page <= (self.pager_num + 1) / 2:
27 start_index = 1
28 end_index = self.pager_num + 1
29 else:
30 start_index = self.current_page - (self.pager_num - 1) / 2
31 end_index = self.current_page + (self.pager_num + 1) / 2
32 if (self.current_page + (self.pager_num - 1) / 2) > self.total_count:
33 end_index = self.total_count + 1
34 start_index = self.total_count - self.pager_num + 1
35 if self.current_page == 1:
36 prev = '<a class="page" href="javascript:void(0);">上一页</a>'
37 else:
38 prev = '<a class="page" href="%s?p=%s">上一页</a>' % (base_url, self.current_page - 1,)
39 page_list.append(prev)
40 for i in range(int(start_index), int(end_index)):
41 if i == self.current_page:
42 temp = '<a class="page active" href="%s?p=%s">%s</a>' % (base_url, i, i)
43 else:
44 temp = '<a class="page" href="%s?p=%s">%s</a>' % (base_url, i, i)
45 page_list.append(temp)
46 if self.current_page == self.total_count:
47 nex = '<a class="page" href="javascript:void(0);">下一页</a>'
48 else:
49 nex = '<a class="page" href="%s?p=%s">下一页</a>' % (base_url, self.current_page + 1,)
50 page_list.append(nex)
51 jump = """
52 <input type='text' /><a onclick='jumpTo(this, "%s?p=");'>GO</a>
53 <script>
54 function jumpTo(ths,base){
55 var val = ths.previousSibling.value;
56 location.href = base + val;
57 }
58 </script>
59 """ % (base_url,)
60 page_list.append(jump)
61 page_str = mark_safe("".join(page_list))
62 return page_strView Code
本文章为转载内容，我们尊重原作者对文章享有的著作权。如有内容错误或侵权问题，欢迎原作者联系我们进行内容更正或删除文章。
