springcloud alibaba微服务拆分 springcloud alibaba搭建微服务

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人类新新 2024-04-07 06:45:13

文章标签 alibaba cloud spring cloud spring maven ci 文章分类 运维

一、环境

开发工具：IntelliJ Idea
JDK 1.8
Spring boot 2.3.12.RELEASE
spring cloud Alibaba 2.2.7.RELEASE
openfeign 2.2.9.RELEASE

二、程序目录

可以通过开发工具中的maven、spring initializr等进行项目创建。内容包括：父工程、两个子工程。结构如下图：

springcloud alibaba微服务拆分 springcloud alibaba搭建微服务_ci

①父工程，该工程仅是pom工程，向子工程提供pom的继承。
②子工程，用于两个服务之间的调用

工程说明：
order服务通过restTemplate和openfeign两种方式分别调用stock服务中的reduct接口

三、配置文件

3.1 父POM文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>com.jwssw</groupId>
    <artifactId>microservice</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <name>microservice</name>
    <description>microservice</description>
    <packaging>pom</packaging>
    <!--模块-->
    <modules>
        <module>order</module>
        <module>stock</module>
    </modules>
    <!--父继承-->
    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.3.12.RELEASE</version>
        <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
    </parent>
    <!--属性-->
    <properties>
        <java.version>8</java.version>
        <spring.cloud.version>Hoxton.SR12</spring.cloud.version>
        <alibaba.cloud.version>2.2.7.RELEASE</alibaba.cloud.version>
    </properties>
    <!--管理器-->
    <dependencyManagement>
        <dependencies>
            <!--引入spring cloud依赖-->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>${spring.cloud.version}</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
            <!--引入spring cloud alibaba依赖-->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-alibaba-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>${alibaba.cloud.version}</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    </dependencyManagement>

    <!--依赖-->
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--spring boot web-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--nacos 服务注册/发现 客户端-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-config</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--openfeign 依赖-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-openfeign</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--单元测试-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <!--构建-->
    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                <configuration>
                    <excludes>
                        <exclude>
                            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
                            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
                        </exclude>
                    </excludes>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

</project>

3.2 子工程POM，除artifactId外两个子工程配置一致

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <!--父继承-->
    <parent>
        <artifactId>microservice</artifactId>
        <groupId>com.jwssw</groupId>
        <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <artifactId>order</artifactId>

    <!--属性-->
    <properties>
        <maven.compiler.source>8</maven.compiler.source>
        <maven.compiler.target>8</maven.compiler.target>
    </properties>

    <!--依赖-->
    <dependencies>
    </dependencies>
</project>

3.3 application.yml配置文件，除application.name外两个子工程配置一致

server:
  port: 8011

# spring 相关配置
spring:
  application:
    name: order-server # 服务名称
  cloud:
    # nacos客户端配置
    nacos:
      discovery:
        server-addr: 192.168.0.182:8848 # nacos服务地址

# feign配置
feign:
  # 是否开启服务降级，默认不开启，true表示开启
  hystrix:
    enabled: true

四、程序代码

4.1 Order子工程的相关代码

4.1.1 启动类OrderApplication

package com.jwssw.order;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.web.client.RestTemplateBuilder;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.loadbalancer.LoadBalanced;
import org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.EnableFeignClients;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;

/**
 * 类描述：启动类
 *
 * @author 鲁浩鹏 Lu Haopeng
 * @version 1.0
 * @email <a href="mailTo:luhaopeng2005@126.com">Lu Haopeng</a>
 * @date 2022/3/19 10:42
 * @since JDK 8
 */
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableFeignClients
public class OrderApplication {
    /**
     * 方法描述： 启动类入口
     *
     * @param args 参数
     * @author 鲁浩鹏 Lu Haopeng
     * @date 2022/3/25 13:50
     */
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(OrderApplication.class, args);
    }


    /**
     * 方法描述： 装载restTemplate bean对象
     *
     * @param builder 配置类
     * @return {@link RestTemplate}
     * @author 鲁浩鹏 Lu Haopeng
     * @date 2022/3/25 13:51
     */
    @LoadBalanced
    @Bean
    public RestTemplate restTemplate(RestTemplateBuilder builder) {
        return builder.build();
    }
}

4.1.2 控制类OrderController

package com.jwssw.order;

import com.jwssw.order.service.OrderService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;

/**
 * 类描述：对外提供服务类
 *
 * @author 鲁浩鹏 Lu Haopeng
 * @version 1.0
 * @email <a href="mailTo:luhaopeng2005@126.com">Lu Haopeng</a>
 * @date 2022/3/19 10:43
 * @since JDK 8
 */
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/order")
public class OrderController {
    /** restTemplate远程调用对象 */
    private final RestTemplate restTemplate;
    /** openfeign远程调用对象 */
    private final OrderService orderService;

    /**
     * 构造方法注入
     */
    public OrderController(RestTemplate restTemplate,
                           @Qualifier("com.jwssw.order.service.OrderService") OrderService orderService) {
        this.restTemplate = restTemplate;
        this.orderService = orderService;
    }

    /**
     * 方法描述： 采用restTemplate方式远程调用
     *
     * @author 鲁浩鹏 Lu Haopeng
     * @date 2022/3/25 14:11
     */
    @RequestMapping("/add")
    public String add() {
        // 远程调用
        String str = restTemplate.getForObject("http://stock-server/stock/reduct", String.class);
        // 返回结果
        return "Hello World " + str;
    }


    /**
     * 方法描述： 采用openfeign方式远程调用
     *
     * @return {@link String}
     * @author 鲁浩鹏 Lu Haopeng
     * @date 2022/3/25 14:12
     */
    @RequestMapping("/feignAdd")
    public String feignAdd() {
        // openfeign调用远程接口
        String str = orderService.reduct();
        // 返回结果
        return "feign调用：" + str;
    }
}

4.1.3 openfeign接口类OrderService

package com.jwssw.order.service;

import com.jwssw.order.service.impl.OrderServiceImpl;
import org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.FeignClient;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;

/**
 * 类描述：openfeign远程调用接口类
 *
 * @author 鲁浩鹏 Lu Haopeng
 * @version 1.0
 * @email <a href="mailTo:luhaopeng2005@126.com">Lu Haopeng</a>
 * @date 2022/3/24 09:53
 * @since JDK 8
 */
@FeignClient(name = "stock-server", fallback = OrderServiceImpl.class)
public interface OrderService {
    /**
     * 方法描述： 调用stock服务的reduct接口的方法
     *
     * @return {@link String}
     * @author 鲁浩鹏 Lu Haopeng
     * @date 2022/3/25 14:23
     */
    @GetMapping("/stock/reduct")
    String reduct();
}

4.1.4 回调类OrderServiceImpl

package com.jwssw.order.service.impl;

import com.jwssw.order.service.OrderService;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

/**
 * 类描述：openfeign远程调用失败的回调类
 *
 * @author 鲁浩鹏 Lu Haopeng
 * @version 1.0
 * @email <a href="mailTo:luhaopeng2005@126.com">Lu Haopeng</a>
 * @date 2022/3/24 09:54
 * @since JDK 8
 */
@Component
public class OrderServiceImpl implements OrderService {
    /**
     * 方法描述： 调用失败后的回调方法
     *
     * @return {@link String}
     * @author 鲁浩鹏 Lu Haopeng
     * @date 2022/3/25 14:23
     */
    @Override
    public String reduct() {
        return "库存服务不可达";
    }
}

4.2 stock子工程的相关代码

4.2.1 启动类StockApplication

package com.jwssw.stock;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;

/**
 * 类描述：stock项目启动类
 *
 * @author 鲁浩鹏 Lu Haopeng
 * @version 1.0
 * @email <a href="mailTo:luhaopeng2005@126.com">Lu Haopeng</a>
 * @date 2022/3/19 10:52
 * @since JDK 8
 */
@SpringBootApplication
public class StockApplication {
    /**
     * 方法描述： stock服务启动入口
     *
     * @param args 参数
     * @author 鲁浩鹏 Lu Haopeng
     * @date 2022/3/25 14:27
     */
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(StockApplication.class, args);
    }
}

4.2.2 对外提供服务类StockController

package com.jwssw.stock;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

/**
 * 类描述：对外提供服务类
 *
 * @author 鲁浩鹏 Lu Haopeng
 * @version 1.0
 * @email <a href="mailTo:luhaopeng2005@126.com">Lu Haopeng</a>
 * @date 2022/3/19 10:46
 * @since JDK 8
 */
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/stock")
public class StockController {
    
    /** 获取配置文件中的端口号 */
    @Value("${server.port}")
    private String port;

    /**
     * 方法描述： 对外提供的方法
     *
     * @return {@link String}
     * @author 鲁浩鹏 Lu Haopeng
     * @date 2022/3/25 14:29
     */
    @RequestMapping("/reduct")
    public String reduct() {
        System.out.println("扣减库存成功");
        return "扣减库存" + port;
    }
}