在 Web 中进行测试驱动的开发,比较大的困难是模拟 HttpContext ,它太复杂了。

moq 框架提供了强大的模拟能力,但是,模拟一个 HttpContext 对象还是需要自己来动手。

为此,我自己写了一个方法来完成这个工作。其中,还顺便使用 Log4Net 来输出一下它的工作情况。

/// <summary>
/// 创建上下文模拟对象
/// 至少需要支持
/// Request 中
/// AppRelativeCurrentExecutionFilePath,
/// ApplicationPath
/// PathInfo
/// Response 中
/// ApplyAppPathModifier
/// </summary>
/// <returns></returns>
private Moq.Mock<System.Web.HttpContextBase> CreateHttpContext()
{
log4net.ILog log = log4net.LogManager.GetLogger("CreateHttpContext");

string ApplicationPath = "/";
string PathInfo = "";
string AppRelativeCurrentExecutionFilePath = "~/";

var contextMock = new Moq.Mock<System.Web.HttpContextBase>();

contextMock
.Setup(c => c.Request.AppRelativeCurrentExecutionFilePath)
.Returns(AppRelativeCurrentExecutionFilePath)
.Callback(() => log.Info("Calling AppRelativeCurrentExecutionFilePath"));

contextMock
.Setup(c => c.Request.ApplicationPath)
.Returns(ApplicationPath)
.Callback(() => log.Info("Calling ApplicationPath"));
contextMock.Setup(rc => rc.Request.PathInfo)
.Returns(PathInfo)
.Callback(() => log.Info("Calling PathInfo"));

contextMock
.Setup(rc => rc.Response.ApplyAppPathModifier(Moq.It.IsAny<string>()))
.Returns((string s) => s)
.Callback((string s) => log.InfoFormat("Calling ApplyAppPathModifier: {0}.", s));

return contextMock;
}

虽然这个方法已经能够完成我需要的测试,但是,我希望能将它提炼一下,得到一个更加通用的 Mock 方法。

很快,我发现这个工作已经在很久以前被 ​​Scott Hanselman ​​​介绍过一次了,其中甚至还写了不同的 Mock 框架下的提供方法。不过 moq 版本的作者不是他,而是另外一个人 Daniel Cazzulino, 这篇文章你可以在这里找到:​​http://www.hanselman.com/blog/ASPNETMVCSessionAtMix08TDDAndMvcMockHelpers.aspx​​​,还可以顺便看一下 Daniel Cazzulino 的博客:​​http://blogs.clariusconsulting.net/kzu/​

不过,他的文章是在 2008 年写的,实在太古老了。当时还是 MVC 的 Preview2 ,moq 在那个时候就已经诞生了,看来我太孤陋寡闻了。

回到我们的主题,经过了这么长的时间,moq 已经有了一些变化,使用最新的 moq 语法修改之后,发现他的的代码没有能够通过测试。

与我的比较一下,发现其中少了对 Response 中 ApplyAppPathModifier 方法的支持,增加之后就正常了。

下面是修改之后的代码,希望能给你带来方便。

using System;
using System.Web;
using System.Text.RegularExpressions;
using System.IO;
using System.Collections.Specialized;
using System.Web.Mvc;
using System.Web.Routing;

using Moq;

namespace UnitTests
{
public static class MvcMockHelpers
{
public static HttpContextBase FakeHttpContext()
{
var context = new Mock<HttpContextBase>();
var request = new Mock<HttpRequestBase>();
var response = new Mock<HttpResponseBase>();
var session = new Mock<HttpSessionStateBase>();
var server = new Mock<HttpServerUtilityBase>();

// 必须要设置 Response 的 ApplyAppPathModifier 方法支持
response
.Setup(rsp => rsp.ApplyAppPathModifier(Moq.It.IsAny<string>()))
.Returns((string s) => s);

context.Setup(ctx => ctx.Request).Returns(request.Object);
context.Setup(ctx => ctx.Response).Returns(response.Object);
context.Setup(ctx => ctx.Session).Returns(session.Object);
context.Setup(ctx => ctx.Server).Returns(server.Object);

return context.Object;
}

public static HttpContextBase FakeHttpContext(string url)
{
HttpContextBase context = FakeHttpContext();
context.Request.SetupRequestUrl(url);
return context;
}

// Controller 的一个扩展方法
public static void SetFakeControllerContext(this Controller controller)
{
var httpContext = FakeHttpContext();
ControllerContext context = new ControllerContext(new RequestContext(httpContext, new RouteData()), controller);
controller.ControllerContext = context;
}

static string GetUrlFileName(string url)
{
if (url.Contains("?"))
return url.Substring(0, url.IndexOf("?"));
else
return url;
}

static NameValueCollection GetQueryStringParameters(string url)
{
if (url.Contains("?"))
{
NameValueCollection parameters = new NameValueCollection();

string[] parts = url.Split("?".ToCharArray());
string[] keys = parts[1].Split("&".ToCharArray());

foreach (string key in keys)
{
string[] part = key.Split("=".ToCharArray());
parameters.Add(part[0], part[1]);
}

return parameters;
}
else
{
return null;
}
}

// 扩展 HttpRequestBase
public static void SetHttpMethodResult(this HttpRequestBase request, string httpMethod)
{
Mock.Get(request)
.Setup(req => req.HttpMethod)
.Returns(httpMethod);
}

// 设置请求的地址
public static void SetupRequestUrl(this HttpRequestBase request, string url)
{
log4net.ILog log = log4net.LogManager.GetLogger("CreateHttpContext");

if (url == null)
throw new ArgumentNullException("url");

if (!url.StartsWith("~/"))
throw new ArgumentException("Sorry, we expect a virtual url starting with \"~/\".");

var mock = Mock.Get(request);

mock.Setup(req => req.QueryString)
.Returns(GetQueryStringParameters(url));
mock.Setup(req => req.AppRelativeCurrentExecutionFilePath)
.Returns(GetUrlFileName(url))
.Callback(() => log.Info("Calling AppRelativeCurrentExecutionFilePath"));


mock.Setup(req => req.PathInfo)
.Returns(string.Empty);

}

}
}