1. Spring整合Hibernate,整合什么?
1). 由IOC容器来管理Hibernate的SessionFactory
2). 让Hibernate使用上Spring的声明式事务
2.整合步骤
1). 加入hibernate
(1)加入jar包
(2)配置hibernate.cfg.xml
(3)编写持久化类及.hbm.xml
2). 加入Spring
(1)加入jar包
(2)加入spring的配置文件
3). 整合
Hibernate.cfg.xml配置如下:
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN" "http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-configuration>
<session-factory>
<!-- 配置hibernate的基本属性 -->
<!-- 1.数据源配置到IOC容器中,所以此处不再需要配置数据源 -->
<!-- 2.关联的*.hbm.xml也在IOC容器配置SessionFactory实例时进行配置 -->
<!-- 3.配置hibernate的基本属性:方言,SQL显示格式化,生成数据表的策略及二级缓存 -->
<!-- 配置方言 -->
<property name="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5InnoDBDialect</property>
<!-- SQL显示 -->
<property name="show_sql">true</property>
<!-- 格式化 -->
<property name="format_sql">true</property>
<!-- 生成数据表策略:
update:
最常用的属性,第一次加载hibernate时根据model类会自动建立起表的结构(前提是先建立好数据库),
以后加载hibernate时根据 model类自动更新表结构,即使表结构改变了但表中的行仍然存在不会删除以前的行。
要注意的是当部署到服务器后,表结构是不会被马上建立起来的,是要等 应用第一次运行起来后才会。
-->
<property name="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">update</property>
<!-- 配置hibernate二级缓存相关的属性 -->
</session-factory>
</hibernate-configuration>
编写实体类及映射文件
实体类略
映射文件Account.hbm.xml:
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC
"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-mapping>
<class name="com.xdy.spring.hibernate.entities.Account" table="SH_ACCOUNT">
<id name="id" type="integer">
<!-- Native主键生成方式会根据不同的底层数据库自动选择Identity、Sequence、Hilo主键生成方式 -->
<generator class="native"/>
</id>
<property name="username"/>
<property name="balance"/>
</class>
</hibernate-mapping>
applicationContext.xml的配置:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd">
<!-- 配置自动扫描的包 -->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.xdy.spring.hibernate"></context:component-scan>
<!-- 配置数据源 -->
<!-- 导入资源文件 -->
<context:property-placeholder location="classpath:db.properties"/>
<bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
<property name="user" value="${jdbc.user}"></property>
<property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"></property>
<property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.driverClass}"></property>
<property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.jdbcUrl}"></property>
<property name="initialPoolSize" value="${jdbc.initPoolSize}"></property>
<property name="maxPoolSize" value="${jdbc.maxPoolSize}"></property>
</bean>
<!-- 配置Hibernate的SessionFactory实例 ,通过Spring提供的LocalSessionFactoryBean进行配置-->
<bean id="sessionFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
<!-- 配置数据源属性-->
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property>
<!-- 配置hibernate配置文件的位置及名称 -->
<property name="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml"></property>
<!-- 配置hibernate映射文件的位置及名称,可以使用通配符 -->
<property name="mappingLocations" value="classpath:com/xdy/spring/hibernate/entities/*.hbm.xml"></property>
</bean>
<!-- 配置Spring的声明式事务 -->
<!-- 1.配置事务管理器 -->
<bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.HibernateTransactionManager">
<property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory"></property>
</bean>
<!-- 2.配置事务属性,需要事务管理器 -->
<tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="transactionManager">
<tx:attributes>
<tx:method name="get*" read-only="true"/>
<tx:method name="purchase" propagation="REQUIRES_NEW"/>
<tx:method name="*"/>
</tx:attributes>
</tx:advice>
<!-- 3.配置事务切点,并把切点和事务属性关联起来 -->
<aop:config>
<aop:pointcut id="txPointcut" expression="execution(* com.xdy.spring.hibernate.service.*.*(..))"/>
<aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice" pointcut-ref="txPointcut"/>
</aop:config>
</beans>
编写测试类:
package com.xdy.spring.hibernate.test;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.util.Arrays;
import javax.sql.DataSource;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
import com.xdy.spring.hibernate.service.BookShopService;
import com.xdy.spring.hibernate.service.Cashier;
public class SpringHibernateTest {
private ApplicationContext ctx = null;
private BookShopService bookShopService;
private Cashier cashier;
{
ctx = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
bookShopService = ctx.getBean(BookShopService.class);
cashier = ctx.getBean(Cashier.class);
}
@Test
public void testCashier(){
cashier.checkout("aa", Arrays.asList("1001","1002"));
}
@Test
public void testBookShopService(){
bookShopService.purchase("aa", "1001");
}
@Test
public void testDataSource() throws SQLException{
DataSource dataSource = ctx.getBean(DataSource.class);
System.out.println(dataSource.getConnection());
}
}
BookShopDao:
package com.xdy.spring.hibernate.dao;
public interface BookShopDao {
//根据书号获取书的单价
public int findBookPriceByIsbn(String isbn);
//更新书的课程,使书号对应的课程-1
public void updateBookStock(String isbn);
//更新用户的账户余额,使username的balance-price
public void updateUserAccount(String username,int price);
}
BookStockException:
package com.xdy.spring.hibernate.exceptions;
public class BookStockException extends RuntimeException{
/**
*
*/
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
public BookStockException() {
super();
// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
}
public BookStockException(String message, Throwable cause) {
super(message, cause);
// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
}
public BookStockException(String message) {
super(message);
// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
}
public BookStockException(Throwable cause) {
super(cause);
// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
}
}
BookShopDaoImpl:
package com.xdy.spring.hibernate.dao.impl;
import org.hibernate.Query;
import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;
import com.xdy.spring.hibernate.dao.BookShopDao;
import com.xdy.spring.hibernate.exceptions.BookStockException;
import com.xdy.spring.hibernate.exceptions.UserAccountException;
@Repository
public class BookShopDaoImpl implements BookShopDao {
@Autowired
private SessionFactory sessionFactory;
//获取和当前线程绑定的session
private Session getSession(){
return sessionFactory.getCurrentSession();
}
@Override
public int findBookPriceByIsbn(String isbn) {
String hql = "select b.price from Book b where b.isbn=?";
Query query = getSession().createQuery(hql).setString(0, isbn);
return (Integer)query.uniqueResult();
}
@Override
public void updateBookStock(String isbn) {
//验证书的库存是否充足
String hql2 = "select b.stock from Book b where b.isbn=?";
int stock = (Integer) getSession().createQuery(hql2).setString(0,isbn).uniqueResult();
if(stock==0){
throw new BookStockException("库存不足!");
}
String hql = "update Book b set b.stock=b.stock-1 where b.isbn=?";
getSession().createQuery(hql).setString(0, isbn).executeUpdate();
}
@Override
public void updateUserAccount(String username, int price) {
//验证余额是否充足
String hql = "select a.balance from Account a where a.username=?";
int balance = (Integer)getSession().createQuery(hql).setString(0, username).uniqueResult();
if(balance<price){
throw new UserAccountException("余额不足!");
}
String hql2 = "update Account a set a.balance = a.balance-? where a.username=?";
getSession().createQuery(hql2).setInteger(0, price).setString(1, username).executeUpdate();
}
}
BookShopServiceImpl:
package com.xdy.spring.hibernate.service.Impl;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import com.xdy.spring.hibernate.dao.BookShopDao;
import com.xdy.spring.hibernate.service.BookShopService;
@Service
public class BookShopServiceImpl implements BookShopService {
@Autowired
private BookShopDao bookShopDao;
/**
* Spring hibernate 事务的流程
* 1. 在方法开始之前
* ①. 获取 Session
* ②. 把 Session 和当前线程绑定, 这样就可以在 Dao 中使用 SessionFactory 的
* getCurrentSession() 方法来获取 Session 了
* ③. 开启事务
*
* 2. 若方法正常结束, 即没有出现异常, 则
* ①. 提交事务
* ②. 使和当前线程绑定的 Session 解除绑定
* ③. 关闭 Session
*
* 3. 若方法出现异常, 则:
* ①. 回滚事务
* ②. 使和当前线程绑定的 Session 解除绑定
* ③. 关闭 Session
*/
@Override
public void purchase(String username, String isbn) {
int price = bookShopDao.findBookPriceByIsbn(isbn);
System.out.println("price="+price);
bookShopDao.updateBookStock(isbn);
bookShopDao.updateUserAccount(username, price);
}
}
CashierImpl:
package com.xdy.spring.hibernate.service.Impl;
import java.util.List;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import com.xdy.spring.hibernate.service.BookShopService;
import com.xdy.spring.hibernate.service.Cashier;
@Service
public class CashierImpl implements Cashier {
@Autowired
private BookShopService bookShopService;
@Override
public void checkout(String username, List<String> isbns) {
for(String isbn : isbns){
bookShopService.purchase(username, isbn);
}
}
}