文章目录
- 1. 下载MySQL软件包
- 1.2 将刚才下载的软件包放到虚拟机中的src目录中
- 1.3 创建一个名为MySQL的系统用户
- 1.4 解压mysql-5.7.37-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz安装包
- 1.5 把/usr/local目录中刚才解压的MySQL软件包名字修改成MySQL
- 1.6 修改MySQL的属组
- 1.7 建立数据存放目录
- 1.8 初始化数据库
- 1.9 进入到mysql
- 1.9.1 设置MySQL开机自启
- 2 mysql密码破解（只能用root用户来操作）
- 2.1 修改配置文件，加入skip-drants-table
- 2.2 重启mysql
- 2.3 修改密码
- 2.4 恢复配置文件，删除skip-drants-table
- 2.5 重启mysql
- 2.6 验证新密码是否能登录
1. 下载MySQL软件包
- 首先到MySQL官网
- 点击下载
- 选择（GPL）下载
- 点击下载文档
- 选择第一个
- 然后选择以下内容并下载第一歌软件包
1.2 将刚才下载的软件包放到虚拟机中的src目录中
1.3 创建一个名为MySQL的系统用户
[root@localhost src]# useradd -r -M -s /sbin/nologin mysql
[root@localhost src]# id mysql
uid=975(mysql) gid=973(mysql) 组=973(mysql)1.4 解压mysql-5.7.37-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz安装包
[root@localhost src]# tar xf mysql-5.7.37-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz -C /usr/local
[root@localhost src]# ls /usr/local/ //查看一下是否解压完成
bin etc games include lib lib64 libexec mysql-5.7.37-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 sbin share src1.5 把/usr/local目录中刚才解压的MySQL软件包名字修改成MySQL
[root@localhost local]# mv mysql-5.7.37-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/ mysql
[root@localhost local]# ls
bin etc games include lib lib64 libexec mysql sbin share src
[root@localhost local]#1.6 修改MySQL的属组
[root@localhost local]# chown -R mysql.mysql mysql
[root@localhost local]# ll
总用量 0
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 8月 12 2018 bin
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 8月 12 2018 etc
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 8月 12 2018 games
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 8月 12 2018 include
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 8月 12 2018 lib
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 8月 12 2018 lib64
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 8月 12 2018 libexec
drwxr-xr-x. 9 mysql mysql 129 6月 28 06:49 mysql //已经修改完成
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 8月 12 2018 sbin
drwxr-xr-x. 5 root root 49 5月 24 10:16 share
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 8月 12 2018 src
//添加环境变量
[root@localhost local]# echo 'export PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:$PATH' > /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh
[root@localhost local]# source /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh //重新读取下
[root@localhost local]#
//将MySQL目录下面的include目录软连接到/usr/include/mysql
[root@localhost local]# ln -s /usr/local/mysql/include /usr/include/mysql
//告知lib库的路径
[root@localhost local]# vim /etc/ld.so.conf.d/mysql.conf
[root@localhost local]# cat /etc/ld.so.conf.d/mysql.conf
/usr/local/mysql/lib
[root@localhost local]# ldconfig //重新读取配置文件
//配置man文档
[root@localhost local]# vim /etc/man_db.conf
#---------------------------------------------------------
# every automatically generated MANPATH includes these fields
#
#MANDATORY_MANPATH /usr/src/pvm3/man
#
MANDATORY_MANPATH /usr/man
MANDATORY_MANPATH /usr/share/man
MANDATORY_MANPATH /usr/local/share/man
MANDATORY_MANPATH /usr/local/mysql/man //在文档中添加这一行
#---------------------------------------------------------1.7 建立数据存放目录
[root@localhost local]# mkdir /opt/data
[root@localhost local]# chown -R mysql.mysql /opt/data/
[root@localhost local]# ll /opt/
总用量 0
drwxr-xr-x. 2 mysql mysql 6 6月 28 07:19 data1.8 初始化数据库
[root@localhost local]# mysqld --initialize --user mysql --datadir /opt/data
2022-06-28T11:24:07.816771Z 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).
2022-06-28T11:24:08.153179Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: New log files created, LSN=45790
2022-06-28T11:24:08.219741Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: Creating foreign key constraint system tables.
2022-06-28T11:24:08.283127Z 0 [Warning] No existing UUID has been found, so we assume that this is the first time that this server has been started. Generating a new UUID: d3756dcf-f6d4-11ec-89e4-000c2940890e.
2022-06-28T11:24:08.284915Z 0 [Warning] Gtid table is not ready to be used. Table 'mysql.gtid_executed' cannot be opened.
2022-06-28T11:24:09.397182Z 0 [Warning] A deprecated TLS version TLSv1 is enabled. Please use TLSv1.2 or higher.
2022-06-28T11:24:09.397223Z 0 [Warning] A deprecated TLS version TLSv1.1 is enabled. Please use TLSv1.2 or higher.
2022-06-28T11:24:09.397945Z 0 [Warning] CA certificate ca.pem is self signed.
2022-06-28T11:24:09.539935Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: Qsao9#M_iT7m //这个密码是随机生成的临时密码用来登录到MySQL修改密码。此处密码是：Qsao9#M_iT7m
//生成配置文件
[root@localhost local]# vim /etc/my.cnf
[root@localhost local]# cat /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
basedir = /usr/local/mysql
datadir = /opt/data
socket = /tmp/mysql.sock
port = 3306
pid-file = /opt/data/mysql.pid
user = mysql
skip-name-resolve
sql-mode = STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,NO_ZERO_IN_DATE,NO_ZERO_DATE,ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO,NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER,NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION
//配置服务启动脚本
[root@localhost local]# cd /usr/local/mysql/support-files/
[root@localhost support-files]# ls
magic mysqld_multi.server mysql-log-rotate mysql.server
[root@localhost support-files]# cp mysql.server mysqld
[root@localhost support-files]# chown -R mysql.mysql mysqld
[root@localhost support-files]# vim mysqld
# If you change base dir, you must also change datadir. These may get
# overwritten by settings in the MySQL configuration files.
basedir=/usr/local/mysql //修改这一行
datadir=/opt/data //修改这一行
# Default value, in seconds, afterwhich the script should timeout waiting
# for server start.
//启动MySQL
[root@localhost support-files]# /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysqld start
Starting MySQL.Logging to '/opt/data/localhost.localdomain.err'.
SUCCESS!
[root@localhost support-files]# ss -antl
State Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port
LISTEN 0 128 0.0.0.0:111 0.0.0.0:*
LISTEN 0 32 192.168.122.1:53 0.0.0.0:*
LISTEN 0 128 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:*
LISTEN 0 5 127.0.0.1:631 0.0.0.0:*
LISTEN 0 128 [::]:111 [::]:*
LISTEN 0 128 [::]:22 [::]:*
LISTEN 0 5 [::1]:631 [::]:*
LISTEN 0 80 *:3306 *:* //有这个端口就说明启动成功了
//下载库
[root@localhost ~]# dnf provides libncurses.so.5 //查找libncurses.so.5库
Updating Subscription Management repositories.
Unable to read consumer identity
This system is not registered to Red Hat Subscription Management. You can use subscription-manager to register.
上次元数据过期检查：2:01:56 前，执行于 2022年06月28日 星期二 05时54分17秒。
ncurses-compat-libs-6.1-9.20180224.el8.i686 : Ncurses compatibility libraries
仓库 ：base
匹配来源：
提供 : libncurses.so.5
[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install ncurses-compat-libs //安装过程已省略1.9 进入到mysql
[root@localhost ~]# mysql -uroot -p'Qsao9#M_iT7m'
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 3
Server version: 5.7.37
Copyright (c) 2000, 2022, Oracle and/or its affiliates.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql>
//修改密码
mysql> set password = password('cxr123!');
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)
mysql>
//验证密码是否有效
[root@localhost ~]# mysql -uroot -p'cxr123!'
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 4
Server version: 5.7.37 MySQL Community Server (GPL)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2022, Oracle and/or its affiliates.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> //成功登录1.9.1 设置MySQL开机自启
[root@localhost ~]# cp /usr/lib/systemd/system/sshd.service /usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service //复制一份sshd.service文件
[root@localhost ~]# cd /usr/lib/systemd/system
[root@localhost system]# vim mysqld.service
[root@localhost system]# cat mysqld.service //配置文件
[Unit]
Description=mysql server daemon
After=network.target sshd-keygen.target
[Service]
Type=forking
ExecStart=/usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysqld start
ExecStop=/usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysqld stop
ExecReload=/bin/kill -HUP $MAINPID
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
[root@localhost system]#
//关闭selinux
[root@localhost system]# vim /etc/selinux/config
SELINUX=disabled //修改成禁用模式
[root@localhost system]# vim /etc/selinux/config
[root@localhost system]# reboot //重启一下
连接断开
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl daemon-reload
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl status mysqld //查看MySQL状态
● mysqld.service - mysql server daemon
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service; disabled; vendor preset: disabled)
Active: inactive (dead)
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl start mysqld.service //开启MySQL服务
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl status mysqld.service //再次查看MySQL，已经打开服务了
● mysqld.service - mysql server daemon
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service; disabled; vendor preset: disabled)
Active: active (running) since Tue 2022-06-28 08:20:23 EDT; 12s ago
Process: 4766 ExecStart=/usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysqld start (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
Main PID: 4798 (mysqld_safe)
Tasks: 28 (limit: 11160)
Memory: 229.2M
CGroup: /system.slice/mysqld.service
├─4798 /bin/sh /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --datadir=/opt/data --pid-file=/opt/data/mysql.pid
└─5030 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/opt/data --plugin-dir=/usr/local/mysql/lib/plugin --user=mysql --log-error=localhost.localdomain.err --pid-fil>
6月 28 08:20:22 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Starting mysql server daemon...
6月 28 08:20:23 localhost.localdomain mysqld[4766]: Starting MySQL. SUCCESS!
6月 28 08:20:23 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Started mysql server daemon.2 mysql密码破解（只能用root用户来操作）
2.1 修改配置文件，加入skip-drants-table
[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf
[root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
basedir = /usr/local/mysql
datadir = /opt/data
socket = /tmp/mysql.sock
port = 3306
pid-file = /opt/data/mysql.pid
user = mysql
skip-name-resolve
sql-mode = STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,NO_ZERO_IN_DATE,NO_ZERO_DATE,ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO,NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER,NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION
[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf
[root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
basedir = /usr/local/mysql
datadir = /opt/data
socket = /tmp/mysql.sock
port = 3306
pid-file = /opt/data/mysql.pid
user = mysql
skip-name-resolve
sql-mode = STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,NO_ZERO_IN_DATE,NO_ZERO_DATE,ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO,NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER,NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION
skip-grants-table //在文件中加入这一行2.2 重启mysql
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl restart mysqld2.3 修改密码
[root@localhost ~]# mysql //直接输入MySQL登录进去（已经绕过密码）
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 2
Server version: 5.7.37 MySQL Community Server (GPL)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2022, Oracle and/or its affiliates.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> use mysql; //进入到MySQL库
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A
Database changed
mysql> update user set authentication_string = password('123456') where User = 'root' and Host = 'localhost';
Query OK, 1 row affected, 1 warning (0.01 sec)
Rows matched: 1 Changed: 1 Warnings: 1
mysql>2.4 恢复配置文件，删除skip-drants-table
[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf //删除刚才加的一行
[root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
basedir = /usr/local/mysql
datadir = /opt/data
socket = /tmp/mysql.sock
port = 3306
pid-file = /opt/data/mysql.pid
user = mysql
skip-name-resolve
sql-mode = STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,NO_ZERO_IN_DATE,NO_ZERO_DATE,ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO,NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER,NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION2.5 重启mysql
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl restart mysqld.service2.6 验证新密码是否能登录
[root@localhost ~]# mysql -uroot -p'123456' //登录成功
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 2
Server version: 5.7.37 MySQL Community Server (GPL)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2022, Oracle and/or its affiliates.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql>
Bye
[root@localhost ~]#
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